This thesis set out to analyse the eighteenth-century library of Johanna Paauw. If looking at the books in someone's bookcase offers some insight into who they are, what might one conclude on the...Show moreThis thesis set out to analyse the eighteenth-century library of Johanna Paauw. If looking at the books in someone's bookcase offers some insight into who they are, what might one conclude on the basis of Johanna Paauw's bookshelves?Show less
Esta investigación analiza la ‘guerra contra la piratería’ y la criminalización del comercio informal en México mediante un análisis de la política mexicana y los efectos que esta tiene en el mundo...Show moreEsta investigación analiza la ‘guerra contra la piratería’ y la criminalización del comercio informal en México mediante un análisis de la política mexicana y los efectos que esta tiene en el mundo globalizado. Se enfoca en la manera en que el Gobierno mexicano intenta solucionar el problema, influido por relaciones comerciales internacionales. Se analiza específicamente en qué medida el Gobierno mexicano es capaz de cumplir con los acuerdos y tratados internacionales en esta materia. Los escasos resultados en la guerra contra la piratería hacen que las empresas (inter)nacionales pierdan ingresos por su propiedad intelectual con el efecto de que México resulta menos atractivo para las inversiones y que tenga una mala reputación en el mundo empresarial internacional. Solo que esto no resulta en una posición muy desfavorable porque los países más desarrollados son dependientes de México para poder beneficiarse de sus derechos de propiedad intelectual. Por lo tanto, estos países buscan cooperar intensivamente para poder mejorar el sistema de protección de sus derechos en México.Show less
Research master thesis | Linguistics (research) (MA)
open access
The construction of signs in the linguistic landscape (henceforth LL) of a given territory is driven by different reasons, and it can reflect upon an area's cultural, social, political, and...Show moreThe construction of signs in the linguistic landscape (henceforth LL) of a given territory is driven by different reasons, and it can reflect upon an area's cultural, social, political, and economic circumstances. The COVID-19 pandemic that influenced all countries in the year 2020 has kept a common and stable topic for many signs, which provides a unique opportunity to conduct a comparative LL study. The current study investigates COVID-19 related signs displayed on public transport, shop windows, city noticeboards, inside museums and churches in France, Italy, and the Netherlands. By conducting a mixed-method comparative study in three European countries that were (and still are) affected by the pandemic to different degrees, this study contributes to detecting how their multilingual status, identities, cultural values, and socio-political differences are constructed through a combination of linguistic and visual/multimodal representations, using LL signs as a relevant dataset. The data include 766 COVID-19 related signs collected from July to September 2020, in densely populated, urban areas of France, Italy, and the Netherlands. The quantitative and qualitative results show that monolingual ideologies prevail in France, in line with the country's long-lasting "one nation, one language" policy known as "the Toubon Law". The French signs heavily emphasized the importance of following the rules for the sake of safety and public health as well as illustrated the Parisian identity as a fashion hub. France also had the highest number of multimodal signs, showing a greater focus on visual representation to get important messages across during the pandemic. Italy featured a fair amount of English influence on LL signs, which may reflect the importance of tourism to economic recovery in the summer of 2020. A trademark of the Italian data were the many unique and humorous signs, which, alongside the low percentage of government-created signs used during COVID-19, reflect the cultural values of the country (use of humour in response to adverse conditions, preference for individual efforts, distrust of government). The Netherlands featured the highest proportion of English influence in LL signs, in line with the country's high proficiency in English. Minority languages spoken by large immigrant communities were better represented in the Netherlands, showcasing its linguistic and ethnic diversity. Solidarity, collective action and cooperation were emphasized in many COVID-19 related signs, illustrating Dutch cultural values and the fact that people in the Netherlands may have more trust in their government compared with France and Italy.Show less
Josephus (‘Jef’) Carel Franciscus Last (1898-1972) was a Dutch leftist writer, polyglot, and Spanish Civil War volunteer. Though he never became an influential name in Dutch literature in the same...Show moreJosephus (‘Jef’) Carel Franciscus Last (1898-1972) was a Dutch leftist writer, polyglot, and Spanish Civil War volunteer. Though he never became an influential name in Dutch literature in the same way some of his contemporaries managed to, he did maintain several high-profile intellectual friendships across Europe and the Dutch East Indies. He was moreover one of the most dynamic leftists from the Netherlands during the 1930s, travelling to many different countries, as well as constantly developing his precise political allegiances, often leading him to joining new political movements and organisations. This MA thesis is concerned with how this development of his political allegiance precisely materialised, and whether his experiences in the Spanish Civil War definitively cemented his disillusionment with communism towards the late 1930s.Show less
