Indonesia is named the third largest polluter, the second biggest contributor to waste in the oceans, the second highest emitter, and the second biggest deforester of the world. This is worrisome...Show moreIndonesia is named the third largest polluter, the second biggest contributor to waste in the oceans, the second highest emitter, and the second biggest deforester of the world. This is worrisome as Indonesia is home of one third of natural tropical forests, hence the nick-name ‘the lungs of the earth’, and has the second highest level of biodiversity. There has been a growing pressure on the environment caused by industrialization, urbanization and a growing population. Natural resources have been exploited for economic development, and policies and regulations have been neglected or did not exist. But the Indonesians are not blind for this, and it has been my personal observation that an environmental awareness is present in Indonesia. This thesis is a sociological study, analysing the social movement of environmentalism in Indonesia today, in the form of (inter)national organisations, communities and groups performing collective action – including political – in defence of the environment, and individual practices through sustainable lifestyles. The different forms are mainly identified by depending on case studies and (self-)conducted qualitative research. It takes into consideration the impact of environmentalism on Indonesia as a whole, on economics, society, politics, and the environment.Show less
Bachelor thesis | South and Southeast Asian Studies (BA)
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During the 39th World Veg(etari)an festival, which was held in Jakarta in 2010, the International Vegetarian Union manager John Davis said that Indonesia’s vegetarians were ‘one of the biggest...Show moreDuring the 39th World Veg(etari)an festival, which was held in Jakarta in 2010, the International Vegetarian Union manager John Davis said that Indonesia’s vegetarians were ‘one of the biggest vegetarian societies in the world’. Vegetarian and vegan restaurants are mushrooming in the cities, the Indonesian Vegetarian Society and the Vegan Society of Indonesia have a solid base of members, and the number of individual practitioners of the lifestyle appears to be big as well. Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism, and Theosophy all have contributed in some way to the development of vegism in Indonesia, as well as the foundation and spread of the Vegetarian Society via Australia from England, originally focussing on animal-rights. Indonesia is also interesting to analyse for this matter as its traditional diet seems to be well-suited for veg(etari)ans, as it consists of tofu, tempe, jackfruit, many vegetables and fruits, and originally (almost) no dairy products. This thesis analyses the social movement of vegetarianism and veganism as present in Indonesia, focussing on the origins, the organised forms of vegism, as well as zooming in on the individual practitioners, by depending on a (self-)conducted questionnaire, analysing demographics, reasons, the practices and the process.Show less
This thesis tests a hypothesis of Joost Cote. Joost Cote wrote about Indisch Dutch that moved to Australia. Among these migrants were binnen- and buitenkampers. Cote argues that the incarceration...Show moreThis thesis tests a hypothesis of Joost Cote. Joost Cote wrote about Indisch Dutch that moved to Australia. Among these migrants were binnen- and buitenkampers. Cote argues that the incarceration experience consolidated the sense of ‘European-ness’ amongst the Dutch and the Eurasian internees. According to Cote, this difference in war experience shows a fracture within the Indisch community: the Indisch Dutch versus ‘the Hollanders’. This thesis investigates to what extend this fracture was actually present and to what extent this fracture originated in the wartime experience.Show less
