Het anarchisme in Nederland kent een lange traditie van het provoceren van de staat die teruggaat tot in de jaren tachtig van de negentiende eeuw. Tijdens het interbellum werd zowel op straat als...Show moreHet anarchisme in Nederland kent een lange traditie van het provoceren van de staat die teruggaat tot in de jaren tachtig van de negentiende eeuw. Tijdens het interbellum werd zowel op straat als in tijdschriften zoals Alarm en De Moker geageerd tegen kapitalisme, militarisme, parlement en koningshuis. In dit onderzoek is een antwoord gezocht op de vraag hoe door Nederlandse anarchisten in het interbellum humor werd gebruikt bij het provoceren van de staat.Show less
This thesis investigates the impact of fascist ideas and practices on anticolonial nationalism in late colonial Indonesia (primarily 1935-42). Focusing on the example of Partai Indonesia Raya ...Show moreThis thesis investigates the impact of fascist ideas and practices on anticolonial nationalism in late colonial Indonesia (primarily 1935-42). Focusing on the example of Partai Indonesia Raya (Parindra) and its youth organization Surya Wirawan, it aims at bringing together disparate historiographies on fascism, anticolonial nationalism, and Indonesian intellectual history. Moreover, it traces the first 'birth pangs' of Indonesian paramilitarism back to the late colonial period, thus arguing against the commonly held view explaining the militarization of Indonesian politics merely as an effect of the Japanese occupation (1942-45). Therefore, this thesis uncovers traces of a 'homegrown' tradition of paramilitarism that drew a considerable part of its inspiration from fascist role models. For the purpose of this study, fascism is applied as a heuristic tool to ask hitherto avoided questions about organizations like Parindra that have long been labeled as 'cooperative' nationalist parties. In doing so, this thesis considers Indonesia as one of the countless (emerging) nations that were receptive to the global fascist hype in the 1930s.Show less
Research master thesis | Linguistics (research) (MA)
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The current study is an acoustic investigation of the three-way obstruent contrast between voiceless aspirated, voiceless unaspirated and voiced stops in the medial position of tone sandhi domains...Show moreThe current study is an acoustic investigation of the three-way obstruent contrast between voiceless aspirated, voiceless unaspirated and voiced stops in the medial position of tone sandhi domains in Lili Wu Chinese, a language that has an aspiration-induced tonal split in lexical tones. The main focus of the thesis was to examine the acoustic realizations of the three-way stop contrast. By analyzing acoustic data from twenty old-generation Lili Wu native speakers, we found that f0 perturbation was employed by speakers to contrast phonological voicing: voiced stops introduced lower f0 contours to the following vowels than the voiceless ones. Durational data on consonant release (c/v ratio) and difference in phonation types (H1*-H2*) were adopted as two cues to contrast aspiration: voiceless aspirated stops tend to be associated with greater c/v ratio and H1*-H2* differences than voiceless unaspirated ones.Show less
In dit onderzoek is aan de hand van de Hanserecessen onderzocht welke verandering er plaatsvond in de rol die de vorsten en steden van het Oostzeegebied speelden in de piraterijbestrijding op de...Show moreIn dit onderzoek is aan de hand van de Hanserecessen onderzocht welke verandering er plaatsvond in de rol die de vorsten en steden van het Oostzeegebied speelden in de piraterijbestrijding op de Oostzee tussen 1259 en 1500. Ook de reden voor deze verandering is onderzocht.Show less
De Nederlandse zendeling H.A.C. Hildering (1898-1986) was een van de weinige zendelingen die tijdens de oorlog in Indonesië zijn zendingswerk op Oost-Java hervatte. Hij had nauwe contacten met de...Show moreDe Nederlandse zendeling H.A.C. Hildering (1898-1986) was een van de weinige zendelingen die tijdens de oorlog in Indonesië zijn zendingswerk op Oost-Java hervatte. Hij had nauwe contacten met de Indonesische en Chinese bevolking, hoorde via hen over oorlogsmisdaden en publiceerde deze. Tegelijkertijd had hij ook veel contact met het Nederlandse koloniale bestuur en het Nederlandse leger. Hoe positioneerde hij zichzelf tijdens deze oorlog en welke spanningen brachten zijn nauwe contacten met Indonesiërs en het Nederlandse koloniale bestuur?Show less
This thesis asks: what was the intellectual attitude towards nature in late Renaissance Europe? To this end, it finds that De Boodt’s illustrated albums throw fresh light on an old question. It is...Show moreThis thesis asks: what was the intellectual attitude towards nature in late Renaissance Europe? To this end, it finds that De Boodt’s illustrated albums throw fresh light on an old question. It is the intention of this study to explore the relation between developments in empirical and emblematic approaches to natural history, especially in visual representations, through the examination of the work of an individual who was involved in all three. The works of Anselmus de Boodt demonstrate that he drew on a variety of approaches to the study of the world and is therefore representative of the late Renaissance intellectual ideal of the polyhistor. The polyhistor as an ideal derived from the desire to achieve a holistic understanding of the world by taking into account its physical as well as symbolic attributes. The study of these attributes is seen retrospectively as the object of empirical and emblematic methodologies respectively, methodologies that are understood as being in conflict. Nonetheless, they are united in the work of De Boodt, as asserted by this study, on the grounds that vision was the point of convergence and departure for both.Show less
