Het anarchisme in Nederland kent een lange traditie van het provoceren van de staat die teruggaat tot in de jaren tachtig van de negentiende eeuw. Tijdens het interbellum werd zowel op straat als...Show moreHet anarchisme in Nederland kent een lange traditie van het provoceren van de staat die teruggaat tot in de jaren tachtig van de negentiende eeuw. Tijdens het interbellum werd zowel op straat als in tijdschriften zoals Alarm en De Moker geageerd tegen kapitalisme, militarisme, parlement en koningshuis. In dit onderzoek is een antwoord gezocht op de vraag hoe door Nederlandse anarchisten in het interbellum humor werd gebruikt bij het provoceren van de staat.Show less
This thesis investigates the impact of fascist ideas and practices on anticolonial nationalism in late colonial Indonesia (primarily 1935-42). Focusing on the example of Partai Indonesia Raya ...Show moreThis thesis investigates the impact of fascist ideas and practices on anticolonial nationalism in late colonial Indonesia (primarily 1935-42). Focusing on the example of Partai Indonesia Raya (Parindra) and its youth organization Surya Wirawan, it aims at bringing together disparate historiographies on fascism, anticolonial nationalism, and Indonesian intellectual history. Moreover, it traces the first 'birth pangs' of Indonesian paramilitarism back to the late colonial period, thus arguing against the commonly held view explaining the militarization of Indonesian politics merely as an effect of the Japanese occupation (1942-45). Therefore, this thesis uncovers traces of a 'homegrown' tradition of paramilitarism that drew a considerable part of its inspiration from fascist role models. For the purpose of this study, fascism is applied as a heuristic tool to ask hitherto avoided questions about organizations like Parindra that have long been labeled as 'cooperative' nationalist parties. In doing so, this thesis considers Indonesia as one of the countless (emerging) nations that were receptive to the global fascist hype in the 1930s.Show less
In dit onderzoek is aan de hand van de Hanserecessen onderzocht welke verandering er plaatsvond in de rol die de vorsten en steden van het Oostzeegebied speelden in de piraterijbestrijding op de...Show moreIn dit onderzoek is aan de hand van de Hanserecessen onderzocht welke verandering er plaatsvond in de rol die de vorsten en steden van het Oostzeegebied speelden in de piraterijbestrijding op de Oostzee tussen 1259 en 1500. Ook de reden voor deze verandering is onderzocht.Show less
De Nederlandse zendeling H.A.C. Hildering (1898-1986) was een van de weinige zendelingen die tijdens de oorlog in Indonesië zijn zendingswerk op Oost-Java hervatte. Hij had nauwe contacten met de...Show moreDe Nederlandse zendeling H.A.C. Hildering (1898-1986) was een van de weinige zendelingen die tijdens de oorlog in Indonesië zijn zendingswerk op Oost-Java hervatte. Hij had nauwe contacten met de Indonesische en Chinese bevolking, hoorde via hen over oorlogsmisdaden en publiceerde deze. Tegelijkertijd had hij ook veel contact met het Nederlandse koloniale bestuur en het Nederlandse leger. Hoe positioneerde hij zichzelf tijdens deze oorlog en welke spanningen brachten zijn nauwe contacten met Indonesiërs en het Nederlandse koloniale bestuur?Show less
This thesis asks: what was the intellectual attitude towards nature in late Renaissance Europe? To this end, it finds that De Boodt’s illustrated albums throw fresh light on an old question. It is...Show moreThis thesis asks: what was the intellectual attitude towards nature in late Renaissance Europe? To this end, it finds that De Boodt’s illustrated albums throw fresh light on an old question. It is the intention of this study to explore the relation between developments in empirical and emblematic approaches to natural history, especially in visual representations, through the examination of the work of an individual who was involved in all three. The works of Anselmus de Boodt demonstrate that he drew on a variety of approaches to the study of the world and is therefore representative of the late Renaissance intellectual ideal of the polyhistor. The polyhistor as an ideal derived from the desire to achieve a holistic understanding of the world by taking into account its physical as well as symbolic attributes. The study of these attributes is seen retrospectively as the object of empirical and emblematic methodologies respectively, methodologies that are understood as being in conflict. Nonetheless, they are united in the work of De Boodt, as asserted by this study, on the grounds that vision was the point of convergence and departure for both.Show less
This thesis will assess in three case studies the municipal writings of Richard T. Ely, Albert Shaw, and Frederic C. Howe. The contention here is that their work provides valuable examples of the...Show moreThis thesis will assess in three case studies the municipal writings of Richard T. Ely, Albert Shaw, and Frederic C. Howe. The contention here is that their work provides valuable examples of the pluralism and the transnationalism of the Progressive Era in the United States at the turn of the twentieth century. To do so, the approach of this thesis will be to deploy Daniel T. Rodgers’ argument about the role of transnational narratives in the transference of transatlantic reforms. This study will thereby demonstrate the means by which the municipal writings of the three cases studies in question deployed their transnational narratives for the conveyance of foreign reform policies, measures, practices, and concepts.Show less
