An exploration of the possibility of forgiveness and reconciliation through repentance and remorse as portrayed in The Winter's Tale and The Tempest. Moreover, this thesis seeks to demonstrate that...Show moreAn exploration of the possibility of forgiveness and reconciliation through repentance and remorse as portrayed in The Winter's Tale and The Tempest. Moreover, this thesis seeks to demonstrate that these works belong to one of the first to provide us with a unique insight into the evolution of our modern-day concept of interpersonal forgiveness.Show less
Een onderzoek naar metafooradviezen, de Conceptual Metaphor Theory en framing in veelgelezen Nederlandstalige presentatieadviesboeken uit de periode 1980 tot 2013.
Research master thesis | Linguistics (research) (MA)
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This thesis focuses on the proficiency in the English language of Hendrik Albert Schultens (1749–1793), a third-generation Dutch scholar in oriental languages of Leiden University who travelled to...Show moreThis thesis focuses on the proficiency in the English language of Hendrik Albert Schultens (1749–1793), a third-generation Dutch scholar in oriental languages of Leiden University who travelled to England in 1772 for scholarly purposes. I reconstructed Schultens's social network and investigated his proficiency in English on two points: his use and non-use of the auxiliary 'do' and his use of participial -ing clauses. The thesis contains an edition of thirty-eight eighteenth-century English letters, both received from Schultens's British acquaintances and sent by Schultens himself, the whole of which was transcribed to serve as the corpus of my thesis. I also reflected on the potential reason for Schultens to be interested in learning the English language when, in eighteenth-century Europe, French and Latin were still the two major languages in international contacts. I believe it to be due to the fact that there were so few scholars working in the field of oriental languages and that he wished to exchange information on an international level. In search of potential peers, he was not only prepared to look overseas, but also to immerse himself into the study of his peers’ language and culture for a better exchange of knowledge. When it comes to Schultens's English, he proved to have obtained the level of a near native when he left England. A remarkable achievement after only nine months. Of course he might have studied the English already in the Netherlands, potentially individually. From his first letter on he mastered the use op auxiliary 'do', despite the fact that a similar periphrastic construction does not exist in Dutch. On the other hand, his first two English letters contain errors in his use of participial -ing, or to be more exact: in his use of 'being'. In Dutch 'zijnde' (the Dutch equivalent of 'being') may be used in subordinate clauses to reduce relative clauses (i.e. to make sentences shorter). In English this type of usage of 'being' does not exist. In his first two letters, Schultens still had to figure this difference out. However, by staying long enough in the country of the goal language and leading an active social life among native speakers of English he evidently managed to get a grip on its right usage after all.Show less
In de huidige maatschappij wordt steeds vaker van mensen gevraagd om een presentatie te geven. Sommige mensen worden onzeker als ze een presentatie moeten geven voor publiek en deze onzekerheid kan...Show moreIn de huidige maatschappij wordt steeds vaker van mensen gevraagd om een presentatie te geven. Sommige mensen worden onzeker als ze een presentatie moeten geven voor publiek en deze onzekerheid kan ze belemmeren in het dagelijks leven. Deze mensen hebben een lichte vorm van speechangst, dat is een soort spreekangst. Specifiek is het de angst die verbonden is aan gesproken communicatie in een specifieke situatie (Dwyer & Baartmans, 2003). Tijdens dit scriptieonderzoek is onderzocht hoe een methode eruitziet die mensen met lichte speechangst in groepssituaties met face-to-facecontact kan helpen om zelfverzekerder te spreken voor publiek en die zo veel mogelijk profiteert van inzichten uit de adviesliteratuur en van presentatieprofessionals en onderbouwd is door wetenschappelijk onderzoek. Om deze methode te kunnen construeren is nagegaan welke oorzaken er zijn voor speechangst, welke methoden er zijn om zelfverzekerder te leren spreken, aan welke kwaliteitscriteria de methode moet voldoen