This thesis will assess in three case studies the municipal writings of Richard T. Ely, Albert Shaw, and Frederic C. Howe. The contention here is that their work provides valuable examples of the...Show moreThis thesis will assess in three case studies the municipal writings of Richard T. Ely, Albert Shaw, and Frederic C. Howe. The contention here is that their work provides valuable examples of the pluralism and the transnationalism of the Progressive Era in the United States at the turn of the twentieth century. To do so, the approach of this thesis will be to deploy Daniel T. Rodgers’ argument about the role of transnational narratives in the transference of transatlantic reforms. This study will thereby demonstrate the means by which the municipal writings of the three cases studies in question deployed their transnational narratives for the conveyance of foreign reform policies, measures, practices, and concepts.Show less
Research master thesis | Linguistics (research) (MA)
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Many sociolinguistic studies see a difference in the language of men and women. This study explores the differences in gendered language use in the letters written by Marian Evans and those written...Show moreMany sociolinguistic studies see a difference in the language of men and women. This study explores the differences in gendered language use in the letters written by Marian Evans and those written under her better-known male pseudonym, George Eliot. By combining gender theory, social history, and computational linguistics, this study argues that Marian Evans took up a pseudonym and a more masculine writing style to succeed in the male-dominated literary world. Machine learning indeed shows that the letters signed as George Eliot were classified as belonging to a male-writing style.Show less
Research master thesis | Linguistics (research) (MA)
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This thesis is a synchronic study of the derivation of ordinal numerals from cardinal numerals in several different dialects of Dutch, combining a dialectological and a formal linguistic approach....Show moreThis thesis is a synchronic study of the derivation of ordinal numerals from cardinal numerals in several different dialects of Dutch, combining a dialectological and a formal linguistic approach. Ordinals are formed with one of two ordinal suffixes, -de or -ste, both of which occur in all Dutch varieties. However, there is variation among several dialects in Flanders (Belgium): they exhibit stem-suffix combinations which differ from those in Standard Dutch (SD), giving forms like zeven-ste and twaalf-ste for SD zeven-de and twaalf-de. The thesis investigates the patterns of this variation and offers motivations for those patterns. Novel data acquired through an online questionnaire show that there are three patterns: SD, a core Flemish pattern and a transitional pattern in between. These patterns show a clear geographical distribution. I propose that the distribution of the two suffixes can be largely explained by syllable weight in the transitional system and that an analysis in terms of the final stem consonant or in terms of foot weight cannot capture all the facts.Show less
Research master thesis | Asian Studies (research) (MA)
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As influential Chinese Constitutionalists, Liang Qichao and Yanfu were the earliest to introduce and interpret Jean-Jacques Rousseau during the late Qing dynasty. They offered most of the...Show moreAs influential Chinese Constitutionalists, Liang Qichao and Yanfu were the earliest to introduce and interpret Jean-Jacques Rousseau during the late Qing dynasty. They offered most of the interpretations of Rousseau’s thought among intellectuals during the late Qing period mainly by writing articles in the late Qing newspapers. This determined Rousseau’s image and interpretations of some modern Western concepts during this time. This thesis will analyze their interpretations of Rousseau and understandings of some modern political concepts in their articles related to Rousseau in the late Qing newspapers. This will be done as a means to decode how Rousseau and some modern political concepts were interpreted by constitutionalists at the beginning of his introduction. On the whole, Liang Qichao experienced two stages in introducing and interpreting Rousseau's thought. In the first stage from the period of 1899 to 1903, Liang Qichao applauded Rousseau’s thought. However, from the 1904 to 1910 period of the second stage, he started to question and even oppose Rousseau’s thought (this was especially after his visit to America in 1904). Differing from Liang Qichao’s perspective, Yanfu criticized Rousseau during the beginning of his contact with The Social Contract. Yanfu denied Rousseau’s thought as "studies without roots" (无根之学). Meanwhile, he further argued that Rousseau's thought was just dangerous fantasies. Under the political crisis of the late Qing government and missions of saving the state, race, and Confucianism of Chinese intellectuals, Yanfu and Liang Qichao, as Constitutionalists, treated the thought of Western thinkers as tools for saving China from the crisis. Although they held different attitudes towards Rousseau in the beginning, they both eventually criticized Rousseau’s thought as both dangerous and unrealistic. In chapter one, research motivations will be proposed. Next, the literature review of the thesis will be discussed, including the literature review on the research of modern Chinese thought, as well as Rousseau’s role in modern Chinese thought. Then, research methods and sources will be addressed. Chapter two proposes two features of Nakae Chōmin’s translation, namely, Nakae Chōmin’s translation in the Chinese historical context and the tendency toward revolution; from fighting against the tyrant to fighting against the monarchy. In chapter three, Liang Qichao’s interpretations of his approval of Rousseau from 1899 to 1903 will be discussed. Later, chapter four argues Liang Qichao and Yanfu’s critiques of Rousseau from the 1904 to 1910 period. Finally, a conclusion of the thesis will be provided.Show less
