Rumination and the Default Mode Network in Healthy Participants – Functional Connectivity During a Working Memory Task

Depression is a common, debilitating mental disorder. Due to its frequency and negative effects, there is a strong need for the development of efficient treatments. Especially since a large percentage of people is resistant to commonly prescribed antidepressant interventions. Rumination is an important symptom and predictor of depression, and it has been linked to dysfunctional default mode network (DMN) connectivity in depression. A better understanding of the relationship between the DMN and rumination may help us understand depression better, which may support the development of new interventions. This study focuses on rumination and its effects on the DMN during a working memory (WM) task in healthy participants. This was tested by inducing rumination in participants before the WM task, where DMN and DMN subsystem connectivity were compared to participants who did not receive rumination induction. Results showed that inducing rumination during tasks requiring external focus does...Show moreDepression is a common, debilitating mental disorder. Due to its frequency and negative effects, there is a strong need for the development of efficient treatments. Especially since a large percentage of people is resistant to commonly prescribed antidepressant interventions. Rumination is an important symptom and predictor of depression, and it has been linked to dysfunctional default mode network (DMN) connectivity in depression. A better understanding of the relationship between the DMN and rumination may help us understand depression better, which may support the development of new interventions. This study focuses on rumination and its effects on the DMN during a working memory (WM) task in healthy participants. This was tested by inducing rumination in participants before the WM task, where DMN and DMN subsystem connectivity were compared to participants who did not receive rumination induction. Results showed that inducing rumination during tasks requiring external focus does not increase functional connectivity of the DMN. Both the overall DMN connectivity and subsystem connectivity did not show any significant differences between groups. Furthermore, time-related changes in DMN connectivity were explored, but results indicated no significant changes either. Studies with depression showed that DMN connectivity is increased during WM tasks which was linked to rumination. But in this study with healthy participants DMN connectivity was suppressed during the WM task, even after inducing rumination. Therefore, these findings suggest that inducing rumination does not lead to insufficient DMN suppression in healthy participants, and that insufficient depression may be exclusive to depression.Show less

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Rumination and the Default Mode Network in Healthy Participants – Functional Connectivity During a Working Memory Task