An article by Cameron Mann suggests that the stories of King Arthur and the Arabian Nights are very similar in origin and development. According to Mann, The religious aspects of both stories would...Show moreAn article by Cameron Mann suggests that the stories of King Arthur and the Arabian Nights are very similar in origin and development. According to Mann, The religious aspects of both stories would also be similar. The goal of this thesis is to see if Mann was right. The research question is therefore: what is the role of religion in the stories of King Arthur and the Arabian Nights? The thesis consists of three parts. First a comparison of the origins of both stories, to see if they are actually similar. The second chapter is a deep-dive into the religious elements in the story of King Arthur and their role they play. This will be done by examining different authors, who added different christian elements depending on their historical context. The final chapter is about the islamic elements in the Arabian Nights and how these elements reflect the society of the time the stories were told. The conclusion is that both stories were created in completely different contexts and also that the role of the religious elements are not as similar as Mann suggested.Show less
Andalusian music is performed today all over the Mediterranean and beyond. Why? There is not one kind of music that we can characterize as being from al-Andalus. Jewish and Christian peoples had...Show moreAndalusian music is performed today all over the Mediterranean and beyond. Why? There is not one kind of music that we can characterize as being from al-Andalus. Jewish and Christian peoples had musical traditions before the arrival of the Muslims, who brought along musicians from the East. There was reciprocal influence between traditions, but likely there remained separate identities to a certain extent. From the 15th century, great numbers of Jews, Muslims, or converted people were forced in different installments to leave the Iberian Peninsula. These people brought along elements of their home culture to their new destinations. This forms the basis for most contemporary traditions of Andalusian music. These traditions and their different claims on the identity and purpose of the music, provide telling insights into the narratives on Andalusian music of today. For this reason, I discuss a handful of primary sources, discussing either performances of Andalusian music or ensembles of Andalusian music. Three main narratives emerge, the first being the Islamic Golden Age narrative. It looks back on Al-Andalus as the highpoint of Islamic civilization and culture, and Andalusian music then is instrumentalized as a nostalgic tool and symbol of the ‘ideal’ al-Andalus. The second narrative is that of local heritage. This narrative focusses on the locally cultivated traditions of Andalusian music, that have both a stark regional identity and its own claim to al-Andalus and a certain authenticity. The last main narrative observed is that centered on the European Convivencia ideal, full of nostalgia for a time of peaceful tolerance and collaboration between ‘the three religions’.Show less
In dit eindwerkstuk wordt onderzoek gedaan naar de kennismigratie van vrouwen uit Turkije. Het onderzoek geeft verklaringen voor het vormen van een vertrekintentie en het uiteindelijke besluit om...Show moreIn dit eindwerkstuk wordt onderzoek gedaan naar de kennismigratie van vrouwen uit Turkije. Het onderzoek geeft verklaringen voor het vormen van een vertrekintentie en het uiteindelijke besluit om te vertrekken. Dit wordt gedaan door allereerst naar de politieke, sociaal-economische en sociaal-culturele factoren te kijken die trigger vormen voor het ontwikkelen van vertrekintentie. Vervolgens wordt het gehele proces dat doorlopen wordt door een kennismigrant behandeld. Daarbij wordt eerst ingegaan op het onderwijssysteem, vervolgens de arbeidsmarkt en arbeidsparticipatie en uiteindelijk kennismigratie. Als laatste in Hoofdstuk 3 wordt dieper ingezoomd op de genderdimensie in kennismigratie. Naast een vragenlijst gericht naar zowel mannen als vrouwen die gemigreerd naar Nederland zijn, zijn diepte-interviews gehouden met hoogopgeleide gemigreerde vrouwen die werkzaam zijn bij een groot internationaal bank. De resultaten van dit onderzoek laten zien dat verschillende thema’s zoals onderwijs, niet hebben van een vooruitzicht en de economische ondergang of voorspellingen van economische ondergang als belangrijkste triggers worden geformuleerd door de geïnterviewden. Een nieuw thema geïntroduceerd als resultaat in de interviews is de internationale mindset en directe omgeving met voorbeelden van vertrek. Dit is gedeeltelijk te herleiden naar de westerse manier van onderwijzen, de privé-universiteiten die in de jaren 1980 geopend werden die meer georiënteerd zijn naar het westen en de sociale omgeving. Een verklaring die vrouwen geven voor vrouwen die vertrekken is de globale mindset, onderwijs en sociale omgeving die meer openheid en lef biedt aan vrouwen. Verder onderzoek is nodig om verschillen tussen kennismigranten in verschillende periodes van tijd te onderzoeken, omdat dit onderzoek geen onderscheid maakt in specifiekere periodes van kennismigratie. Dit zou voor de laatste vijf jaar (na de couppoging en de hyperinflatie) anders kunnen zijn dan de migratie daarvoor.Show less