This thesis examines the entrepreneurial reasons for establishing the Ostend Company (1722-1727) in the context of socio-political developments in the aftermath of the War of the Spanish Succession...Show moreThis thesis examines the entrepreneurial reasons for establishing the Ostend Company (1722-1727) in the context of socio-political developments in the aftermath of the War of the Spanish Succession (1701-1713). The thesis concludes that the Ostend Company could be established because: internal competition in the Southern Netherlands had to be eliminated to restore profitability of the Chinese tea trade; merchants from the Southern Netherlands could not gain trading concessions in Bengal without the institutional protection of a Company (under the Habsburg Emperor); the Habsburg administration judged that overseas trade was instrumental for the economic development of the Southern Netherlands, in turn strengthening Habsburg authority there; and the Dutch and English threat of waging war against the commercial initiatives in the Southern Netherlands turned out to be a hollow one.Show less
This thesis at one level examines how and why were the European doctors as ‘outsiders’ able to make an impression on the aristocratic elites in the Mughal court? And at another level, it...Show moreThis thesis at one level examines how and why were the European doctors as ‘outsiders’ able to make an impression on the aristocratic elites in the Mughal court? And at another level, it investigates the direct relationship between cross-cultural medical favors and the advantages doctors gained by offering their services. Did such intercessions by doctors’ yield only the much-desired trade concessions like farmans to the trading companies in which these medical men were employed and represented as ambassadors in the courts or something more especially in terms of monetary gains such as money, an enviable position at the court or other benefits?Show less
Noël de Caron (1550?-1624), was de eerste ambassadeur van de Verenigde Nederlanden in Engeland (1609-1624), die tot op heden nog nauwelijks bestudeerd is. Zijn jarenlange verblijf in Londen,...Show moreNoël de Caron (1550?-1624), was de eerste ambassadeur van de Verenigde Nederlanden in Engeland (1609-1624), die tot op heden nog nauwelijks bestudeerd is. Zijn jarenlange verblijf in Londen, van1590 tot aan zijn dood in 1624, maakte hem tot een prominente inwoner van de stad, uitzonderlijk goed verbonden met de Engelse politieke elite, met de internationale calvinistische gemeenschap, en met de Nederlandse kooplieden-handelaars in de stad. Zijn sociale, culturele en religieuze inbedding in de Londense samenleving is het uitgangspunt voor mijn onderzoek naar zijn functioneren als ambassadeur: hoe beïnvloedde deze inbedding zijn functioneren? Was het een voordeel, een nadeel, of wellicht beide? Aan de hand van drie case study's beschrijf ik het verband tussen inbedding in een gastland en het functioneren van Caron specifiek, en een vroegmodern ambassadeur in het algemeen.Show less
The ruling dynasties of the Holy Roman Empire were subjected to imperial jurisdiction. Until the Empire’s demise in 1806, its two supreme courts adjudicated disputes that stemmed from all levels of...Show moreThe ruling dynasties of the Holy Roman Empire were subjected to imperial jurisdiction. Until the Empire’s demise in 1806, its two supreme courts adjudicated disputes that stemmed from all levels of the imperial hierarchy. Despite considerable autonomy, a sizable army and international ambitions, the rulers of Brandenburg-Prussia remained accountable to imperial justice. The Kings ‘in’ Prussia needed the emperor’s confirmation to realize their expansionist ambitions in the Southern German region of Franconia. The Reichshofrat, as the emperor’s supreme court, reviewed the lawfulness of Prussia’s claims, while a political opposition of small Franconian princes organized itself around the influential imperial arch-chancellor and elector of Mainz. The opposition feared Prussian interference in their regional assembly and did everything to prevent Prussian expansion into Franconia. Several of the king’s relatives were persuaded to join the opposition and appeal to the Reichshofrat to challenge Prussia’s ambitions. This ignited an intra-dynastic conflict which could alter the balance of power in the Empire on the outset of the 18th century. This thesis enquires how the Reichshofrat arbitrated the conflict, demonstrates how political and legal issues merged in a struggle for power and seeks to understand how the protagonists operated within the confines of the Empire’s legal framework. As they tried to achieve their political objectives within the imperial system they were forced to deal with its constraints. The conflict’s dynamic, course of events and outcome were determined by the imperial system.Show less
“Picturing Deutschböhmen” explores German Bohemian efforts to convey the idea of a new nationally defined region in Late Habsburg Austria, ‘Deutschböhmen.’ It considers their use of relatively new...Show more“Picturing Deutschböhmen” explores German Bohemian efforts to convey the idea of a new nationally defined region in Late Habsburg Austria, ‘Deutschböhmen.’ It considers their use of relatively new technologies and modes of consumption to this end, primarily photography and mass tourism. Whereas parallel Czech and Hungarian claims to greater autonomy garnered a sense of legitimacy from historical precedents in the Kingdoms of Bohemia and Hungary, no similar examples could be cited by German nationalists in western Bohemia for their supposed region. Instead, German Bohemians relied on the culturally situated potency of the Heimat-genre as well as the documentary ‘realness’ of photographic images. Making use of specific tropes and vocabularies, both textual and visual, guidebooks and other tourist material encouraged outsiders, especially Germans elsewhere, to literally or figuratively visit and witness Deutschböhmen for themselves. Consequently, readers were introduced to an area that was distinct from the rest of Bohemia and an inherent part of the timeless territory of the German Heimat.Show less
