Symptoms of depression and anxiety and  their relationship with health behaviors in  patients with chronic kidney disease

Objective This study aimed to clarify the relationship between symptoms of depression, anxiety and health behaviors, namely, physical activity, BMI, healthy diet and medication adherence, in patients with non-dialysis dependent chronic kidney disease (NDD-CKD). Methods Patients with NDD-CKD (N = 460, Mage = 59, SD = 13) filled in the Patient Health Questionnaire and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder questionnaire, the Short Questionnaire to Assess Health-enhancing physical activity, and BMI data. Perceived adherence to a healthy diet was measured by factoring two questions in principal component analysis and the Simplified Medication Adherence Questionnaire was used. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses and ordinal logistic regression analyses were conducted. Adjustments were made for age, gender and covariates that correlated with health behaviors. Results Patients with symptoms of depression were less likely to be physically active (β = -.11, p = .031), perceived adherence to...Show moreObjective This study aimed to clarify the relationship between symptoms of depression, anxiety and health behaviors, namely, physical activity, BMI, healthy diet and medication adherence, in patients with non-dialysis dependent chronic kidney disease (NDD-CKD). Methods Patients with NDD-CKD (N = 460, Mage = 59, SD = 13) filled in the Patient Health Questionnaire and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder questionnaire, the Short Questionnaire to Assess Health-enhancing physical activity, and BMI data. Perceived adherence to a healthy diet was measured by factoring two questions in principal component analysis and the Simplified Medication Adherence Questionnaire was used. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses and ordinal logistic regression analyses were conducted. Adjustments were made for age, gender and covariates that correlated with health behaviors. Results Patients with symptoms of depression were less likely to be physically active (β = -.11, p = .031), perceived adherence to a healthy diet was lower (β = -.16, p = .001), and more likely to be medication non-adherent (OR = 1.08, p = .003). The relationship between symptoms of depression and BMI only showed a trend towards significance (β = .09, p = .063). Patients with symptoms of anxiety only perceived to adhere less to a healthy diet (β = -.11, p = .019). Discussion The results implicate that patients with symptoms of depression engage less in health behaviors, while patients with symptoms of anxiety only adhere less to a healthy diet. These results are important to consider to ensure a tailored approach in motivating patients towards a healthy lifestyle can be implemented.Show less

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Symptoms of depression and anxiety and their relationship with health behaviors in patients with chronic kidney disease