Beliefs and happiness: The relationship between beliefs and happiness moderated by a present-fatalistic time perspective

This study investigated the relationship between Pyrrhonism and happiness, moderated by a present-fatalistic time perspective. Pyrrhonism is a philosophical tradition which can be regarded as an art of living, with happiness as its ultimate goal. The Pyrrhonist recognises that for every outlook on life an equal amount of affirming and disconfirming arguments can be found and thus suspends his judgement, which leads to tranquillity. The Pyrrhonian trait, indicated by an investigative, considerate and open mind, was measured using the self-constructed Pyrrhonian Trait Scale (PTS). Data were collected using an online test battery, which in addition to the PTS also consisted of the Satisfaction with Life Scale and Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory. An exploratory factor analysis was performed on the PTS to confirm the presence of underlying factors on which the scale was based. Subsequently, a regression analysis and moderation analysis were conducted using IBM SPSS. Although no...Show moreThis study investigated the relationship between Pyrrhonism and happiness, moderated by a present-fatalistic time perspective. Pyrrhonism is a philosophical tradition which can be regarded as an art of living, with happiness as its ultimate goal. The Pyrrhonist recognises that for every outlook on life an equal amount of affirming and disconfirming arguments can be found and thus suspends his judgement, which leads to tranquillity. The Pyrrhonian trait, indicated by an investigative, considerate and open mind, was measured using the self-constructed Pyrrhonian Trait Scale (PTS). Data were collected using an online test battery, which in addition to the PTS also consisted of the Satisfaction with Life Scale and Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory. An exploratory factor analysis was performed on the PTS to confirm the presence of underlying factors on which the scale was based. Subsequently, a regression analysis and moderation analysis were conducted using IBM SPSS. Although no significant relationships were found, Pyrrhonism was positively associated with happiness. This association was only positive in respondents scoring moderately on the present-fatalistic time perspective. Pyrrhonism might serve as a guide in daily life. Moreover, future studies could asses its effect in clinical settings.Show less

Leiden University Student Repository

Documents

In Collections

Beliefs and happiness: The relationship between beliefs and happiness moderated by a present-fatalistic time perspective