Despite how clearly it permeates most political and social strata in the region, the intersection of spirituality and politics in Myanmar is a relatively underappreciated subject. This thesis...Show moreDespite how clearly it permeates most political and social strata in the region, the intersection of spirituality and politics in Myanmar is a relatively underappreciated subject. This thesis attempts to uncover the instances where distinct political acts and histories enmeshed and enthused a religious narrative informing much of the region's political legitimacy. Stylistically informed by Intellectual History, this paper first examines the definitions and concepts surrounding Political Buddhism and its interpolations within a Myanmar context. The paper will then divulge the broadest examples of Political Buddhism during Colonialism, Socialism, and military junta before honing in on use cases within the three latest public events: The 1988 uprising, the Saffron Revolution, the discourse surrounding the Rohingya Massacre, and the "Sangha" Buddhist monk institution's involvement in such.Show less
Bij het uitbreken van de Eerste Wereldoorlog ging de Tweede Kamer in Nederland een periode in dat later de 'godsvrede' genoemd zou worden. Het beleid van de regering werd in die periode unaniem...Show moreBij het uitbreken van de Eerste Wereldoorlog ging de Tweede Kamer in Nederland een periode in dat later de 'godsvrede' genoemd zou worden. Het beleid van de regering werd in die periode unaniem door het parlement goedgekeurd. De gedachte hierbij was dat de Nederlandse regering in dat geval zo goed als mogelijk ervoor kon zorgen dat de Nederlandse neutraliteit gewaarborgd zou blijven. Toch waren er wel parlementaire debatten, waarbij lange toespraken van parlementariërs niet zeldzaam bleven. Wat werd er tijdens de debatten besproken, terwijl het beleid unaniem goedgekeurd werd? Hoe keken de parlementariërs naar hun eigen rol en naar de rol van het parlement als instituut? Wat voor retoriek gebruikten de parlementariërs bij hun toespraken? Hoe keek de Nederlandse pers naar de toespraken van de Kamerleden?Show less
Fugitive slave narrators operated as a textual community within the abolitionist movement to contribute to the construction of broad and coherent arguments for the immediate abolition of slavery in...Show moreFugitive slave narrators operated as a textual community within the abolitionist movement to contribute to the construction of broad and coherent arguments for the immediate abolition of slavery in the Southern states. According to the Oxford Dictionary, a textual community is "a place or social circle where manuscript texts are or were produced, read, and circulated by and for a certain group." Through the production of fugitive slave narratives, the fugitive slave textual community formed a coherent discourse within the abolitionist movement that sought to persuade northern readers to support the abolition of slavery through the pluralistic nature of the production of slave narratives and the construction of overlapping forms of consensus. At the same time, by presenting themselves to the outside world, the narrators created a new collective identity of (ex)slaves. It was precisely by not focusing entirely on forming antislavery arguments that it resulted in becoming one of the most powerful antislavery arguments: through the manifestation of political agency and collective identity by writing themselves into a shared history, there was both expression in resistance to slavery and an important form of identification with northern readers.Show less
The current paper examines the use of political violence during the Ruhr Uprising of 1920. Its main focus is the reaction of the SPD and the KPD to the uprising and its bloody suppression by the...Show moreThe current paper examines the use of political violence during the Ruhr Uprising of 1920. Its main focus is the reaction of the SPD and the KPD to the uprising and its bloody suppression by the Reichswehr and Freikorps. It also contextualises the Uprising and violence that followed by connecting local events in the Ruhr with national developments, such as the Kapp Putsch and international trends of post-war instability and brutality. The paper through its examination of Vorwärts and Die Rote Fahne argues that both the SPD and KPD changed their understanding of the role of violence in preserving or overthrowing the Weimar Republic, respectively. On the one hand, the KPD, weakened by the failures of 1919 did not push for the spread of revolutionary violence. On the other hand, the SPD shifted ideologically from its 1919 of understanding state-sponsored violence as necessary for preserving the integrity of the State. It now understood violence as a tool for protecting the well-being of Germany’s citizenry. A tool to be used sparingly and with restraint, because it needed popular support to be legitimate. This new understanding of state-sponsored violence was not shared by the men tasked with suppressing the Uprising. The result was another bloody chapter in the life of the young RepublicShow less
Deze scriptie bespreekt het functioneren van de Gereformeerde Kerk in Ceylon (Sri Lanka) als instituut en onderdeel van het koloniale systeem in de achttiende eeuw. Dit wordt gedaan aan de hand van...Show moreDeze scriptie bespreekt het functioneren van de Gereformeerde Kerk in Ceylon (Sri Lanka) als instituut en onderdeel van het koloniale systeem in de achttiende eeuw. Dit wordt gedaan aan de hand van drie verschillende uitdagingen waar de Kerk mee te maken kreeg: de interne problematiek, de omgang met (lokale) kerkleden en de omgang met ‘andersgelovigen’ (hernhutters, boeddhisten, hindoes en katholieken).Show less
Deze scriptie laat zien welke factoren de uitvoering van migratiebeleid beïnvloeden en hoe de medewerkers van de IND de uitvoering van migratiebeleid ervaren en beleven.
