Deze thesis analyseert de relatie tussen vrijheid van godsdienst en afvalligheid in de Afghaans-Nederlandse gemeenschap. Specifiek richt dit werkstuk zich op twee vragen die de hoofdvragen van dit...Show moreDeze thesis analyseert de relatie tussen vrijheid van godsdienst en afvalligheid in de Afghaans-Nederlandse gemeenschap. Specifiek richt dit werkstuk zich op twee vragen die de hoofdvragen van dit werkstuk vormen: wat betekent afvalligheid voor jonge Afghaanse Nederlanders en hoe leven afvalligen in deze gemeenschap? Aansluitend bij de laatste vraag wordt er ook gekeken naar de ontwikkeling van geloofsafval en wat voor factoren hierbij een rol spelen.Show less
Afghanistan during and after World War 1. The changes which came after the Niedermayer- Von Hentig mission 1915-1916. This led to assassination of Amir Habibullah, because of his neutrality and...Show moreAfghanistan during and after World War 1. The changes which came after the Niedermayer- Von Hentig mission 1915-1916. This led to assassination of Amir Habibullah, because of his neutrality and choosing sides with the British during World War 1. After the 3th Anglo-Afghan War, Amanullah son of Habibullah brought many changes, that were inspired by Mustafa Kemal and Reza Shah.Show less
Research master thesis | Middle Eastern Studies (research) (MA)
open access
This paper seeks to unpick what the term Pax Mongolica actually means and to decide whether or not it is a suitable term to be used in a historical sense. A brief look at the historiographical...Show moreThis paper seeks to unpick what the term Pax Mongolica actually means and to decide whether or not it is a suitable term to be used in a historical sense. A brief look at the historiographical context for this term and how the Mongols' public image has begun to change precede an analysis of sources from across the Mongol world in order to try to find out what Mongol rule meant to contemporaries. Tackling this issue via Persian, European, and non-Muslim sources from Armenia, Georgia and Iraq helps to provide a balanced view of the Mongols across time and space. Each chapter looks at a collection of sources for a picture of initial Mongol destruction to see how far territories under their control could have recovered, before moving on to address the burdens and benefits of Mongol rule for those they conquered. The chapters then end with a quick look at travel and trade (the pillars which Pax Mongolica is built on) across various regions and time periods. An analysis of each set of sources follows per chapter, with potted source studies to begin with for a frame of reference. Finally, a broader overview determining the existence or extent of Pax Mongolica is provided in the conclusion with some suggestions with how to move forward in the historical discourse.Show less
This thesis is about the development in the institutional position of the Iranian clergy between 1953-1979 through the lens of New Institutionalism. In the thesis an overview of the role of the...Show moreThis thesis is about the development in the institutional position of the Iranian clergy between 1953-1979 through the lens of New Institutionalism. In the thesis an overview of the role of the clergy in the decennia leading up to the Islamic Revolution is presented.Show less
This thesis aims to analyse the divergent forms of temporalities and spatilaities within the discourse of soft war. Temporality and spatiality are explored against the greater construct of historic...Show moreThis thesis aims to analyse the divergent forms of temporalities and spatilaities within the discourse of soft war. Temporality and spatiality are explored against the greater construct of historic and cultural identities. By doing so, this paper opens the space for questioning the relation between identity, discourse and time-space as structural elements of narrative. By using a deconstructionist framework, soft war discourse is analysed from a new post-positivist perspective that seeks to understand the instability and constructive nature of the soft war narrative. This paper concludes by suggesting that the different articulations of spatiality and temporality reveal soft war narrative as non-homogenous and disjunctive.Show less
Within his account of the Islamic Revolution, The Priest and the King, Desmond Harney, a former British diplomat in Teheran, made reference to the “old Iranian conviction of ‘the hand of the...Show moreWithin his account of the Islamic Revolution, The Priest and the King, Desmond Harney, a former British diplomat in Teheran, made reference to the “old Iranian conviction of ‘the hand of the English’ (dast-e Englis-ha).” The most obvious manifestations of the British presence in Iran during the 1970s were the British Foreign Office (FCO) and the BBC Persian Service (BBCPS). The BBCPS was significant as a media enterprise, in relation to the heavily censored domestic Iranian media, but also due to the part it played in the triangle which existed between the BBCPS, the British FCO and the Shah. The Shah believed that it was, in part, the BBC that had instigated, or at least promoted, the unrest which resulted in the 1979 revolution. Was this paranoia on the part of the Shah, or was it justified? A consideration of archival sources in the BBC written archives and the FCO archives during the decade preceding the Iranian Revolution helps to elucidate the complex relationship which existed between the BBCPS and the British FCO, while also providing some sort of answers as to why the Shah felt so threatened by the activities of a foreign media institution.Show less