Research master thesis | Literary Studies (research) (MA)
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Starting with his first translation in 1976, Allen Ginsberg has been popular among Turkish readers, and since then many young Turkish poets have considered him and his poetry a great influence....Show moreStarting with his first translation in 1976, Allen Ginsberg has been popular among Turkish readers, and since then many young Turkish poets have considered him and his poetry a great influence. Though his poetry has been translated by different publishing houses in different periods, Ginsberg’s recognition has increased in the early 90s with the establishment of the 6:45 publishing house, which started as an underground press with a particular focus on the Beat Generation writers. In this thesis, I will examine the 1976, 1991 and 2008 translations of "Howl" by Allen Ginsberg as published by different publishing houses, and the tripartite relation between the domestication of the source text, the aim of the translator and the perception of the poet by the reader as the text is manipulated by the translation.Show less
Research master thesis | Linguistics (research) (MA)
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In this study, the grammar and basic lexicon of the Sayan languages (Turkic), spoken in Russia and Mongolia, are compared by means of the features found in WALS (Dryer & Haspelmath 2013). The...Show moreIn this study, the grammar and basic lexicon of the Sayan languages (Turkic), spoken in Russia and Mongolia, are compared by means of the features found in WALS (Dryer & Haspelmath 2013). The main goal of this thesis is to provide a comparative study on four Sayan languages, namely Tuvan, Tofa, Soyot, and Dukha. Tuba, the fifth Sayan language, became extinct before it was described and studied and, therefore, it is excluded from the linguistic study. The data in this study came from the grammars by Anderson & Harrison (1999 and 2006, Tuvan), Rassadin (1971, 1978 and 2010, Tofa and Soyot) and Ragagnin (2011, Dukha). Another question that will be discussed in this thesis is the reason why Tuvan is not moribund, while its sister and daughter languages are. To answer this question, I looked at the history of the Sayan peoples and their current social status. Of all Sayan languages, Tofa showed the least Mongolian influences. This is probably because the Tofa people moved away from the Tuva Basin before the Mongols had a linguistic influence on the Tuvan language. Together with data from the grammars and historical information, a Sayan tree diagram is reconstructed. From the history and the current social status of the Sayan peoples could be concluded that the number of speakers and isolation together form the reason why Tuvan is not extinct and flourishes, while the other Sayan languages struggle to survive.Show less
Research master thesis | Linguistics (research) (MA)
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This thesis is a cross-dialectal grammar-sketch of the Western dialect group of Lamaholot, an Austronesian language spoken in Eastern Indonesia. It is a synthesis of the author’s own fieldwork data...Show moreThis thesis is a cross-dialectal grammar-sketch of the Western dialect group of Lamaholot, an Austronesian language spoken in Eastern Indonesia. It is a synthesis of the author’s own fieldwork data with the existing literature on the various dialects that belong to this group. Western Lamaholot has a little over 20 distinct phonemes, a strong tendency towards CV-syllables, and penultimate stress. It has SV and AVP word order but frequently shows fronting of non-focused elements. It makes use of serial verbs and a lot of the function words that are used are grammaticallized serial verbs. Nouns show a distinction between alienable and inalienable possession in possessive constructions. Some verbs are inflected for person and number through prefixes, and intransitive verbs sometimes get subject agreement suffixes. Adjectives, pronouns, and in some dialects demonstratives and numerals get a suffix -n, historically derived from genitive markers, when they are used as noun modifiers. This thesis discusses controversial topics in the Lamaholot literature such as the phonemic status of long vowels, the existence of adjectives as a separate class from verbs, and the exact function of -n. It also lists elements that vary between dialects such as object marking on verbs, word-final consonants, and possessive constructions.Show less
Research master thesis | Linguistics (research) (MA)
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Agreement with conjoined noun phrases is an interesting topic of research for languages that have a gender distinction in the plural. The central aim of this thesis is to provide a comprehensive...Show moreAgreement with conjoined noun phrases is an interesting topic of research for languages that have a gender distinction in the plural. The central aim of this thesis is to provide a comprehensive account of agreement with conjoined noun phrases in one such language: Icelandic. It is generally assumed that there are two agreement options with conjoined noun phrases in languages: resolution and agreement with one conjunct. The focus in this thesis is on the availability of these options in Icelandic, and whether the distribution of resolution is affected by two typological hierarchies: The Individuation Hierarchy and the Agreement Hierarchy. Another principal aim is to