Abstract There is only a small number of rhyming translations of the Qur’ān in European languages, while there are none at all in Dutch. Because of that in this thesis I research the possibility of...Show moreAbstract There is only a small number of rhyming translations of the Qur’ān in European languages, while there are none at all in Dutch. Because of that in this thesis I research the possibility of translating the Qur’ān into rhyming rhythmic Dutch prose, considering the sound-meaning conflation, meaning that the meaning of Arabic words in the Holy Book can be intensified by the sound of that word, and besides that, repeating a certain sound can contribute to the atmosphere and message of a sura. Maybe a rhyming rhytmic translation of the Qur’ān that is a pleasant reading and that touches the heart as well is useful for many Muslims that don’t speak the Arabic language. An attempt is made to answer this research question by means of studying literature on the Islamic debate on inimitability and translatability of the Qur’ān and the occurence of saj‘ in it, and the conditions saj‘ must meet, as well as the theories on translating the sound of the Qur’ān of Shawkat Toorawa and Waleed Bleyhesh al-Amri, and above that by a case study on translating six suras: Q. 93, Q 97, Q. 100, Q. 112, Q,113 and Q. 114. The research has shown that it is possible to translate these sura’s from Arabic into rhyming rhythmic Dutch prose, considering the sound-meaning conflation, with exegetic notes helping to clarify uncertainties, and to justify translation choices. Subsequently not much meaning was lost compared to other translations. Note, however, that a translation will never be equal to the original, whether it is related to problems of translation in general or the impossibility of translating the word of God. And because the rhyme was my first concern, it was not always possible to find special words for hapaxes, or to find words with the same sound as in Arabic. Perhaps more time will be required to accomplish this or perhaps a bilingual researcher will be able to do so. Sometimes I had to deviate from more common interpretations of the meaning because the rhyme was my first concern.Show less
This research investigates the factors contributing to a change in the anti-Semitic discourse used by some Palestinian Syrian Dutch individuals (PSDs) during their participation in pro-Palestine...Show moreThis research investigates the factors contributing to a change in the anti-Semitic discourse used by some Palestinian Syrian Dutch individuals (PSDs) during their participation in pro-Palestine protests in the Netherlands. Based on interviews conducted with five PSDs, this study has focused on studying the impact of different factors leading to a new understanding of anti-Semitism. The findings indicate that a shift away from the use of anti-Semitic rhetoric took place amongst the participants, as observed in four different aspects. While this does not necessarily mean that anti-Semitism is not present, the general trend indicates a shift toward a more inclusive discourse in the future. As such, it is important to consider these factors that helped change this rhetoric and take them into account in the context of discussing anti-Semitic discourse in pro-Palestinian demonstrations taking place in the Netherlands.Show less
The status of women in Iran has been extensively discussed in academic literature. This paper focused on how women in Iran are being portrayed by the media in historiography, classical literature...Show moreThe status of women in Iran has been extensively discussed in academic literature. This paper focused on how women in Iran are being portrayed by the media in historiography, classical literature and novels, newspapers, television, films and drama serials. This literature overview demonstrates that women in Iran are underrepresented and invariably displayed within the framework of ignorant housewives, caring mothers and sex slaves or entertainers (of their husband). This perception contradicts with the actual representativeness of women within the Iranian media culture with regard to what they themselves strive for: exposing and combating gender inequality. Since the 19th century women in Iran have started to develop and organize women's organizations to fight