This study examines the colonial dynamics of knowledge production about Indonesian textiles in the collecting practices of hippie trail collectors Rudolf Smend and Mary Hunt Kahlenberg. Its focus...Show moreThis study examines the colonial dynamics of knowledge production about Indonesian textiles in the collecting practices of hippie trail collectors Rudolf Smend and Mary Hunt Kahlenberg. Its focus is on the private collections of these individuals, which are documented in multiple catalogues, and their engagement with these objects as textile experts. The study demonstrates the scholarly relevance of the ‘hippie trail collector’ as an analytical category and asserts its implication in the ongoing epistemological, ontological, and territorial colonialism foundational to and perpetuated by the hippie trail. To analyse the case studies, it first establishes the enmeshment of these collectors with the hippie trail network, it then examines their contributions to knowledge production about Indonesian textiles, and lastly it explores their engagement with the epistemological hierarchies regarding these objects. It argues that both Smend and Kahlenberg have aided the incorporation of Indonesian textiles into a Western art system, a venture which has a colonial genealogy but also fits with the countercultural period’s renewed international interest in textile arts. Through said revaluation as well as the co-option and capitalization on Indonesian expertise, these collectors promote the erasure of other meanings and reproduce the colonial underpinnings of knowledge production about these textiles.Show less
Tijdens wetenschappelijke expedities naar Nederlands-Indië maakten Europese wetenschappers gebruik van een groot netwerk van lokale helpers. Het gaat dan om onder andere assistenten, bedienden,...Show moreTijdens wetenschappelijke expedities naar Nederlands-Indië maakten Europese wetenschappers gebruik van een groot netwerk van lokale helpers. Het gaat dan om onder andere assistenten, bedienden, roeiers, dragers, gidsen en tolken. In deze scriptie wordt de rol van deze mensen onderzocht.Show less
This thesis investigates the economic developments and political experiences of Austria during the interwar period, specifically focusing on the years 1920 to 1933. By examining the socioeconomic...Show moreThis thesis investigates the economic developments and political experiences of Austria during the interwar period, specifically focusing on the years 1920 to 1933. By examining the socioeconomic policies of the Christian Social Party and their impact on the experiences of ‘ordinary’ people, this research aims to provide a more comprehensive understanding of the Austrian interwar period. The analysis draws upon diaries and local administration records from a smaller Lower Austrian town to explore how people experienced economic crises and how these experiences influenced their perceptions of politics through their lived experiences. The findings reveal a complex interplay between economic factors and political sentiments among the Austrian population. The economic crises faced by individuals were profound and enduring, marked by high unemployment rates, hyperinflation, and deteriorating living conditions. The Christian Social Party's policies, while initially promising, ultimately failed to effectively address these economic hardships effectively. As a result, a sense of disillusionment and despair took hold, leading to a growing disaffection with the political establishment. By shedding light on the perspectives of ordinary participants in democracy, this study contributes to a more nuanced understanding of the interwar period. It emphasises the importance of considering the voices and experiences of the general population, which are often overshadowed by the dominant political discourse.Show less
The post-WWII period in the Netherlands can be described as a period of great change in Dutch society. Postcolonial migrants from the eastern and western (former) colonies started to immigrate to...Show moreThe post-WWII period in the Netherlands can be described as a period of great change in Dutch society. Postcolonial migrants from the eastern and western (former) colonies started to immigrate to the Netherlands, changing the racial fabric of the Dutch society. This thesis is a product of researching the Dutch parliamentary debates on postcolonial ‘black’ migrants between 1950 and 1975. The attitudes and use of language in these Dutch debates is then compared to an influential parliamentary debate in the UK in the late 1950s. Central to this comparison is the difference in explicit and implicit references to race by Dutch and British politicians. The study of these debates serves to answer this thesis’ research question: how do parliamentary debates on postcolonial immigration in the Netherlands and the United Kingdom compare and contrast with regard to the ways race and identity factor into these debates between 1950-1975? This thesis attempts to make a contribution to the current debates on the relation between race, postcolonial migration and identity in the political discourse, discussed in the first chapter. Processes of ‘othering’, that are racially conceptualised as a consequence of the effect of the colonial legacy, are being discussed in chapter two to four.Show less
