A microhistorical approach to the history of New Netherland, which dives into the lives of several families and individuals that lived in the colony of New Netherland to, one, determine what their...Show moreA microhistorical approach to the history of New Netherland, which dives into the lives of several families and individuals that lived in the colony of New Netherland to, one, determine what their influence was on the development of the colony, and two, to show that a microhistory of New Netherland can shed new light on the existing historiography.Show less
Child marriage is connected to several socio-economical and sociocultural factors. Many people make the misunderstanding to link the practice to religion or a specific country/area or claim that ...Show moreChild marriage is connected to several socio-economical and sociocultural factors. Many people make the misunderstanding to link the practice to religion or a specific country/area or claim that "only poor people marry their daughters off at an early age". To what extent are girls protected by their countries laws, and are the underlying causes the same in the three countries or are there significant differences?Show less
This research explores Multiple Religious Belonging (MRB) in contemporary South Korea. It studies whether people express belongings to multiple religions in South Korea, from which religions these...Show moreThis research explores Multiple Religious Belonging (MRB) in contemporary South Korea. It studies whether people express belongings to multiple religions in South Korea, from which religions these belongings are drawn and in which combinations. Furthermore, it researches how self-identified religious affiliation relates to performed religious practices. Lastly, this thesis explores whether complex forms of belonging in the Korean context can be fruitfully studied through the Multiple Religious Belonging paradigm. This is done through a literature study as well as a survey which are both approached through approaches from the MRB paradigm.Show less
USA reality competition television series RuPaul’s Drag Race has seen a rise in popularity since it first aired in 2009 and can be watched in several countries across different platforms. This...Show moreUSA reality competition television series RuPaul’s Drag Race has seen a rise in popularity since it first aired in 2009 and can be watched in several countries across different platforms. This global interest causes the need to translate the series’ English language into other languages. The use of language that is specific to the drag community and gay community, one that is tied to both gender and sexuality, as explored in this thesis, causes the translator to have to deal with community-specific words. A fairly recent phenomenon, the concept of translating this community-specific language and its translation into Dutch has not yet been extensively discussed. This thesis aims to find patterns that are visible in the translation procedures used (based on the concept of translation procedures by Newmark) for the translation of language tied to the drag and gay community, for the Dutch Netflix subtitles of three episodes of RuPaul’s Drag Race. Some of this language is maintained in the audiovisual translation, while other language is modified or removed. This modification or removal might possibly cause a different viewing experience for the Dutch viewer as compared to a viewer who only uses the source text, and causes a loss of meaning of cultural elements related to the drag community.Show less
In this interdisciplinary thesis, I use history and anthropology to research the influence of migration history on the identity construct of Hindostani people in the Netherlands. The work is...Show moreIn this interdisciplinary thesis, I use history and anthropology to research the influence of migration history on the identity construct of Hindostani people in the Netherlands. The work is anthropological because I created data by interviewing 23 participants about their lives and experiences, and historical because I used a framework of scholars who have researched the complex fields of identity, colonialism, migration, and transnational history or have specifically researched Hindostani people and their history. Combining these datasets, I present a case study that goes in depth to find out what the influence of colonial migration is on Hindostani people in a ‘postcolonial’ society such as the Netherlands. The conclusion is a careful but meaningful one, as it offers insights into both the people I interviewed and the society in which they live. This study shows that identity is so complex and personal that migration history has divergent meaning and effect on the lives of individual Hindostanis, so that even pointers such as age and gender cannot indicate the importance of that history to a Hindostani person. The only exception to this was religion, as religious participants ascribed more meaning to their migration history. Their history played a large part in the constructing of their identity and in the raising of their children. Lastly, I argue that both interdisciplinary and microhistory, even though small-scale, are key to historical research, especially of colonial history, by creating data and writing with the people who are the embodiment of that history.Show less