for women’s rights by participating in political demonstrations and institutions. With the advent of the internet, Iranian women could communicate online about women-related topics. The increased influence of social media apps, such as Facebook and Instagram, enabled Iranian women's activism to develop to the fullest. Masih Alinejad's contributions on Facebook and Instagram are an example of this. Her successful My Stealthy Freedom- movement has raised awareness about the position of the Iranian woman in general and specifically about the mandatory hijab rule. This paper conducted a qualitative content analysis on forty of Masih Alinejad’s Instagram-posts in May 2022 to demonstrate how she contributes to the social debate on the position of women in Iranian society. The research demonstrated that Alinejad informs her Instagram followers with personal journalistic stories and then tries to stir up the moral consciousness of her followers. Thereafter, Alinejad motives her followers to take action to improve women’s status in Iran and the rest of the world. Alinejad’s online activism has not (yet) induced governmental policy changes in Iran, however her movement has contributed to the advancement of Iranian women's rights movement in size and reach.Show less
Bu araştırmanın konusu Elif Shafak’ın en son Kıbrıs’taki anlaşmazlık hakkında olan kitabı ‘Ağaçları kayıp olan Ada’daki hatıra söylemleri olmaktadır. Yirminci asrın başlangıcında Rum ile Türk...Show moreBu araştırmanın konusu Elif Shafak’ın en son Kıbrıs’taki anlaşmazlık hakkında olan kitabı ‘Ağaçları kayıp olan Ada’daki hatıra söylemleri olmaktadır. Yirminci asrın başlangıcında Rum ile Türk Kıbrıslıların arasında gerilimlerin ortaya çıkmasıyla, şimdiki siyasi hedeflere ulaşmak için geçmişle şimdiki zaman hakkında çeşitli hikayeler oluşturulmuştur. Bu hikayeler çoğunlukla Sağ ile Sol siyasal akımlarına göre ayırt edilebilir; Sağdakiler kendi etnik grubunun katlanması gereken haksız eziyetini vurgularken ve milliyetçi düşünceleri savunurken, Soldakiler ortak eziyeti vurgular ve milliyetçiliği aşmak ister. Bu hikayeler hatıra bilimleri bölümünde ‘hatıra söylemleri’ olarak bilinir ve aynı olaylar hakkında farklı gruplar tarafından çeşitli hatıraların oluşturulmasına atfetmektedir. Shafak’ın kitabı Kıbrıs’taki anlaşmazlık hakkında olan ilk roman olduğuna göre, anlaşmazlığın edebiyattaki sunması hakkında bugüne dek hiçbir akademik araştırma yapılmamıştır. Bu nedeniyle, bu araştırmanın amacı Shafak’ın kitabında belirli bir hatıra söylemi kullanıp kullanmaması ve kullanmışsa Kıbrıs’taki anlaşmazlığın hakkında olan hatıra söylemlerine uyup uymadığını ortaya çıkarmak olmaktadır. Bu araştırmanın metodolojisi qualitative content analysis, yani kategorizasyon aracılığıyla elde edilmiş verilerin derinlemesine analiz olmaktadır. Bu yöntemin bulguları Shafak’ın Sağcı ve milliyetçi düşüncelerinin romanında tanımlaması, ama desteklememesi olmaktadır. Aksine, kitap milliyetçiliği karşılamak amacıyla çoğunlukla milliyetçiliği aşan ve hem Rum hem Türk Kıbrıslılar için ortak bir Kıbrıslı kimlik sağlamaktadır.Show less
Het doel van deze scriptie is om de impact van de COVID-19-pandemie op het Turkse onderwijs te onderzoeken. Het Turkse onderwijs kampte al voor de pandemie met ernstige problemen, zoals...Show moreHet doel van deze scriptie is om de impact van de COVID-19-pandemie op het Turkse onderwijs te onderzoeken. Het Turkse onderwijs kampte al voor de pandemie met ernstige problemen, zoals kansenongelijkheid. Door kansenongelijkheid hadden sommige leerlingen geen toegang tot ICT-voorzieningen. Tijdens de pandemie werd er overgestapt naar het afstandsonderwijs, waardoor de verschillen in toegang tot technologie, oftewel de digitale kloof, verergerden. Alhoewel de digitale kloof impactvol was voor alle middelbare scholieren, was het mogelijk problematischer voor 12e-klassers. Zij bereidden zich namelijk voor op de toelatingstoets voor de universiteit. Er zijn echter geen onderzoeken die de gevolgen voor 12e-klassen in de context van de digitale kloof onderzoeken. Om dit (gedeeltelijk) tegemoet te komen, is een enquête gehouden. Uit de enquêteresultaten bleek dat onvoldoende technologische mogelijkheden het grootste obstakel vormde. Leerlingen konden hun lessen niet bijwonen of voortzetten door verbindingsproblemen met het netwerk/systeem, dat werd veroorzaakt door het ontbreken van een (stabiele) internetverbinding. De digitale kloof, en kansenongelijkheid, had aanzienlijk meer gevolgen voor leerlingen die in een dorp woonden, en/of naar openbare scholen gingen. Ook is geconstateerd dat door COVID-19 kansenongelijkheid is toegenomen, doordat sommige leerlingen privélessen kregen of naar een dershane gingen en anderen niet. Tot slot speelt ongelijkheid in onderwijskwaliteit tussen 12e-klassers van tijdens COVID, en 12e-klassers van voorgaande jaren.Show less
