Rejection Sensitivity and Potential Learning Biases Regarding Peer Feedback: Does rejection sensitivity impact how accurately we predict positive social evaluation?

The present study experimentally investigated the role of rejection sensitivity during adolescence and young adulthood on the ability of predicting the chance of receiving positive peer feedback. Previous studies examined trait characteristics, neural correlates and social learning of socially anxious individuals and found that rejection sensitivity has a negative impact on how one predicts and implements positive feedback. Participants (132 adults and 61 adolescents) took part in a social learning paradigm, wherein they had to predict whether four of their peers would like or dislike them based on certain personality characteristics. To see if learning biases are present, the scores of the participants were operationalized by calculating the Positive Prediction Discrepancy (PPD), the difference between the expected ratio of positive feedback and the actual probability of it. Unknown to the participants, the four peers differed in the probability of giving positive feedback. Results...Show moreThe present study experimentally investigated the role of rejection sensitivity during adolescence and young adulthood on the ability of predicting the chance of receiving positive peer feedback. Previous studies examined trait characteristics, neural correlates and social learning of socially anxious individuals and found that rejection sensitivity has a negative impact on how one predicts and implements positive feedback. Participants (132 adults and 61 adolescents) took part in a social learning paradigm, wherein they had to predict whether four of their peers would like or dislike them based on certain personality characteristics. To see if learning biases are present, the scores of the participants were operationalized by calculating the Positive Prediction Discrepancy (PPD), the difference between the expected ratio of positive feedback and the actual probability of it. Unknown to the participants, the four peers differed in the probability of giving positive feedback. Results indicated that neither rejection sensitivity (RS) nor age significantly predicted PPD scores for peer 1, peer 3, and peer 4. However, RS exhibited a significant negative effect on PPD scores for peer 2, suggesting that higher RS was associated with lower predictions of positive feedback for this peer. Altogether, this study suggests that while rejection sensitivity did show a significant negative relationship with positive prediction discrepancy for peer 2, there was no significant impact observed for the other peers or with age across the different peer feedback anticipation discrepancies. This indicates a nuanced association between rejection sensitivity and the anticipation of positive feedback, particularly in specific peer contexts, rather than a generalized effect across all peers.Show less

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Rejection Sensitivity and Potential Learning Biases Regarding Peer Feedback: Does rejection sensitivity impact how accurately we predict positive social evaluation?