Tijdens de Eerste Wereldoorlog was Nederland neutraal, maar niet onwetend. De oorlog speelde een grote rol in het dagelijks leven van de Nederlandse burgers en zij vormden een beeld over de oorlog...Show moreTijdens de Eerste Wereldoorlog was Nederland neutraal, maar niet onwetend. De oorlog speelde een grote rol in het dagelijks leven van de Nederlandse burgers en zij vormden een beeld over de oorlog die zich elders voltrok. Met mijn scriptie poog ik bij te dragen aan de geschiedschrijving over beeldvorming in Nederland over de Eerste Wereldoorlog door het uitvoeren van een thematische analyse van Nederlandse oorlogsromans. Deze romans geven blijk aan de unieke Nederlandse betrokkenheid, die enerzijds getekend was door afkeur voor de wat zich in de loopgraven afspeelde en anderzijds door de angst voor het behoud van de Nederlandse neutraliteit.Show less
Over the last 30 years, Somalia has experienced a civil war that has torn the country apart. Countless civilians have lost their lives, almost all public institutions have been destroyed, and large...Show moreOver the last 30 years, Somalia has experienced a civil war that has torn the country apart. Countless civilians have lost their lives, almost all public institutions have been destroyed, and large segments of the Somali society have fled abroad to seek shelter (Mohamud 2020, 115). The country experienced a Hobbesian era of anarchy that symbolized what Robert Rotberg classified as “a rare and extreme version of a failed state. (…). a mere geographical expression, a black hole [where] there is dark energy, but the forces of entropy have overwhelmed the radiance that hitherto provided some semblance of order and other vital political goods to the inhabitants (no longer the citizens)” (Rotberg 2004, 9). To end Somalia’s acute state of anarchy and its protracted inter-tribal warfare’s, international multilateral organizations such as the United Nations (UN) and Somalia’s neighbouring countries have sought to mediate relations between the contesting factions that were exercising inter-tribal politics within the country. Three major peace and reconciliation conferences sponsored by the international community have been held to resolve the Somali impasse: the first summit took place in Borama (Somaliland) in 1993, the second in Arta (Djibouti) in 2000, and the third in Mbagathi (Kenya) in 2003. The Borama conference in particular is what led to the self-determination of Somaliland, which is not the theme of this thesis. The topic of this research is to look at the differences between these peace processes. By comparing the nature of these three conferences it is possible to identify practices and models of peacebuilding for Somalia, a country that is seeking stability to this day. Despite these costly peace-making conferences as it cost the United Nations (UN) and donor countries to spend enormous sums of money and resources, Somalia remains fragmented and unstable, with the current federal government barely able to control its capital, Mogadishu (Ingiriis 2020, 10). Through a top-down peace-making approach, the so-called international community (IC) has attempted to solve disputes between powerful actors without incorporating local values, history, expertise, and the everyday experiences of the wider Somali population into the peacemaking processes and ultimately these efforts have failed to produce effective dispute resolution (Ansems 2011, 99). Given these failures, this research attempts to investigate the underlying factors that explain the UN’s liberal peacebuilding approach (which applies a predefined conceptual top-down framework that neglects Somalia’s everyday experiences) and why it failed to bring forth any genuine reconciliation (Glawion 2020, 66). Due to the disconnect between the top-down peacebuilding framework and Somalia and democracy, this paper investigates how an alternative framework called the “pragmatic peacebuilding approach” which moves beyond traditional liberal peace, can facilitate a more practical approach to peacebuilding that is sustainable, reconciliatory and context-specific. This thesis will endeavour to test the following research question and hypothesis. The research question is quite straightforward: the UN’s top-down peacebuilding process has been taking place in Somalia for more than 20 years, why then have the UN’s efforts failed to yield plausible peace results in Somalia? The answer to the research question is based on the following hypothesis: in Somalia, top-down peacebuilding has prevailed over grassroots-level peacebuilding and this is why peacebuilding in Somalia did not succeed. The hypothesis is based on both a historical account of what has happened in Somalia, including Somaliland, since the early 1990s and on the review of the literature on the Somali problem as well as on peacebuilding in general. Somaliland achieved peace vis-à-vis a grassroots model of peacebuilding, while in the rest of Somalia the UN used a top-down approach.Show less
