This study tries to gain knowledge about the relation crochet plays within feminist crochet communities, in the sense of how crochet communities empower women through feminist principles, fostering...Show moreThis study tries to gain knowledge about the relation crochet plays within feminist crochet communities, in the sense of how crochet communities empower women through feminist principles, fostering intergenerational connections, and a strong sense of belonging, within the Brussels (Belgium) crochet feminist club. While crochet is still being gendered as a craft, the study aims to understand the motives and the factors that contribute to the sense of belonging within the community. It also unravels the importance of crochet intertwined with a form of feminist standpoint:crochet can convey feminist statements and actions, when they empower women.Show less
In the face of neoliberalist trends, Indigenous Peoples’ ways of life are, and have been constantly under threat. Women in particular face heightened discrimination and sexual violence. Holding...Show moreIn the face of neoliberalist trends, Indigenous Peoples’ ways of life are, and have been constantly under threat. Women in particular face heightened discrimination and sexual violence. Holding roughly half of the world’s biodiversity and 23% of global forests, Latin America plays a central role within this discussion (OECD 2023). The combination, then, of Latin America and Indigenous Peoples is paramount. This research embarks on the issue of climate change, and the resulting “Energy Transition”, starting with a broad lens and zooming into one specific and crucial component: the Indigenous world. Therein, Indigenous female positionality within the Energy Transition, and specifically the impacts that lithium mining have on them is discussed. This thesis aims to elucidate how green initiatives can have negative consequences, providing information which may be utilized to ensure that the transition does not “perpetuate the violations and abuses currently plaguing extractive and other fossil-fuel related projects” (United Nations, General Assembly 3, 2023). It does so by positing: “How have Indigenous women in Bolivia been impacted by the “Energy Transition”? The inspiring stories of empowered women that follow provide an insight into the resilience and determination that a historically overlooked societal group has, and continues to show in Bolivia. Key works of Decolonial Feminism and Colonialism are used throughout.Show less
In the contemporary age, e-governance as an approach to urban politics aims at strengthening the connectivity amongst various stakeholders. Avenues for discourse between governments and the public...Show moreIn the contemporary age, e-governance as an approach to urban politics aims at strengthening the connectivity amongst various stakeholders. Avenues for discourse between governments and the public are provided through digital platforms. This is done with the intent of establishing a citizen-centric environment. In South Korea, succeeding democratization in the late 1970s and 1980s, citizens as integral to public administration came to the forefront in contemporary urban life. Seoul and Incheon represent two major smart cities, for which digital technologies are the foundation. In South Korea, swift developments in e-governance have consequently resulted in a research gap. To challenge this, the study considers the primary digital government platforms of Seoul and Incheon. Through a content analysis, the effectiveness of the platforms in building social capital and citizen-centricity is deduced. Then, the outcome is interpreted through a revised ladder of citizen participation. The results signify various opportunities and flaws in its e-governance. In Seoul, connectivity as a means of boosting civic empowerment is addressed effectively. Still, citizens are limited in the co-creation process of daily urban policies. In Incheon, basic elements of open data and communication are addressed. Yet, consequences of citizen’s input remain largely unaddressed. South Korean policy makers may therefore take note of these repercussions to establish a more effective and efficient digital platform apparatus.Show less
This bachelor's thesis delves into how the European Union (EU) navigates its energy security objectives alongside sustainability goals in multilateral negotiations with African countries, regarding...Show moreThis bachelor's thesis delves into how the European Union (EU) navigates its energy security objectives alongside sustainability goals in multilateral negotiations with African countries, regarding renewable resources. It scrutinizes whether the EU's pursuit of renewable energy projects in Africa primarily serves its own energy security needs, potentially overshadowing Africa's development, and sustainable development goals. Furthermore, the study underscores the symbiotic relationship between the EU's energy security concerns and Africa's renewable energy potential, while considering the implications of neocolonialist dynamics in EU-Africa energy relations. Hence, the thesis aims to answer the research question of how the EU's negotiations with African countries contribute to enhancing its energy security through diversification and access to renewable resources.Show less
Hostile architecture is a relatively new technology combatting nuisance in cities related to minority groups. In Rotterdam, a homelessness crisis has led to an extensive set of hostile design...Show moreHostile architecture is a relatively new technology combatting nuisance in cities related to minority groups. In Rotterdam, a homelessness crisis has led to an extensive set of hostile design features. Through literature and a case study, hostile architecture is reviewed and the (dis)advantages are weighed. The example of Rotterdam is analysed and provides valuable insights into processes of public space. Recommendations are proposed, both for Rotterdam and for cities in general.Show less
National identity can be seen as one of the most important factors in the construction and maintenance of a nation. Benedict Anderson emphasizes this importance in his theory of an “Imagined...Show moreNational identity can be seen as one of the most important factors in the construction and maintenance of a nation. Benedict Anderson emphasizes this importance in his theory of an “Imagined Political Community”, whereby a subconscious feeling of belonging is needed within a group in order to establish the existence and continuation of a nation. However, this feeling of belonging is not automatically established, but requires the help of several concepts that can define an identity. Language, culture and history can be seen as three overarching concepts that aid in the feeling of belonging, thereby aiding in the construction of a nation identity felt within a nation. Oftentimes, the state within a nation makes use of these concepts to further emphasize the way its population should feel connected to their nation, and thereby the state. However, while looking at Arab states, entire populations do not necessarily align with state-led views, allowing for the formation of minorities. Two such minorities within Arab states are the Swahili speaking Zinjibaris in Oman and the Nubians in Egypt. While differing in history, as the Zinjibaris have only been present in Oman since the 1960s, and the Nubians since the pharaonic era, each minority is still able to find themselves as minorities within an Arab majority. This thesis thereby focuses on the extent to which each of these minorities aligns themselves with the state-led views on national identity and that of the majority population of each respective country. Each of the minorities is able to negotiate and construct their national identities within the framework of state-led national identity formation in different ways. Keeping the concepts language, culture and history in mind, the Zinjibaris are able to find themselves in the state’s perspective of a culturally diverse Omani national identity. In contrast, the Nubians are not able to find themselves within the Egyptian state-led views of a religiously diverse country, whereby Nubian heritage preservation takes the primary role in the Nubian perspective of national identity. Thus, portraying the difference in the way minorities are able to feel a sense of belonging in their countries of residence.Show less
