Crowdsourcing has gained attention in every realm, including the public sector, which got interested in how the participatory tool can increase public values, especially with the interactive...Show moreCrowdsourcing has gained attention in every realm, including the public sector, which got interested in how the participatory tool can increase public values, especially with the interactive potential of digital platforms. Previous studies have highlighted the importance of implementing the crowdsourcing process, but not much focus is on the outcomes. Moreover, with the increase in evidence-based policymaking, a few studies have been conducted on the impact of crowdsourcing data. This thesis intends to answer the question of how crowdsourcing outcomes can impact decision-making. The case of Frena La Curva (FLC) in Spain during Covid- 19 was studied, which has positively impacted the policy-making process. The approach of this thesis is qualitative, using semi-structured interviews to delve into the experiences of public employees and volunteers involved in the platform. The results show benefits for the public administration in implementing crowdsourcing. The significant benefits that crowdsourcing can apport to the decision- making process are the openness of participation, speedy action by the public administration, and the re- calibration of the policy tools. The technological infrastructure of FLC has allowed to gather an enormous number of outcomes which allowed policymakers to make swifter decisions in some cases. However, the technological dependency on crowdsourcing represents a challenge for the public sector, which might want to cooperate with the private sector. Moreover, depending on the nature of the evidence, crowdsourcing can have a different impact on tool calibration and tool changes in the policy process. The situation of the crisis has also had an effect on the emergence of FLC, which was favored by the pandemic. The contribution of this study is essential as it sparks light on a field that has been investigated less. Further research may investigate the replicability of the case of FLC as well as test the impact of outcomes in other crowdsourcing initiatives.Show less
By integrating the theoretical frameworks of goal-setting theory and collaborative governance, this study explores the relationship between goal core properties (goal-clarity and goal-difficulty)...Show moreBy integrating the theoretical frameworks of goal-setting theory and collaborative governance, this study explores the relationship between goal core properties (goal-clarity and goal-difficulty) and work motivation among employees in collaborative public services. It does so by using a case of the Focalized Prevention Program (PPF) within the National Service for Specialized Protection of Children in Chile. A single-case qualitative design was adopted, and data was collected through eight semi-structured in-depth interviews with professionals at all levels in the PPF. The findings reveal that while job-goals are perceived as clear “on paper”, and job-goals are always perceived as very challenging, their direct influence on work motivation is complex. Collaborative structures involving multiple stakeholders introduce ambiguity, making goal clarity less influential, and goal-difficulty detrimental to work motivation, based on a very low sense of self-efficacy. The sector-specific unpredictable and pressing demands of Child Protection Services require high levels of adaptability, challenging the assumption of clear goals as the primary motivator. This research offers a nuanced perspective, adding new insights to goal setting theory and opening new paths for its integration with frameworks such as collaborative governance and Public Service Motivation.Show less
In every democratic country in the world, elections are a very common occurrence. In modern times, the electoral systems change too, resulting in the emergence of electronic voting. This research...Show moreIn every democratic country in the world, elections are a very common occurrence. In modern times, the electoral systems change too, resulting in the emergence of electronic voting. This research distinguishes voting on voting machines and Internet voting and compares the cases of the Netherlands, Belgium and Estonia to understand the most important factors to drive implementation of digital voting initiatives. The technological aspects of this have been researched enough by other authors, so this research focusses on the success factors generated by the Enacting Electronic Government Success (EEGS) framework. To place it in a historical perspective, the Historical Institutionalist view is added. The unique contribution of this research is to derive success factors of digital voting from the perspective of frameworks closely related to e-Governance, that have not yet researched digital voting.Show less
This paper sought to find out how public healthcare employees with an ethnic minority background experience more job stress than their native Dutch counterparts. Based on existing literature it was...Show moreThis paper sought to find out how public healthcare employees with an ethnic minority background experience more job stress than their native Dutch counterparts. Based on existing literature it was expected that ethnic minority public healthcare staff has less job resources and more job demands due to their experiences with differential treatment at work, resulting in higher levels of job stress. The research question was answered through deductive qualitative research with interviews. The empirical findings confirmed the theoretical expectations. Generally, the cultural distance felt by ethnic minority employees made them lack social support in job settings with predominantly native Dutch colleagues, leading to less job resources. Furthermore, experiences with differential treatment at any intensity increased emotional demand from work, leading to more job demands. The enlarged imbalance between job resources and demands increased job stress. These effects were experienced by respondents in various degrees. Overall, respondents could be categorised into three groups: Those who felt their ethnic background strongly has a negative impact on their job stress, those who felt their ethnic background may sometimes have a negative impact on their job stress and those who did not feel as though their ethnic background significantly impacts their job stress.Show less
