Dit onderzoek behandeld Pleistoceen botmateriaal dat is verzameld door P.Stoel en afkomstig is uit de zandwinning-plas Cattenbroek nabij Woerden. Hierbij is uitsluitend gekeken naar botmateriaal...Show moreDit onderzoek behandeld Pleistoceen botmateriaal dat is verzameld door P.Stoel en afkomstig is uit de zandwinning-plas Cattenbroek nabij Woerden. Hierbij is uitsluitend gekeken naar botmateriaal afkomstig uit put ZLW_U. Het botmateriaal uit deze put is van belang omdat bekend is uit welke diepte het materiaal afkomstig is. Waardoor het mogelijk is om een biostratigrafische verdeling van het botmateriaal te maken. Als uitgangspunt voor dit onderzoek vormde de vraag of het mogelijk is om het onderste artefacten niveau, beter kan worden gedateerd met behulp van het zoölogisch materiaal. Waarbij er gekeken is naar de specifieke combinatie van soorten per geologische laag. De grootste clustering van het botmateriaal bevindt zich in de Formatie van Beegden 23 tot 36m –NAP. Deze laag bevat ruim 45% van het botmateriaal. De stratigrafische verdeling van het botmateriaal komt voor een groot deel overeen met de beschikbare OSL dateringen. Waarbij de soort Rangifer tarandus opvallende resultaten laat zien. Het onderste niveau de Formatie van Beegden is dankzij het voorkomen van specifieke soorten gedateerd als Holsteinien. Er heeft in dit niveau ook contaminatie plaatsgevonden met oudere lagen (Vroeg- tot Midden- Pleistoceen). Met het ontbreken van menselijke modificatie sporen op botmateriaal afkomstig uit put ZLW_U. Is het dateren van de vondstniveau vooralsnog niet mogelijk geweest.Show less
Nowadays Great Brittain is separated from the European Continent by the North Sea. This, however, hasn’t always been the case. Due to sea-level changes as a result of climatic changes and the...Show moreNowadays Great Brittain is separated from the European Continent by the North Sea. This, however, hasn’t always been the case. Due to sea-level changes as a result of climatic changes and the cyclical repetition of glacials and interglacials the North Sea Basin has repeatedly been exposed to the open-air during the Pleistocene. Numerous finds, recovered by fishermen and dredgers while executing their work, indicate that this glacial plane was inhabited by a wide variety of animal species. It is beginning to become clear, due to the recovery of worked flint material, that early human must have been part of the inhabitants. The importance of the North Sea Basin for archaeological research has repeatedly been stressed. The archaeology in the seabed is threatened by several activities that affect the North Sea bottom. The trawling of fish boats, the construction of oil rigs and offshore windmill parks and the marine aggregate industry all have a huge effect on the seabed, possibly destroying archaeological remains while executed. The actual implementation of archaeological fieldwork as part of these bottom stirring activities is minimal and mainly focused on maritime archaeology. The goal of this thesis is to explore the possibilities for palaeolithic research in the North Sea Basin. It does so by analyzing archaeological research on-land and it’s possibilities for offshore archaeology and by evaluating different projects that have been set up over the last year to improve Paleolithic archaeological research on the North Sea bed over the border. In this way the strengths and weaknesses of the research as it is executed this days can be reviewed. The outcome should lead to new insights and a best-practice for setting up a solid archaeological research strategy before the execution of bottom disturbing activities. Crucial to this research strategy is a multidisciplinary approach in which the potential of all executed steps is explored. Recent research methods can be improved by changing the current focus on the object to a focus on the context of archaeological remains. Paleolithic material is useless without knowledge about the landscape and environment in which it has been used and deposited.Show less
The sites of Schöningen have been the subject of archaeological research since 1983. The location Schöningen is situated in a lignite open cast mine and was exposed to the surface by mining...Show moreThe sites of Schöningen have been the subject of archaeological research since 1983. The location Schöningen is situated in a lignite open cast mine and was exposed to the surface by mining activities. The location Schöningen is divided into fifteen sites. A part of the fauna assemblage found at the sites Schö 12 and Schö 13 has been brought to the Leiden University for further study. The sites Schö 12II and Schö 13II have been formed during the Reinsdorf Interglacial. For this research the Cervidae specimens from the assemblage of these sites have been used. The Cervidae assemblage consists of 274 individual specimens which have been identified as Capreolus capreolus, Cervus elaphus and Megaloceros giganteus. Most of the specimens belong to Cervus elaphus and come from the layer Schö 13II-4. This layer is overall the richest layer of the site Schöningen, apart from the rich fauna assemblage of Schöningen there have also been other finds such as stone tools and the famous spears from Schöningen, which were found in 1994 and 1995. It is interesting that the specimens of Capreolos capreolos cannot be found in the layer Schö 13II-4, the climatological changes are probably the cause for the disappearance of this species. The research question presented in this paper focuses on the occurrence of Cervidae species in the diet of the hominins that lived in the Paleolithic period. This question will be answered by researching the traces of human hunting activities on the available material.Show less
The bone material used for this BA thesis originated from a sand quarry near Woerden, the Netherlands. The Family of Bovidae is abundant within the animal remains of Woerden, which makes the...Show moreThe bone material used for this BA thesis originated from a sand quarry near Woerden, the Netherlands. The Family of Bovidae is abundant within the animal remains of Woerden, which makes the subject important for research. The main aim of this research is to determine the different genera in the Family Bovidae, the genera Bos and Bison. The appearance of certain species can be an indicator for a certain habitat or period. The species found during the analysis of the material are Bison priscus, Bison cf. schoetensacki, Bison cf. menneri, Bison sp., Bos primigenius and Bos sp.. The genus Bison is more abundant than the genus Bos. The appearance of Bison menneri within the material is an indicator for Early Pleistocene existence of a selection of the remains, because this species is the only one that lived during the Early Pleistocene in this region. Because of the lack of data of the depth of the remains, relative dating is not possible for the other bovid remains.Show less