en wat presentatieprofessionals vonden van de eerste versie van de ontwikkelde zogenoemde zelfverzekerdheidsmethode. Het scriptieonderzoek heeft geleid tot de conclusie dat de basis van de zelfverzekerdheidsmethode bestaat uit drie deelmethoden: diepe buikademhaling, vaardigheidstraining en visualisatie. Diepe buikademhaling zorgt voor rust bij de spreker, vaardigheidstraining gaat ervan uit dat sprekers onzeker zijn voor het geven van een presentatie, omdat ze niet alle vaardigheden hebben die ervoor nodig zijn en dat deze onzekerheid vermindert als een spreker de benodigde vaardigheden leert. Tot deze vaardigheden behoren bijvoorbeeld het opbouwen, leren beheersen en uitvoeren van de presentatie. Visualisatie is het laatste onderdeel van de methode. Dit onderdeel laat de spreker zijn presentatie voor zich zien. Hij moet dan bedenken hoe hij naar de locatie van de presentatie toe gaat, hoe hij de presentatie uitvoert, tot een goed einde brengt en hiervoor applaus krijgt. Tijdens visualisatie maakt de spreker in zijn hoofd zijn eigen realistische succesfilm. De zelfverzekerdheidsmethode is geconstrueerd aan de hand van de drie deelmethoden. Een eerste kwaliteitscontrole van de zelfverzekerdheidsmethode heeft plaatsgevonden door deze te laten beoordelen door vier presentatieprofessionals. De commentaren van deze presentatieprofessionals hebben hoofdzakelijk gezorgd voor aanpassingen op drie algemene punten: de duur van alle oefeningen is aangepast, het taalgebruik is volwassener geworden en bij de uitleg van de oefeningen is er meer rekening gehouden met het onverwachte.Show less
In this thesis my research question is to find out how the male gaze influenced the relation between representations of female bodies in video games and sexualisation and weakness. Firstly I look...Show moreIn this thesis my research question is to find out how the male gaze influenced the relation between representations of female bodies in video games and sexualisation and weakness. Firstly I look at what other scholars have written about the representation of female characters in video games and note how objectification and the sexualised representation of women implicitly tends to be associated with the negative role stereotyping and passive gender roles. In questioning this, I take a different approach compared to previous research. Drawing from feminist and gender theories, I analyse three female characters that each depict a different relation between the body, male gaze and power. I show how the two characters who appear to be lesser sexualised, Zelda and Samus, appear to suffer more severely from the male gaze than Bayonetta does. Bayonetta, in turn, can be analysed as a critique towards the male gaze and masculine status. From the analysis I will conclud that it is not exclusively the visual appearance that determines whether a character is portrayed as weak or not, but that the gaze plays an important role as well.Show less
Master thesis | Classics and Ancient Civilizations (MA)
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The Egyptian fortresses in Lower Nubian for the time of the Middle Kingdom were one of the most impressive ancient Egyptian architectural monuments. Unfortunately, currently most of them are lost...Show moreThe Egyptian fortresses in Lower Nubian for the time of the Middle Kingdom were one of the most impressive ancient Egyptian architectural monuments. Unfortunately, currently most of them are lost under waters of the Aswan High Dam. Therefore any new research is based on the previous archaeological report. This thesis focuses on the architecture of the internal buildings inside the fortresses. Is also brings a new look at the ancient Egyptian fortification through their comparison with the Roman fortification. The Roman fortifications are much more know and better preserved. This comparison was possible thought the similar nature of both ancient armies. The thesis also deals with a smaller fort Wadi al-Hudi, which is often claimed to be a smaller version of the Nubian fortresses.Show less
Bachelor thesis | Nederlandse taal en cultuur (BA)