establish whether the gender resolution rules that have been described for the language are always used by speakers and to what extent agreement with one conjunct is used. An agreement form elicitation survey was constructed to gain insight into these issues. It was completed by 405 native speakers of Icelandic. The results of this survey indicate that the distribution of resolution in Icelandic is indeed affected by the Individuation Hierarchy, while it does not adhere to the prediction made by the Agreement Hierarchy. This is argued to be due to interaction effects of the two hierarchies and the approach of the present study. Gender resolution rules are followed by speakers in most cases. However, speakers use neuter agreement in resolution where it was not anticipated. The same applies to singular agreement: when agreement with one conjunct was expected, the neuter singular is widely used instead. Two gender defaults are argued to account for these patterns: a normal case default in resolution and an exceptional case default in singular agreement.Show less
Research master thesis | Linguistics (research) (MA)
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This thesis discusses the subsegmental structure of glides and liquids. These segments are characterised by two seemingly contrastive characteristcs: phonological uniformity and phonetic diversity....Show moreThis thesis discusses the subsegmental structure of glides and liquids. These segments are characterised by two seemingly contrastive characteristcs: phonological uniformity and phonetic diversity. It will become apparent that these two contrastive characteristics make glides and liquids unlike other natural classes, which instead show both phonological and phonetic uniformity. This different nature of glides and liquids makes it difficult to establish which phonological features are present in the subsegmental structure of these segments, since it will be shown that features are unable to capture both the phonological uniformity and phonetic diversity at the same time. In order to overcome this problem, this thesis will argue in favour of abandoning a feature-based approach to subsegmental structure and instead resorting to an element-based approach. Unlike features, element are able to capture phonological uniformity and phonetic diversity at the same time. Moreover, it will be shown that the phonetic details and phonological behaviour of glides and liquids supports an element-based approach.Show less
Research master thesis | Asian Studies (research) (MA)
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This thesis moves beyond the dichotomy of analyzing normal and abnormal behavior in Japanese education, and shows that individual experiences in education need to be more thoroughly investigated....Show moreThis thesis moves beyond the dichotomy of analyzing normal and abnormal behavior in Japanese education, and shows that individual experiences in education need to be more thoroughly investigated. Being part of formal education means confrontation with existing forms of knowledge that clash with individual social practices. Although there is a strong argument to be made against the ability to practice resistance in an increasingly neo-liberal environment, this thesis shows the opposite. It is possible to differentiate between complete resistance to the expectations that accompany education and more subtle ways of resistance. In fact, all the respondents in this study have shown some form of resistance and consequently, a reconfiguration of individual behavior. This can be resistance to existing language practices, or a complete rejection of anything associated with being Japanese. This thesis shows that there is a space for resistance in Japanese education that extends well beyond teachers’ classroom practices and into students’ individual behavior. Most importantly, the analysis gives a clear example of how resistance against the neo-liberal economization of the individual can be practiced, and is already being practiced in the framework of Japanese education.Show less
Research master thesis | Classics and Ancient Civilizations (research) (MA)
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This thesis explores the interaction between pre-Socratic philosophy and the Prometheus Bound, a drama normally attributed to Aeschylus. My aim is to investigate the process whereby the dramatist...Show moreThis thesis explores the interaction between pre-Socratic philosophy and the Prometheus Bound, a drama normally attributed to Aeschylus. My aim is to investigate the process whereby the dramatist incorporates theoretical contents elaborated by early Greek philosophers that are in principle alien to his art. What role do such contents play when transposed onstage? And how does the tragedian contribute, through their re-elaboration, to the intellectual debates of his times? By examining the Prometheus Bound against some of the theological, ethical and epistemological notions of the pre-Socratics, this thesis aims at shedding new light on the interconnection between drama and contemporary philosophical speculation.Show less
Research master thesis | Latin American Studies (research) (MA)
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In deze scriptie wordt de ideologische ontwikkeling van de Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia (FARC) beschreven tijdens het presidentschap van Álvaro Uribe (2002 - 2010). Aan de hand van...Show moreIn deze scriptie wordt de ideologische ontwikkeling van de Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia (FARC) beschreven tijdens het presidentschap van Álvaro Uribe (2002 - 2010). Aan de hand van het marxisme-leninisme en belangrijke gebeurtenissen in de Colombiaanse historie wordt geanalyseerd in hoeverre de FARC is veranderd in het uitdragen van haar ideologie.Show less