El voseo chileno está muy presente en la sociedad chilena, pero parece estar estigmatizado todavía. Este trabajo tiene como enfoque por un lado la descripción del uso de las fórmulas de tratamiento...Show moreEl voseo chileno está muy presente en la sociedad chilena, pero parece estar estigmatizado todavía. Este trabajo tiene como enfoque por un lado la descripción del uso de las fórmulas de tratamiento, y por otro lado la actitud que tienen los chilenos hacia el voseo. La hipótesis principal de este trabajo es: “los hombres eligen más el voseo que las mujeres”. Para averiguar si esto es así, se hizo una investigación en Chile a través de encuestas. En estas encuestas el participante tuvo que elegir entre las formas verbales de tuteo, ustedeo y voseo. A través de los datos de la investigación se puede concluir que la hipótesis es correcta: los hombres eligen más el voseo que las mujeres. A la hora de comparar los datos con otros estudios, se ve que las fórmulas de tratamiento no han cambiado mucho en los últimos 30 años. También se puede suponer que el voseo está todavía estigmatizado ya que el voseo fue elegido con menos frecuencia, como es usado en el habla real como se puede ver en estudios anteriores.Show less
This thesis exposes ambivalences in Dutch approaches to psychiatric practice and discourse in the late colonial state of the Netherlands Indies. In addition to historical studies on psychoanalytic...Show moreThis thesis exposes ambivalences in Dutch approaches to psychiatric practice and discourse in the late colonial state of the Netherlands Indies. In addition to historical studies on psychoanalytic definitions of the normal Javanese psyche and subaltern resistance in the colony, this thesis also elaborates on the actual methods of diagnosis and treatment that were offered, subsequently exposing a syntheses between European and Javanese healing traditions.Show less
This account details the 17th century career of Jacques Cailhaut de La Tesserie in the service of the Dutch Verenigde Oost-Indische Compagnie. The writer hoped to convince his reader to procure for...Show moreThis account details the 17th century career of Jacques Cailhaut de La Tesserie in the service of the Dutch Verenigde Oost-Indische Compagnie. The writer hoped to convince his reader to procure for him a position in the new Compagnie française des Indes orientales. From this account, as well as sources in the colonial archives of France, Canada and the Netherlands, a picture can be formed of de La Tesserie as an all-round colonial careerist straddling early modern boundaries. In the span of thirty years he served in such far-flung places as the jungles of Formosa, the empire of Japan, the trading hub of Batavia, the coasts of Persia and India, the Canadian Shield and the Hudson and St. Lawrence river valleys. During this time he fought the Spanish, Chinese and Iroquois, participated in trading ventures across the Chinese Sea and Indian Oceans, was an associate of a pelt-trading consortium in northern Canada and member of the highest governmental organ of French North America, even serving shortly as its governor-general. It is the aim of this paper to bring into focus which factors were present in the decision-making process of de La Tesserie, and to what extent they were significant. To answer the question posed, this work will retell the three distinct phases through which the life of de La Tesserie ran. During each of these phases he attempted to carry through, a choice which would radically alter his life. The first is de La Tesserie joining the VOC, the second is him exchanging the VOC for the colony of Nouvelle- France, and the third is his attempt to join the CFIO. Every choice has been divided into three further parts, each detailing the background in which the choice was made, which factors might have contributed to it, and how the decision eventually played out. Thus a picture is painted of how a young man from France ended up in Canada, with a detour through the Far East.Show less
In deze scriptie zijn de onderwijsrapporten uit 1836-1863 op nationaal en een gedeelte van de rapporten op lokaal niveau vergeleken met de denkbeelden van de Maatschappij tot Nut van 't Algemeen,...Show moreIn deze scriptie zijn de onderwijsrapporten uit 1836-1863 op nationaal en een gedeelte van de rapporten op lokaal niveau vergeleken met de denkbeelden van de Maatschappij tot Nut van 't Algemeen, een belangrijke actor in het publieke debat over onderwijs. De onderwijsvisie die in de rapporten naar voren komt sluit aan bij het Nutsidee: Onderwijs moest zich richten op verstands- en zedelijke ontwikkeling, zodat het onderwijs zou bijdragen aan het ware volksgeluk, waarin veiligheid, welvaart en geluk centraal staan. Daarnaast is de invloed van de diverse besluiten en wetswijzigingen in deze periode bestudeerd. Deze besluiten, die uitmonden in onderwijsvrijheid en een neutrale openbare school, hadden vrij weinig invloed op het uitoefenen van toezicht: De schoolopzieners namen in deze gehele periode een pragmatisch houding aan bij het uitvoeren van hun taken, terwijl het nationale debat en de wetgeving een sterk ideologische lading hadden.Show less
What is war to whom? The troops roaming on Java in the late seventeenth century were of all shapes and colours. Some came from Sulawesi, some from Madura; some were religious others acquisitive....Show moreWhat is war to whom? The troops roaming on Java in the late seventeenth century were of all shapes and colours. Some came from Sulawesi, some from Madura; some were religious others acquisitive. Usually they operated in small units known as war-bands led by a warlord. Despite the differences between these war-bands, many of them did gather and fight under a single banner. Often they hurdled behind overlords -sunans or sultans- who were in need for additional brawn; a competitive market of martial supply and demand resulted. The king with the most men usually won. Even the Dutch East India Company (VOC) was part of this market and relied on indigenous patrol. In 1677, the Company decided to support the Central Javanese realm called Mataram and thus landed in a diplomatic struggle for troops. This thesis wonders how VOC men reported on these warriors and what clues are given of a Javanese military labour market at odds with the European one. The Dutch commanders would soon find out drawing in allies was as important as winning battles; the extent to which they could enter the networks of warlords and rulers thereby determined much of their victory. This thesis tells how far they did in the two chaotic and bloody years of 1677 and 1678.Show less