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Lange tijd leek er een duidelijk verschil te zijn tussen jeugd- en volwassenenliteratuur, maar de afgelopen decennia zijn er steeds meer boeken bijgekomen die lastig in te delen zijn; de grens...Show moreLange tijd leek er een duidelijk verschil te zijn tussen jeugd- en volwassenenliteratuur, maar de afgelopen decennia zijn er steeds meer boeken bijgekomen die lastig in te delen zijn; de grens tussen de twee literaire systemen is aan het vervagen en volgens sommigen is die grens er zelfs helemaal niet meer. Sinds de jaren negentig wordt er meer onderzoek gedaan naar het grensverkeer en jeugdliteratuur in het algemeen. Binnen deze onderzoeken zijn de zogenaamde dubbelpublieksauteurs interessant. Dit zijn schrijvers waarvan zowel boeken voor kinderen als voor volwassenen is verschenen. Onderzoek doen naar dubbelpublieksauteurs binnen het kader van het grensverkeerdebat kan bijvoorbeeld door primaire teksten van dit soort schrijvers met elkaar te vergelijken. Door hun jeugd- en volwassenenliteratuur naast elkaar te leggen kan onderzocht worden welke overeenkomsten en verschillen er eventueel zijn tussen de teksten voor lezers van verschillende leeftijden. Daarbij kunnen ook de werkinterne en werkexterne literatuuropvattingen met elkaar worden vergeleken. Er wordt dan onderzocht of de uitspraken van dubbelpublieksauteurs over literatuur en schrijverschap (werkextern) overeenkomen met de poëtica die uit hun primaire werk spreekt (werkintern). Bart Moeyaert is zo’n dubbelpublieksauteur. De hoofdvraag van deze thesis luidt als volgt: ‘Welke overeenkomsten en verschillen zijn er tussen de werkexterne en werkinterne opvatting van Bart Moeyaert over de grens tussen jeugdliteratuur en volwassenenliteratuur?’Show less
This study concerns the EU's external policies in Bosnia and Herzegovina and their effectiveness. The policies of the EU in Bosnia and Herzegovina since the Dayton Accords in 1995 are analysed from...Show moreThis study concerns the EU's external policies in Bosnia and Herzegovina and their effectiveness. The policies of the EU in Bosnia and Herzegovina since the Dayton Accords in 1995 are analysed from a constructivist point of view, and the effectiveness of these policies is studied. Although the EU has been involved in Bosnia and Herzegovina for almost twenty years, both during the war and afterwards, the goal of Bosnia and Herzegovina becoming at least an EU candidate member state has not yet been reached. The EU has invested millions of euros a year in Bosnia and Herzegovina, but its economy is still very unstable and the unemployment rate has increased. The EU itself has engaged mainly with Bosnian politicians for the responsibility of improving Bosnia's unstable situation. However, at the same time the EU criticises these same politicians for not being able to reform to a society that is divided by ethnicity. With their policies in Bosnia and Herzegovina, the EU has only been acting from its own identity and values, and has not taken into consideration the Bosnian history and identity in this process. Due to this, the EU policies on Bosnia and Herzegovina have been ineffective for they only act from a European perspective. In their attempt to make democracy succeed, the EU has enforced democracy on Bosnia and Herzegovina, resulting in a contradiction in terms against the values that the EU stands for. The principle of conditionality that is used by the EU to compel Bosnia and Herzegovina to reform is weakened by this contradiction. That leads to a credibility gap in Bosnia and Herzegovina, which undermines the EU's efforts and further increases the ineffectiveness of their actions.Show less
Research master thesis | Linguistics (research) (MA)
open access
The history of the Albanian present suffix -i/-ën is discussed, in terms of both form and function. This is done through the study of present dialects, Old Albanian texts, other Indo-European...Show moreThe history of the Albanian present suffix -i/-ën is discussed, in terms of both form and function. This is done through the study of present dialects, Old Albanian texts, other Indo-European languages, and typological parallels.Show less
During an internship project at the Koninklijke Bibliotheek (the National Library of the Netherlands; KB) in The Hague the library’s Special Collections’ department requested a project be set up to...Show moreDuring an internship project at the Koninklijke Bibliotheek (the National Library of the Netherlands; KB) in The Hague the library’s Special Collections’ department requested a project be set up to examine the catalogue objects then described only as ‘collections’. Previous digitization projects had shown that these collections often contained prints or Plano’s that had remained uncatalogued as individual objects. The goal for this Plano project was to find and identify the objects in these collections