This paper provides evidence for a correlation between social trust and people’s preference for government ownership of businesses and industries using regression analysis. The model of analysis is...Show moreThis paper provides evidence for a correlation between social trust and people’s preference for government ownership of businesses and industries using regression analysis. The model of analysis is built using theoretical elements previously presented in the already existing literature. In large part, this study looks at Elinor Ostrom’s Theory of Collective Action as a reference (1998). After analysis of the results, the conclusion is that this correlation operates through a lack of incentivisation for free riding, enabled by the social elements of reputation, reciprocity and trust. These conclusions ought to be taken into account together with the literature which studies the relationship between social capital and calls for redistribution.Show less
The Kyoto Protocol, a legally binding international treaty, has established a limit on global warming of 1.5ºC. However, current scientific estimates indicate that the world is on track to reach a...Show moreThe Kyoto Protocol, a legally binding international treaty, has established a limit on global warming of 1.5ºC. However, current scientific estimates indicate that the world is on track to reach a warming of 3ºC. This study aims to investigate the relationship between environmental policy, green innovation, emissions, and economic activity by analysing a sample of the most politically, technologically, and economically influential countries in the world over the past 25 years. The results suggest that market-based policies have a positive effect on eco-innovation of 6% while non-market policies have decreased emissions by 4% between 1995 and 2019. Additionally, the study finds that environmental policy can have a positive impact on economic activity, particularly when complemented by increasing oil prices. In order to achieve both economic growth and sustainability, this study recommends that the G20 countries increase their environmental policy stringency.Show less
According to ‘De Nederlandsche Bank’ (DNB), central bank of The Netherlands, overheating in the Dutch housing market is partly caused by policy measures that increase the financing capacity of...Show moreAccording to ‘De Nederlandsche Bank’ (DNB), central bank of The Netherlands, overheating in the Dutch housing market is partly caused by policy measures that increase the financing capacity of households. Starter loans increase the financing capacity of starters with the aim of making a first owner-occupied home more feasible for starters. Literature on credit and house prices argues that an increase in the total credit volume results in an increase of house prices. Since starter loans increase the financing possibilities of starters by providing credit, it is expected that starter loans will result in an additional price increase of house prices. The relationship between starter loans and house prices is studied by means of a panel data regression with municipality and time-fixed effects. The results in this thesis show that there is a relationship between starter loans and house prices. The estimated effects of starter loans show a negative and positive effect on house prices. Which makes it insufficiently clear whether starter loans lead to an increase in house prices or not.Show less
Geautomatiseerde overheidssystemen zijn niet geschikt voor iedere burger, waardoor kwetsbare burgers niet op toegankelijke en effectieve wijze de overheid digitaal kunnen bereiken. Hierdoor...Show moreGeautomatiseerde overheidssystemen zijn niet geschikt voor iedere burger, waardoor kwetsbare burgers niet op toegankelijke en effectieve wijze de overheid digitaal kunnen bereiken. Hierdoor vergroten hoge administratieve lasten juist de ongelijkheid in de overheidsprocessen en diensten. De overheid startte recentelijk met het landelijke initiatief ‘Informatiepunten Digitale Overheid’ waar digitale hulp wordt verleend aan burgers voor overheidszaken. Om het probleem van administratieve lasten tijdens de digitale dienstverlening in kaart te brengen, zijn de ervaringen van deze doelgroep verzameld. De centrale vraag die gesteld werd, is: hoe ervaren burgers, die gebruik maken van Informatiepunten Digitale Overheid, administratieve lasten in het gebruik van digitale overheidsdiensten? Op basis van drie categorieën lasten: leer-, nalevings- en psychologische kosten, is in kaart gebracht hoe administratieve lasten bij deze doelgroep ontstaan en ervaren. Om representatieve en variërende ervaringen te verkrijgen, zijn medewerkers van lokale informatiepunten geïnterviewd. Door de gecompliceerde procedures van de digitale dienstverlening, in combinatie met de benodigde stappen, worden frustraties en stress aangewakkerd. Er is sprake van een overloop-effect waarin leer- en nalevingskosten ook leiden tot psychologische kosten. Ook blijkt het hebben van een hogere leeftijd en een laag opleidingsniveau invloed te hebben op het uitvoerend functioneren van burgers. Deze levensfactoren brengen een lager cognitief vermogen teweeg en zorgen ervoor dat de procedurele complexiteit wordt verhoogd, resulterend in administratieve lasten (Christensen et al., 2020). De informatieverzameling en het deelnemen van overheidsprogramma’s wordt hierdoor bemoeilijkt (Chetty & Saez, 2013). Kwetsbare burgers ervaren wel degelijk administratieve lasten bij het gebruik van de publieke digitale dienstverlening, wat de toegankelijkheid en effectiviteit verhinderd.Show less
Dit onderzoek biedt inzicht in de relaties tussen inclusief leiderschap, werkklimaat en prestaties, specifiek gericht op de publieke sector. Door middel van een mediatie-analyse wordt het...Show moreDit onderzoek biedt inzicht in de relaties tussen inclusief leiderschap, werkklimaat en prestaties, specifiek gericht op de publieke sector. Door middel van een mediatie-analyse wordt het mediërende effect van inclusief klimaat en psychologische veiligheid gemeten op de relatie tussen inclusief leiderschap en prestaties. Aan de hand van kwantitatieve analysemethoden worden de relaties tussen de genoemde variabelen geanalyseerd op basis van data afkomstig uit het Werkonderzoek 2022 van het Centraal Bureau van de Statistiek. Uit dit onderzoek kan geconcludeerd worden dat zowel psychologische veiligheid als inclusief klimaat een gedeeltelijk mediërend effect heeft op de relatie tussen inclusief leiderschap en prestaties. De onderzoeksbevindingen sluiten aan op eerder onderzoek naar de relatie tussen inclusief leiderschap en prestaties. Daarnaast draagt dit onderzoek bij aan het begrip over het inzetten en benutten van inclusief leiderschap in een publieke context. Dit kan bijdragen aan beleid gericht op leiderschap en het ontwikkelen van een positief werkklimaat.Show less
