Master thesis | Cultural Anthropology and Development Sociology (MSc)
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Museums today, as the International Council of Museums (ICOM) portrays, are viewed as non-profit institutions, open to the public, promoting education, research, study and entertainment. They are,...Show moreMuseums today, as the International Council of Museums (ICOM) portrays, are viewed as non-profit institutions, open to the public, promoting education, research, study and entertainment. They are, like James Clifford suggests, institutions that serve as a communication point for different cultures. Additionally modern museums are considered to have a strong social character as oppose to their past nationalistic one. Taking into account all these elements, this inquiry attempts to understand the meaning that a modern Ethnographic museum tries to communicate to the public. In order to achieve that, an Ethnographic exhibition in the making is being examined. To understand the importance and sensitivity of the subject displayed, past museum exhibitions of the same culture are mentioned along with the social impact they carried. Different stages of this exhibition, as well as the decision making process are being presented. A more thorough and complete image of meaning construction in an Ethnographic museum is given by introducing other recent exhibitions displayed by the same museum. Through interviews conducted with the museum personnel, this study anatomizes meaning construction in an Ethnological museum. The negotiation of the different views and agendas of the individuals, and the communities, participating in the exhibition making process, as well as external factors influencing that procedure, are being analyzed. Concluding, this study explores on what level, meaning created in a modern Ethnological museum is educational or recreational and to what expense.Show less
Ernstige gedragsproblemen bij jongeren hebben grote impact op de jongere zelf en de maatschappij als geheel. Uit eerder onderzoek blijkt dat agressief gedrag een positief verband heeft met...Show moreErnstige gedragsproblemen bij jongeren hebben grote impact op de jongere zelf en de maatschappij als geheel. Uit eerder onderzoek blijkt dat agressief gedrag een positief verband heeft met cognitieve vertekeningen en de afwezigheid van prosociaal gedrag. In deze studie is onderzocht in hoeverre cognitieve vertekeningen en prosociaal gedrag van reboundjongeren (12-15 jaar) afwijken van jongeren in het regulier voortgezet onderwijs. De studie werd verricht onder 169 jongeren, waaronder 73 reboundjongeren. Ook is geanalyseerd of de leeftijd van de jongeren verband hield met deze factoren. De voornaamste focus in deze studie was echter het meten van het effect op beide factoren van het EQUIP-programma dat in de reboundvoorziening wordt gehanteerd. Dataverzameling is verricht middels zelfrapportage, waarbij bij de reboundjongeren sprake was van een voor- en nameting. De resultaten van het onderzoek gaven aan dat er alleen op prosociaal gedrag verschil zichtbaar was tussen beide groepen, waarbij reboundjongeren zich tegen de verwachtingen in als meer prosociaal omschreven. De leeftijdstoename bleek slechts bij reboundjongeren te zorgen voor een toename in prosociaal gedrag. Het EQUIP-programma liet geen effecten zien op prosociaal gedrag, maar zorgde wel bij alle reboundjongeren voor een vermindering in cognitieve vertekeningen, waarbij de jongere doelgroep (12-13 jarigen) het meest profiteerde; EQUIP rust hen toe met een meer accurate manier van kijken naar gebeurtenissen in de wereld om hen heen.Show less
The Wright-Fisher model is a discrete-time model for the genetic evolution of a finite haploid population of constant size 2N, where each individual is of type say A or a. Time starts at n = 0 and...Show moreThe Wright-Fisher model is a discrete-time model for the genetic evolution of a finite haploid population of constant size 2N, where each individual is of type say A or a. Time starts at n = 0 and at each unit of time n ∈ N, each individual randomly chooses an individual from the previous generation and adopts its type. The probability that type a goes extinct equals the initial fraction of As in the population. The genetic variability Hn at time n is the probability that two different individuals, randomly drawn from the population at time n, are of diferent type. The expectation of the time τ it takes for one of the types to go extinct equals E(τ ) = 2NH0. The Moran model is a continuous-time version of the WF-model. Making a space-time rescaling and sending the population size to infinity leads to a convergence of both the WF-model and the Moran model to the diffusion limit (Yt)t≥0 known as the WF-diffusion. The latter is dual to a pure death process (Dt)t≥0 from which the the (Kingman) coalescent (Rt)t≥0, describing the genealogy of a large (haploid) population, can be constructed. The different states through which (Rt)t≥0 evolves form the jump chain of which the transition probabilities can be calculated. Consider a population at time t that has been evolving indefinitely in accordance with (Yt)t≥0, then all the individuals in the population a.s. have a most recent common ancestor (MRCA) that lived at time At < t. The expectation of the (rescaled) time between the population and its MRCA equals E(t − At) = 2. At any time t, there are two oldest families in the population. The time Ft at which one of these families dies out, the other family fixates in the population, which causes a jump of the MRCA. Using [2] it is possible to conclude that the MRCA-process (At)t≥0 and the fixation process (Ft)t≥0 are rate-1 Poisson processes.Show less
My study focused on knowledge about the EU. It was my aim to explain the variance in this knowledge among Europeans and to answer the question: What explains the variance in the knowledge about...Show moreMy study focused on knowledge about the EU. It was my aim to explain the variance in this knowledge among Europeans and to answer the question: What explains the variance in the knowledge about European Union among European citizens?Show less
In this thesis the debate that led to the Dutch slavery momument is shown. This debate is compared with the English debate and other cases of historical injustice.
