How does trust in automated  vehicles develop?: Critical events, “reliably unreliable” behaviour and the evolution of  trust in automated vehicles.

This study investigated the development of trust in automated vehicles. To do so, we set up an online experiment with two conditions. The first condition is called ‘Perfect’, and the second condition is called ‘Poor’. In addition, we measured the risk-taking attitude of the participants in this study. We performed multiple statistical analysis to determine the link between trust in the automated vehicle and the phase (in each condition there are eight phases). Furthermore, we utilized regression analysis and correlations to see whether risk taking could predict the level of trust. The results showed a significant main effect for phase and a significant interaction effect for phase and group. Especially the trust in Phase 4 decreased in the perfect vehicle condition and increased again after Phase 5. However, there were no significant correlations between risk-taking attitude and trust in the automated vehicle. Together, these results provided insight into the development of trust...Show moreThis study investigated the development of trust in automated vehicles. To do so, we set up an online experiment with two conditions. The first condition is called ‘Perfect’, and the second condition is called ‘Poor’. In addition, we measured the risk-taking attitude of the participants in this study. We performed multiple statistical analysis to determine the link between trust in the automated vehicle and the phase (in each condition there are eight phases). Furthermore, we utilized regression analysis and correlations to see whether risk taking could predict the level of trust. The results showed a significant main effect for phase and a significant interaction effect for phase and group. Especially the trust in Phase 4 decreased in the perfect vehicle condition and increased again after Phase 5. However, there were no significant correlations between risk-taking attitude and trust in the automated vehicle. Together, these results provided insight into the development of trust over time in automated vehicles, especially after one critical incident. To conclude, we suggested several improvements for future research. These suggestions included taking gender differences into account, replicating our study in a driving simulator and providing the participants with information about the system. Furthermore, we advised investigating the link between risk taking attitude and trust in a sample with high risk-taking participants.Show less

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How does trust in automated vehicles develop? Critical events, “reliably unreliable” behaviour and the evolution of trust in automated vehicles.