De Duitse keuze om hun luchtlandingswapen tijdens de Westveldtocht van 1940 in Nederland in te zetten en niet te gebruiken op het operationele Schwerpunkt was een gevolg van toeval en een reeks in...Show moreDe Duitse keuze om hun luchtlandingswapen tijdens de Westveldtocht van 1940 in Nederland in te zetten en niet te gebruiken op het operationele Schwerpunkt was een gevolg van toeval en een reeks in elkaar hakende militaire en politieke keuzes op de hoogste commandoniveaus.Show less
The Antidienstvervangingsbond (ADVB) fought conscription replacement in the Dutch military from 1875 to 1898. Wealthy conscripts had been able to have their conscription fulfilled by a paid...Show moreThe Antidienstvervangingsbond (ADVB) fought conscription replacement in the Dutch military from 1875 to 1898. Wealthy conscripts had been able to have their conscription fulfilled by a paid substitute, known as a remplaçant. Menno David van Limburg Stirum was the founder and remarkable leader of the ADVB who sought to end this injustice. As a former minister of War who had failed to politically accomplish this, Van Stirum aimed to influence political decision-making by influencing the public opinion. The asssociation, which counted more than 9000 members, was disbanded in 1898, shortly after conscription replacement was abolished by law. This study will analyze whether the ADVB was relatively succesful in achieving its goal by comparing it to other Dutch abolishment movements of the time, called 'Afschaffers', such as the Anti-dagbladzegelverbond or the Maatschappij tot Nut van den Javaan. The comparison between the ADVB and the other 'afschaffers' has been drawn with regards to three different aspects: its methods, its message and the role of the leader. Firstly, the ADVB's methods are very similar to those of the other anti-movements. It is characteristic of the anti-movements that sprouted in the Netherlands from the 1840s and onwards. The message of the ADVB can be divided into three different arguments that they used, categorized as military, moral and social matters. This wide array of problems adressed by the ADVB was somewhat unique, although similarities with other abolishers can certainly be found. However, the aspect that made the ADVB the most unique was its leader. No other Dutch anti-movement had such a profound impression laid upon them as the ADVB had by its founder, Van Limburg Stirum. He was by far the most influential person in the movement, as most of the work, writing and financial support for the ADVB can be attributed to him. Van Stirum also ruled the ADVB with an iron fist. After he died in 1891, the association was only a shadow of its former self. The succes of the ADVB was relatively small, as it did not succeed in quickly reaching its direct goal of abolishment of conscription replacement. Nonetheless, the ADVB was able to effectively spread its message across the Dutch upper class, which was one of its indirect goals. They should therefore be given more credit by historians for the eventual political decision to end conscription replacement.Show less
In deze scriptie is gepoogd de publieke rol die Mans Spoor-Dijkema vervulde te analyseren en af te zetten tegen de krantenartikelen die Nederlandse journalisten over haar publiceerden. De...Show moreIn deze scriptie is gepoogd de publieke rol die Mans Spoor-Dijkema vervulde te analyseren en af te zetten tegen de krantenartikelen die Nederlandse journalisten over haar publiceerden. De Nederlandse pers gebruikte grofweg drie termen om haar te beschrijven: als echtgenote van generaal Spoor, als legervrouw en tenslotte als soldatenmoeder. Deze termen zijn de basis geworden voor de drie hoofdstukken in dit onderzoek. In hoeverre waren deze publieke rollen waarin de media haar beschreef waarheidsgetrouw of, integendeel, een resultaat van goedlopende propaganda? Deze scriptie onderzocht dan ook de volgende hoofdvraag: hoe oordeelden de Nederlandse krantenmedia over de werkzaamheden van Mans Spoor-Dijkema?Show less
In 2011 Libya is torn apart by civil unrest in the form of an uprising against the Gadhafi regime. The European powers are divided over the course they have to take. A unified European response is...Show moreIn 2011 Libya is torn apart by civil unrest in the form of an uprising against the Gadhafi regime. The European powers are divided over the course they have to take. A unified European response is also hindered by the different mandates the European governments have regarding the use of force. This thesis seeks to find the reasons why the European states diverged over a case in which they had a common interest in the ‘Responsibility to Protect’. For this explanation, this thesis will focus on the political- and strategic cultures of France, United Kingdom and Germany and the way they influence the parliamentary debates.Show less
This thesis provides a new interpretation of German and British First World War poetry by comparing examples from both languages. By looking at the themes found in the soldiers' poetry it aims to...Show moreThis thesis provides a new interpretation of German and British First World War poetry by comparing examples from both languages. By looking at the themes found in the soldiers' poetry it aims to provide more insight in the personal experiences of German and British infantrymen in the trenches of the First World War.Show less
On December 27th 1949, the Netherlands transferred most of the sovereignty to Indonesia after a decolonization-conflict that lasted for more than four years. This meant the end of the Dutch East...Show moreOn December 27th 1949, the Netherlands transferred most of the sovereignty to Indonesia after a decolonization-conflict that lasted for more than four years. This meant the end of the Dutch East Indies. The soldiers of the Royal Dutch Army returned home after having lived under extreme conditions in a country that was completely unlike anything they were used to. Over the decades that followed a large number of publications appeared, many of them informal. In these publications the former Dutch soldiers told stories about their migration to the Dutch East Indies as soldiers, and their return to the Netherlands after their stay of three to four years. For my internship at the KITLV I took stock of some of the published stories as well as of the interviews with former soldiers collected by the KITLV. What struck me was that these stories formed a more or less coherent collective narrative. This narrative shows primarily similarities in descriptions of preparations and expectations of the Dutch East Indies, their experiences in the Dutch East Indies, and returning home after the war. In this thesis I researched several possible explanations why the content of these stories that recall these individual expectations, perceptions and experiences is of such a collective nature.Show less