De Nederlandse regering besloot in 2011 twee keer tot inzet van de krijgsmacht in internationale missies in Afghanistan (Kunduz) en Libië. Opmerkelijk is het beperkte mandaat bij beide missies....Show moreDe Nederlandse regering besloot in 2011 twee keer tot inzet van de krijgsmacht in internationale missies in Afghanistan (Kunduz) en Libië. Opmerkelijk is het beperkte mandaat bij beide missies. Analyse van de politieke besluitvorming leidt tot de conclusie dat dit past in het beeld van domesticization van het buitenlandbeleid en lange termijn trends in de opstelling van Nederland in internationaal perpectief.Show less
Research master thesis | Developmental Psychopathology in Education and Child Studies (research) (MSc)
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2017-07-19T00:00:00Z
The investigation of aggressive behaviors in specific types – reactive and proactive – on the basis of knowledge about executive dysfunctioning is important for determining both the etiology and...Show moreThe investigation of aggressive behaviors in specific types – reactive and proactive – on the basis of knowledge about executive dysfunctioning is important for determining both the etiology and the treatment strategies for aggression. The present study aimed to identify executive functions as the mechanisms underlying reactive and proactive aggression. Twenty-seven boys from 7 to 12 years old (M = 9.78, SD = 1.37) participated in this study. We created a sample including boys with different types of aggression and a wide range of aggression scores. Several (computerized) neurocognitive tasks were used for the measurement of the executive functions: inhibition, attention, frustration tolerance, cognitive flexibility and planning. A teacher questionnaire was administered for the reactive and proactive aggression scores of the boys. We found that the executive dysfunctions were associated with higher levels of aggression. Inhibition problems were associated with both types of aggression, but we also delineated unique factors in the prediction of reactive or proactive aggression. These results are not only important for theoretical frameworks about the etiology of aggression, but we can also underpin the importance of stimulating the development of specific executive functions for the prevention and treatment of different types of aggression.Show less
This study answers the question ‘Is there a relationship between the perception of the pupils and the teachers on the cooperative skills of the pupils and the actual cooperative skills of the...Show moreThis study answers the question ‘Is there a relationship between the perception of the pupils and the teachers on the cooperative skills of the pupils and the actual cooperative skills of the pupils in elementary Montessori education?’ A mixed method cross sectional design including 330 pupils and 12 teachers from elementary Montessori education is used in order to compare the perceptions of the pupils and teachers on the cooperative skills of the pupils to the actual cooperative skills of the pupils. The findings of the study suggest that: There is a relationship between the perception of the pupils and the perception of the teachers on the cooperative skills of the pupils; There is no relationship between the perception of the pupils on their cooperative skills and their actual cooperative skills; There is no relationship between the perception of the teachers and the actual cooperative skills of the pupil; Teachers believe especially communicative skills are necessary for effective cooperative learning. The findings indicate that there is a mismatch between the perception of pupils and teachers and the actual cooperative skills. Therefore it is desirable in research and in education to draw more attention to the perception on cooperative skills. It is also found that the questionnaires used in this study to measure cooperative skills of pupils might not measure cooperative skills correctly. It is desirable to further validate the questionnaire to this subject.Show less
In this thesis we discuss Poisson matchings, which can be seen as ’random graphs’ with an infinite set of random vertices U ⊂ R. The set ’U’ is the set of ’arrival times’ in a Poisson process. It...Show moreIn this thesis we discuss Poisson matchings, which can be seen as ’random graphs’ with an infinite set of random vertices U ⊂ R. The set ’U’ is the set of ’arrival times’ in a Poisson process. It is our goal to gain more insight in a specific matching type called the ’stable multi-matching’, which has some extra nice properties. We are mainly concerned with the question whether infinite components exist in these random graphs . In this paper we will study this question for the stable multi-matching with a specific degree distribution. Showing the existence of an infinite component in this matching is still an open question, but an overwhelming amount of simulation results seems to suggest a positive answer. We will also add our simulation results in support of the conjecture that such an infinite component does exist (with probability 1). We will mainly use and study the work of Alexander Holroyd and for many results will refer to his papers on this subject. Also, we try to give the reader some impression of the arguments involved in proving statements about geometric properties of the Poisson matchings. Intuitively some of these problems can seem misleadingly simple, but often there’s many subtleties and difficult mathematics involved in proving statements about geometric properties. So, don’t be misleaded by easy questions with difficult answers!Show less
