This study focuses on the quality of sibling relationships, measured in warmth and conflict, and its association with internalizing- and externalizing-behavior problems in adolescence. For the...Show moreThis study focuses on the quality of sibling relationships, measured in warmth and conflict, and its association with internalizing- and externalizing-behavior problems in adolescence. For the study, 26 sibling pairs aged 8-15 years were included. These were only biological siblings and all lived in or near Leiden. The sibling pairs came to Leiden University to individually complete a VR task and a computer task and to fill out a questionnaire (SRQ-S). The parent also completed a questionnaire (CBCL 6-18 years) during the study. For this study, the CBCL and the SRQ-S were used. For this specific study, the younger sibling was examined because the older sibling influences the younger sibling more than the younger sibling influences the older sibling. The study found that conflict in a sibling relationship was positively related to internalizing behavior problems in the younger sibling. This can be explained by the cognitive model of depression: conflict causes stress and this stress relates to negative distortions of reality. These negative distorions of reality can form negative cognitive schema’s which relate to internalizing problems. There were no associations between warmth and internalizing problems and between warmth, conflict and externalizing problems. These conclusions must take into account that a general population sample was used: there were no high or low rates of warmth, conflict, internalizing and externalizing problems; they were avarage.Show less
This study investigated which 'best practice' elements are used in the current treatment of victims of sibling sexual abuse. The information was collected through interviews with therapists to gain...Show moreThis study investigated which 'best practice' elements are used in the current treatment of victims of sibling sexual abuse. The information was collected through interviews with therapists to gain insight into the different interpretations and views of the therapists. The sample consisted of ten participants (therapists), including three men and seven women, who were invited via a call on the LinkedIn accounts of the lead researchers and by asking three different youth care institutions to distribute the call to their therapists. The study consisted of a semi-structured online interview of 45 minutes to one hour. The participants were individually interviewed by a researcher. The interviews showed that therapists seem to agree on the importance of using evidence-based trauma treatments, such as EMDR and CBT, treating the entire family system or treating parents parallel with the victim and having expertise or being able to refer to colleagues with the right expertise. In addition, explicitly discussing the sibling sexual abuse, making sure the client feels heard and seen and creating a safe therapeutic atmosphere by the therapist were notable themes that recurred in the interviews.Show less
This study examines the association between implicit gender stereotypes of fathers, children, and children’s problem behavior. The Implicit Association Task (IAT) was completed by fathers when...Show moreThis study examines the association between implicit gender stereotypes of fathers, children, and children’s problem behavior. The Implicit Association Task (IAT) was completed by fathers when their second born child was 4 years old, and when the child was 10 years old. The children completed the IAT when they were 10 years old. The Child Behavior Checklist was completed by both fathers and mothers to identify problem behavior when their child was 10 years old. The sample consisted of 148 Dutch families with high educational levels. There were no relations between the implicit gender stereotypes of fathers, the implicit gender stereotypes of children, and problem behavior of children. There was also no mediation by implicit gender stereotypes of 10-year-old children of the relations between implicit gender stereotypes of fathers when their child was 4 years old and problem behavior of the 10-year-old children. Lastly, there were no differences between boys and girls in the analysis named above. Only implicit gender stereotypes of fathers when their children were 4 years old were related to implicit gender stereotypes when their children were 10 years old, which shows stability of the gender stereotypes of fathers over a period of 6 years. The relation between gender stereotypes of fathers and children, and between problem behavior is probably related to environmental factors, such as peers, other family members, or to a combination of several factors.Show less