Dit onderzoek gaat over de verzetsexplosie op Atjeh's westkust tussen 1925 en 1927. Het verzet vond plaats ten tijde van de Atjeh-oorlog. De Nederlanders hadden de oorlog voor geëindigd verklaard...Show moreDit onderzoek gaat over de verzetsexplosie op Atjeh's westkust tussen 1925 en 1927. Het verzet vond plaats ten tijde van de Atjeh-oorlog. De Nederlanders hadden de oorlog voor geëindigd verklaard rond 1910, maar het verzet ging op kleinere schaal door. De westkust van Atjeh was met name een plek waar het verzet van tijd tot tijd de kop opstak. Hoe is dit te verklaren? In dit onderzoek staat de westkust van Atjeh centraal. Wat was dit voor een streek? Waar bestond de bevolking uit? Wie waren de machthebbers? Door in te zoomen op deze specifieke plek in Atjeh, zal getracht worden een antwoord te formuleren op de vraag hoe het verzet in het midden van de jaren twintig te verklaren is.Show less
Deze scriptie gaat over de persoonlijke ervaringen van militairen uit de Atjeh-oorlog. Als interpretatiekader is het onderzoek van de Israëlische historicus Yuval Noah Harari gebruikt. Eén van zijn...Show moreDeze scriptie gaat over de persoonlijke ervaringen van militairen uit de Atjeh-oorlog. Als interpretatiekader is het onderzoek van de Israëlische historicus Yuval Noah Harari gebruikt. Eén van zijn belangrijkste conclusies was dat militairen zich al ruim voor de Eerste Wereldoorlog bewust waren van de impact die een oorlog had op hun persoonlijke ontwikkeling. Om zijn ideeën te toetsen heeft deze scriptie gekeken naar de memoires van zes militairen die deelnamen aan de Atjeh-oorlog. Ten eerste is er gekeken welke ervaringen centraal staan in hun memoires. Vervolgens is bestudeerd hoe deze door de militairen zijn verwoord en hoe zij deze hebben beoordeeld.Show less
In deze masterthesis wordt het streven van Ons Belang (een belangenvereniging voor onderofficieren)en het Verbond tot democratisering der Weermacht (de daaraan verbonden politieke partij) naar...Show moreIn deze masterthesis wordt het streven van Ons Belang (een belangenvereniging voor onderofficieren)en het Verbond tot democratisering der Weermacht (de daaraan verbonden politieke partij) naar democratisering van de landmacht onderzocht, in de periode 1918-1922. Dit streven zal worden geplaatst in het kader van het onrustige tijdsgewricht gedurende en vlak na de Eerste Wereldoorlog.Show less
From 1992 up to 1995 a Dutch-Belgian transportbattalion delivered humanitarian relief to the population of the war-torn Bosnia. Over 100.000 metric tons was distributed under the flag of the United...Show moreFrom 1992 up to 1995 a Dutch-Belgian transportbattalion delivered humanitarian relief to the population of the war-torn Bosnia. Over 100.000 metric tons was distributed under the flag of the United Nations Protection Force (UNPROFOR). Although the mission was highly succesfull, scholarly attention has almost exclusively been paid to the failures of UNPROFOR, most notably the fall of Srebrenica. This thesis draws attention to the more succesfull aspect of the mission: the delivery of humanitarian aid. It focusses on the Dutch-Belgian transportbattalion and its threefold mission: i) to secure the delivery of humanitarian aid, ii) to reduce the human rights violations and iii) to create conditions in which a political solution for the conflict could be reached.Show less
Deze thesis richt zich op de openheid van soldaten van de Koninklijke Landmacht over geweld in brieven naar het thuisfront, geschreven tijdens de Indonesische onafhankelijkheidsoorlog (1945-1950).
This thesis focusses on the NATO Secretary Generalship of Dirk Stikker from 1961 to 1964. It is a case study on the more General question of how a NATO Secretary General, traditionally a European,...Show moreThis thesis focusses on the NATO Secretary Generalship of Dirk Stikker from 1961 to 1964. It is a case study on the more General question of how a NATO Secretary General, traditionally a European, moves and functions in the trans-Atlantic Framework.Show less
At the beginning of the American Civil War (1861 – 1865), the North and South were locked in a stalemate. The military strength of both sides could be considered roughly the same, and on the...Show moreAt the beginning of the American Civil War (1861 – 1865), the North and South were locked in a stalemate. The military strength of both sides could be considered roughly the same, and on the battlefield, neither side could present a significant advantage over the other. Both sides raised vast armies and armed their soldiers with the rifled-musket, giving them increased firepower. In addition, the Union and Confederate soldiers shared the same military traditions, were trained in the same infantry tactics, and had either no combat experience or shared the same experience in federal service. The large scale and advanced weaponry presented opportunities as well as challenges. On the battlefield, commanding officers had to solve these ‘tactical problems’. The tactical insight of one officer, expressed by his ability and willingness to make effective use of those under his command, could mean the difference between victory and defeat. Therefore, on the battlefields of the Civil War, where both North and South were able to match each other’s military capacity, effective military command was pivotal. Still, how did an officer acquire the tactical insight to turn the tide of battle in his favour? Was it forged from the bottom up through the experience of combat, or did it descend from the top down revealed by the study of tactics?Show less