This thesis explores the unusual cultural phenomenon that is South Korea’s high suicide rate. Although influential, South Korea’s competitive society, lack of attention to mental health and...Show moreThis thesis explores the unusual cultural phenomenon that is South Korea’s high suicide rate. Although influential, South Korea’s competitive society, lack of attention to mental health and cultural stigma cannot fully account for why this rate is so high. Therefore, a different aspect must be looked at, namely, The Werther Effect. Through the analysis of the case study of Choi Jin-Ri (Sulli), this research demonstrates how the K-Pop industry may be causing celebrities to take their own lives, thus through mechanism of the Werther Effect, aiding the increase of South Korea’s national suicide rate.Show less
The ethical writings of Alexander of Aphrodisias and of Plotinus both contain discussions on the thesis of the mutual implication of the virtues, which states that having one virtue implies having...Show moreThe ethical writings of Alexander of Aphrodisias and of Plotinus both contain discussions on the thesis of the mutual implication of the virtues, which states that having one virtue implies having them all. Their discussions are furthermore marked by the same term, namely antakolouthein (‘to be reciprocally implied’). Combined with the fact that there are other already established connections between Alexander and Plotinus, these facts raise the interesting question of to what degree Plotinus participates in the debate on the mutual implication of the virtues as is visible in Alexander of Aphrodisias’ Ethical Problems and Mantissa? This thesis provides an answer to this question by comparing both philosophers on the topic of mutual implication of the virtues and by pointing out the differences and similarities. The debate on the mutual implication and the different perspectives will be discussed, as well as the Stoics as opponents in the debate, Aristotle as background to Alexander and the origin of the debate and of the term antakolouthein.Show less
Met de opkomst van gratis nieuwsmedia en het internet zijn veel lokale media in het gedrang gekomen. Ondertussen hebben hyperlokale media een nieuwe manier van informeren, verbinden en controleren...Show moreMet de opkomst van gratis nieuwsmedia en het internet zijn veel lokale media in het gedrang gekomen. Ondertussen hebben hyperlokale media een nieuwe manier van informeren, verbinden en controleren ontdekt. Deze media nemen de deels weggevallen functies van lokale media waar en richten zich met name op de verbindende functie. Vaak gaat het om initiatieven die klein en gratis beginnen en opereren in een geografisch afgebakend gebied als een wijk of een dorp. In veel gevallen worden ze gerund door individuen en speelt internet een grote rol in het bereiken van hun publiek. In deze scriptie is met name de verbindende functie van de hyperlocals onderzocht. Op welke manier stimuleren ze de sociale cohesie in hun gemeenschap? Het onderzoek is een casestudy van twee hyperlokale media in Middelburg: Wij zijn de stad en Middelburgers. Een kwantitatieve inhoudsanalyse en twee diepte-interviews met redacteuren van beide media geven antwoord op de onderzoeksvraag: Hoe draagt de berichtgeving van hyperlokale media bij aan de sociale cohesie in Middelburg? Om dit te onderzoeken is gebruik gemaakt van een bestaande theorie, opgesteld door Delhey en Dragolov (2016) en later geconcretiseerd door Leupold et al. (2016). Deze theorie onderscheidt negen dimensies, in feite manieren waarop media sociale cohesie onder hun publiek kunnen bevorderen. Voor het kwantitatieve deel is er een inhoudsanalyse uitgevoerd op het werk van Wij zijn de stad en Middelburgers, beide gevestigd in de Zeeuwse hoofdstad Middelburg. Voor de casestudy zijn 80 artikelen van deze twee hyperlokale media geanalyseerd. Om te zien wat motivatie van de auteurs achter het gebruik van de dimensies is, zijn er ook twee interviews afgenomen met de huidige eindredacteuren van beide media. De resultaten wezen uit dat sociale cohesie inderdaad een belangrijk onderdeel van de berichtgeving van de hyperlokale media is. De redacteuren zijn bewust bezig met het verbinden van het publiek en hebben daar hun eigen visies op. Niet elke dimensie die Leupold et al. (2016) onderscheiden, is even relevant voor de redacteurs. Dat is terug te zien in de inhoudsanalyse. Ook tussen beide media zijn verschillen waarneembaar. Voor Wij zijn de stad is identificatie erg belangrijk, dat wil zeggen het schrijven over onderwerpen die typerend zijn voor de regio en waar het publiek zich dus in kan herkennen. Bij Middelburgers vertrouwen in instellingen een grote rol speelt. Deze dimensie gaat met name over het functioneren van de lokale politiek.Show less