In dit onderzoek staan de ongeschreven regels van de parlementaire democratie, zogeheten conventies, centraal. Ze zijn essentieel voor het functioneren van een democratie, en voorbeelden uit heden...Show moreIn dit onderzoek staan de ongeschreven regels van de parlementaire democratie, zogeheten conventies, centraal. Ze zijn essentieel voor het functioneren van een democratie, en voorbeelden uit heden en verleden laten zien dat schendingen van conventies democratieën kunnen afbreken. Toch hebben Nederlandse conventieschendingen tot nog toe weinig grote gevolgen teweeggebracht. Hoe dat kan is onderzocht door drie incidentenreeksen uit de naoorlogse periode te analyseren. Dat heeft laten zien dat de Tweede Kamer robuust genoeg is geweest om doortastend met conventieschendingen om te gaan. Het gedrag van politiek en pers zorgde daarvoor, alsmede de realiteit van het meerpartijenstelsel en het mechanisme van de kosten-batenafweging. De parlementaire democratie blijft echter niet uit zichzelf gezond, en met name het gedrag van politiek en pers vragen om blijvende oplettendheid.Show less
Dans ce mémoire nous avons exploré le portrait et la « voix » de la protagoniste de « La voix humaine » en l’analysant d’un point de vue musico-littéraire et en comparant les deux « Voix humaines »...Show moreDans ce mémoire nous avons exploré le portrait et la « voix » de la protagoniste de « La voix humaine » en l’analysant d’un point de vue musico-littéraire et en comparant les deux « Voix humaines » de Cocteau et de Poulenc (la pièce de théâtre par rapport à l’opéra). Cela afin de répondre à notre question de recherche : « Comment est-ce que Cocteau a portraituré sa protagoniste dans « La voix humaine » et comment est-ce que Poulenc l'a dépeinte dans la sienne ? » Les aspects formels de la pièce et de l’opéra que nous avons traités tout d’abord, nous ont aidé naturellement à trouver non seulement des similitudes mais aussi des différences entre ces « Voix ». Ainsi, grâce aux choix musicaux et textuels, le compositeur Poulenc a réinterprété aussi bien la pièce de Cocteau que la protagoniste. Nous pouvons conclure que la représentation de la protagoniste est légèrement adaptée dans l’opéra de Poulenc qui en donne sa propre interprétation (surtout plus tendre et calme), alors que l’essence de la pièce de Cocteau et celle d’« Elle » sont restées intactes : une « voix » si « humaine », vulnérable mais finalement étonnement vigoureuse...Show less
In dit onderzoek is de invloed van de Vereniging VluchtelingenWerk Nederland op de (rechts)positie van vluchtelingenvrouwen in de jaren tachtig onderzocht. Aan de hand van documentatie van de...Show moreIn dit onderzoek is de invloed van de Vereniging VluchtelingenWerk Nederland op de (rechts)positie van vluchtelingenvrouwen in de jaren tachtig onderzocht. Aan de hand van documentatie van de organisatie zelf, is het werk en succes van het bureau Vrouwenwerk nader geanalyseerd. Gebleken is dat het bestaan van het bureau op was te delen in drie fases: de pioniersfase, de differentiatiefase en de integratiefase. Werkzaamheden waren onder meer gericht op onderzoek, beleidsbeïnvloeding, organisatievorming en werkgelegenheid. Dit onderzoek heeft een specifieke en gedetailleerde weergave opgeleverd van hoe een belangenorganisatie voor vluchtelingen zich manoeuvreerde in het cross-culturele en interdisciplinaire werkveld. Bovendien laat dit onderzoek zien hoe het bureau Vrouwenwerk het vluchtelingenvrouwenvraagstuk mondiaal op de kaart zette in de jaren tachtig.Show less
This thesis is about power relations behind the development of historically themed videogames set in the Global South. The thesis has taken into account games released in the Western World as well...Show moreThis thesis is about power relations behind the development of historically themed videogames set in the Global South. The thesis has taken into account games released in the Western World as well as in the Global South between 2000 and 2020. The main argument is that historically themed videogames set and developed in the Global South do not have the power to add to, differ from or change the representations made about their countries in the Western World.Show less
This research aimed to understand the different mechanism of integration in France throughout the 1980s. Looking into the difference of strategies held at the national and local level with their...Show moreThis research aimed to understand the different mechanism of integration in France throughout the 1980s. Looking into the difference of strategies held at the national and local level with their degrees of influence and impact of peoples’ daily life. This research focuses on the developed mechanism and framing for integration in France through three distinct governments under the presidency of Valérie Giscard d'Estaing and François Mitterrand. Through diving into parliamentary debates analysis, emerged different framing based on political perception of immigration, integration, racism, exclusion, hatred and policy strategies. While research carried at a local level focused more on social mobilisation and inclusivity to develop a frontal and pacific confrontation to hatred, racism and exclusion. To carry out this study, online and physical archival material documents were selected. The doors of ‘SOS Racisme’ were for the second time in their history open for research. Based on archival material, this study outlined that governance mechanism and different framing elevated at a national and local level of governmentality were different. It was found that due to a lack of understanding and physical exclusion of migrant population, a gap between communities was created. With the election of F. Mitterrand as President, new strategies for integration were develop and laid ground for social mobilisation to form. Hence, leading to a bottom-top approach and new means of understanding for a more fundamental perception of national wide diversity and integration strategies.Show less