Master thesis | Cultural Anthropology and Development Sociology (MSc)
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This thesis is a result of anthropological research that I conducted at the Volkenkunde Museum in Leiden (Museum of Ethnology). The research is about the change in the organization of the museum in...Show moreThis thesis is a result of anthropological research that I conducted at the Volkenkunde Museum in Leiden (Museum of Ethnology). The research is about the change in the organization of the museum in the last 25 years. The change of organization had an influence on the decision making process and consequently on the image that is being formed in exhibitions. The aim of this thesis is to explain how image-forming is been done in a decision making process. Specifically I will do this in relation to permanent and temporary Indonesian exhibitions at the museum. I use the term ‘imagined community’, introduced by Benedict Anderson, to show that the image that is formed in Indonesian exhibitions is an imagined one. When the museum went through a change of organization in the 1990’s, it also redecorated the exhibition halls. For the discussion on the new design of the museum I use the distinction made in Sally Price’s book ‘“primitive art in civilized places” between objects displayed in art and ethnology museum. As a case study I will describe my internship at the Volkenkunde Museum on the Queen Wilhelmina doll collection.Show less
Master thesis | Cultural Anthropology and Development Sociology (MSc)
open access
This thesis investigates the ways in which metalfans in the Netherlands cope with prejudice and stigma. This thesis explores the collectivity of metalfans in order to explain how the group they...Show moreThis thesis investigates the ways in which metalfans in the Netherlands cope with prejudice and stigma. This thesis explores the collectivity of metalfans in order to explain how the group they belong to attaches great importance to authenticity. The concept of authenticity is used to show how the issues that contribute to prejudice and stereotypes about metalfans and the metalscene, are also the issues that contribute to being a more authentic metalfan. Another major issue is the indiffernt reaction of metalfans to their stigmatization and the prejudices that exist, which is in conclusion also explained through the authenticity concept.Show less
Master thesis | Cultural Anthropology and Development Sociology (MSc)
open access
The thesis looks at how collectors of three types of dolls (Barbie, Blythe, Ball-jointed dolls)shape their collections, how they form a relationship with the collected objects and how collectors...Show moreThe thesis looks at how collectors of three types of dolls (Barbie, Blythe, Ball-jointed dolls)shape their collections, how they form a relationship with the collected objects and how collectors interact with each other both online and offline.Show less
This thesis investigates the relationship between the Russian tsarist state and the four most important Russian Christian sects, the Khlysty, Skoptsy, Dukhobors, and Molokans, in the period 1801...Show moreThis thesis investigates the relationship between the Russian tsarist state and the four most important Russian Christian sects, the Khlysty, Skoptsy, Dukhobors, and Molokans, in the period 1801-1881. First the developments of the Russian Orthodox Church and the tsarist state following the Russian Orthodox Church schism (raskol), which gave rise to Russian religious dissent, are discussed, before moving on to an in-depth assessment of the history and beliefs of the four sects mentioned above. In the second part of the thesis the attitudes of the three tsars that ruled Russia between 1801 and 1881, Alexander I, Nicholas I, and Alexander II, are clarified, before the views of the sectarians on the policies of the three rulers are considered. It is then argued that these rulers, and Nicholas I specifically, vilified the sectarians as class of (imaginary) enemies as part of their state formation policies. In practice this meant the (forced) expulsion of many of the sectarians to the fringes of the Russian empire. The sectarians themselves, in turn, developed tools to cope with these conditions, and in some cases in their new role as frontier colonists became the epitome of Russianness in the multi-ethnic regions of the empire. This thesis therefore not only pays attention to the changing political situation of tsarist Russia in the nineteenth century and the state views on sectarianism, but also to the ways in which marginalized groups outside the Russian Orthodox Church reconciled their religious and ethnic identities with the demands of the state.Show less
