In deze bachelorscriptie wordt gekeken naar Egypte, dat sinds 2005 een onveranderde Freedom House score heeft van 5.5 (PR 6, CL 5) en daarmee de status niet-vrij kent. De hoofdvraag van dit...Show moreIn deze bachelorscriptie wordt gekeken naar Egypte, dat sinds 2005 een onveranderde Freedom House score heeft van 5.5 (PR 6, CL 5) en daarmee de status niet-vrij kent. De hoofdvraag van dit onderzoek is: heeft de Arabische Lente in Egypte geleid tot een transitie van een pseudodemocratie naar een electorale democratie wanneer gekeken wordt naar de functies van politieke partijen?Show less
From 1991 and onwards, Ethiopia has gone through a political transition using ethnicity as the fundamental principle for organizing a federal government. The transition of this change ended in the...Show moreFrom 1991 and onwards, Ethiopia has gone through a political transition using ethnicity as the fundamental principle for organizing a federal government. The transition of this change ended in the newly elected government in August 1995. The country is divided into nine separate federal states based on ethnic identity. The change of the political structure of the country has been radical and pioneering. Radical, in the sense that Ethiopia used to be a centralized and unitary state. Pioneering, in the sense that it has gone further than any African state, and further than 'almost any other state worldwide' (Clapham 2002: 27) in using ethnicity as the principle for organizing the federal state system (Turton 2006: 1). This change was meant to mark a beginning for a more democratized society after decades of political suppression and authoritarianism. Thus, this radical and pioneering, yet fundamental change in the society was received with hopefulness of a better and more democratic tomorrow in Ethiopia. This thesis will look at how the Ethiopian quest for democratization has succeeded.Show less