and add them to the library’s catalogue as new, individual entities. During the first stages of the project over 2500 individual prints were discovered to be part of these ‘collection’ catalogue objects. Among these were eight folders of collected materials accompanied by handwritten notes and indexes. These folders were identified as the work of historian Georges-Joseph Gérard (1734-1814). This thesis argues that the eight folders are a part of Gérard’s planned Monumenta Historiae Belgicae project, a large-scale project with the intention of collecting all available source material on the history of the Southern Netherlands. Was the project important enough for Gérard to cut prints out of undamaged books, or did he acquire the source materials through other methods? The folders from the KB show that Gérard was not only an avid note-taker, but also a collector of prints.Show less
Este estudio trata de dos cuentos peruanos de los años '50 que describen la vida en la Lima urbanizada del siglo veinte. Es un análisis de 'Al pie del acantilado' de Julio Ramón Ribeyro, y 'Lima,...Show moreEste estudio trata de dos cuentos peruanos de los años '50 que describen la vida en la Lima urbanizada del siglo veinte. Es un análisis de 'Al pie del acantilado' de Julio Ramón Ribeyro, y 'Lima, hora cero' de Enrique Congrains. El enfoque de la investigación es la presentación del tema de la barriada limeña en los cuentos: el objetivo es analizar cómo estos cuentos influyen en la formación de una imagen sobre esas barriadas. La investigación propone que, aunque en muchos aspectos los cuentos coinciden en cuanto a esta presentación, cada cuento tiene una manera específica en la cual intenta influir el sentimiento del lector en cuanto a la vida en la barriada.Show less
Research master thesis | Literary Studies (research) (MA)
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This thesis attempts to link certain aspects of literary analysis, i.e. character development and rising/falling action, to the phenomenon of the literary epiphany. After providing a general...Show moreThis thesis attempts to link certain aspects of literary analysis, i.e. character development and rising/falling action, to the phenomenon of the literary epiphany. After providing a general definition of epiphany and listing various types of literary epiphany, the thesis focuses on one specific type: the epiphany which comes after a prolonged period of mounting tension culminating in a personal crisis. A new working model is introduced: a logical progression of states of mind or being, moving towards an epiphany which has a lasting effect on the character. Though the visionary moment may be spontaneous, it does not occur haphazardly but rather is the result of a series of consecutive events which lead up to the point of epiphany. This progression can be perceived as an upward spiral representing a mental development towards a wider consciousness, a better understanding of the self and the other, and a greater degree of self-realization or self-actualization. In discussing the phenomenon of the epiphany, some indispensable links are made to the field of psychology, without straying too far from the literary implications. Thus, the literary notions of rising and falling action and character development are tied in to a dynamic rather than a static epiphanic model. It is noted that epiphanies are not an end in themselves, but rather an inherent part of the transitions in life. The thesis explores some of the theoretical background to the literary epiphany, as discussed by Morris Beja, Ashton Nichols, Robert Langbaum, Philipp Wolf, Christel van Boheemen-Saaf, and Wim Tigges. It also attempts to counter Paul Maltby’s postmodern critique and deconstruction of the epiphanic literary tradition. To support the thesis, the various stages in the progression toward epiphany are illustrated with developments in two works of primary literature: James Joyce’s A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man, and Jack Kerouac’s On the Road. Far more succinctly, the proposed model is tested on key developments in three other novels: Kerouac’s The Dharma Bums, Pirsig’s Zen and the Art of Motorcycle Maintenance, and Walker’s The Color Purple. This thesis expresses a professed belief in the mental and moral evolution in man, based on a deep conviction that “truth will out” and that mankind is, in a moral sense, upwardly mobile. Character development is, in this model at least, a development for the better.Show less