The aim of this thesis is to study the intra-Asian textile trade of the Dutch East India Company (De Verenigde Oost Indische Compagnie, hereafter VOC) between the VOC’s establishment in the...Show moreThe aim of this thesis is to study the intra-Asian textile trade of the Dutch East India Company (De Verenigde Oost Indische Compagnie, hereafter VOC) between the VOC’s establishment in the Coromandel region in the southeastern coast of India and the VOC’s regional establishment at Makassar on the island of Sulawesi in Indonesia during the eighteenth century. This thesis focusses primarily on the commercial dynamics of the VOC’s trade in Coromandel textiles to Makassar. The core of the thesis is built upon the trade analysis of the distribution of Coromandel textiles by the VOC in Makassar during the eighteenth century on the basis of the richness of the VOC’s bookkeeping records. The study aims to give an account of the different textile varieties the VOC traded in and the underlying rationale that governed the VOC’s commercial policy of trading in specific categories of Coromandel textiles. Therefore, this study also negotiates the modalities of the VOC’s policy that informed the trade in Coromandel textiles to Makassar during the eighteenth century. The study is situated within the realm of growing literature on the intra-Asian trade of the VOC and hopes to make a contribution to the existing historiographical discourse on the intra-Asian textile trade of the VOC.Show less
This thesis consists of a research on the information networks within the VOC. Within the paper an analysis is made on how violent events affecting the VOC are portrayed within their sources. Did...Show moreThis thesis consists of a research on the information networks within the VOC. Within the paper an analysis is made on how violent events affecting the VOC are portrayed within their sources. Did the contents of these sources and discription about the event change as the information passed higher in the hierarchy of the VOC? How was the use of violence justified? And which role do archival genres play in describing the violence? These questions are answered by means of two case studies. First about the massacre of the Chinese in Batavia in 1740. Second about the uprising on Ceylon in 1760 by Kandy.Show less
The current research project has employed qualitative methods to conduct a language attitude study that gauges the inter-generational perspectives of South Africans about the variety of English...Show moreThe current research project has employed qualitative methods to conduct a language attitude study that gauges the inter-generational perspectives of South Africans about the variety of English spoken in the country and its accents. The objective of this research project is to evaluate how South Africans feel about English, 26 years since the inception of democracy in the country, its role in education, governance and business, and the value they assign to language status. Ten South Africans between the ages of 17 and 65 from the main ethnicities in the country (Black, White, Coloured, Indian, Muslim) have been interviewed according to a semi-structured Interview Protocol. The attitudes of the younger speakers were compared to those that were born in previous generations, before democracy. The phonological properties of the participants’ speech were recorded within the BATH, KIT and GOOSE vowel spaces which have been identified as important social markers in South Africa and the South African English (SAE) sound. The participants pronunciations across the ethnic and social class spectrum were evaluated. The interviews and phonological recordings were conducted according to an elicited communications methodology (computer-mediated) using WhatsApp, Skype and Facebook. The participant attitudes were coded into six categories, i.e. positive, negative, perceptiveness, awareness, overcompensation, political correctness. Their vowel recordings were analysed according to its place of articulation and the presence of fronting. The participants displayed an innate positive attitude toward SAE and its role in stimulating future progress in the country.Show less
This thesis analyses the production and trade of palm oil and rubber from the plantations of East Sumatra in the late colonial period. The aim of this thesis is twofold. Firstly, it shows that the...Show moreThis thesis analyses the production and trade of palm oil and rubber from the plantations of East Sumatra in the late colonial period. The aim of this thesis is twofold. Firstly, it shows that the production of palm oil and rubber in East Sumatra was strongly integrated into the world market and that its evolution was dictated by the Western economies and industries. Secondly, this thesis reconstructs the value distribution and creation within the value chain and shows that the majority of the value creation of soap (a palm oil product) lay in Indonesia, whereas the majority of the value creation of a rubber tyre lay in the West.Show less
The government of the Netherlands had an immediate interest in the political developments on the Arabian peninsula during the 1918-1930 period. Large numbers of its Dutch East Indies Muslim...Show moreThe government of the Netherlands had an immediate interest in the political developments on the Arabian peninsula during the 1918-1930 period. Large numbers of its Dutch East Indies Muslim colonial subjects made the pilgrimage to Mecca and Medina every year. The Indies colonial authorities were bent on controlling and regulating this journey in an effort to control the pilgrims themselves. Especially because Mecca was suspected of being the centre of an anti-colonial conspiracy in the eyes of some officials like the Delft professor and journalist Salomon Keyzer and the Dutch consul at Jeddah J.A. Kruijt . A good working relationship with the authorities of Mecca and Medina and by extent the whole of the Hijaz would certainly help to achieve this. By 1927 this relationship was apparently very good. How did this come to be? The main question of this master thesis will be: how did the different Dutch consuls and Dutch East Indies civil servants perceive the political developments on the Arabian peninsula in the period 1918-1930? I will argue that the observations and conclusions of these two groups, the Jeddah consuls and the Dutch East Indies civil servants, were to a very large extent determined by two different and contrary streams in Dutch colonial philosophy: the ‘ethical school’ and a conservative reaction to this ‘school’.Show less
