Bu araştırmanın konusu Elif Shafak’ın en son Kıbrıs’taki anlaşmazlık hakkında olan kitabı ‘Ağaçları kayıp olan Ada’daki hatıra söylemleri olmaktadır. Yirminci asrın başlangıcında Rum ile Türk...Show moreBu araştırmanın konusu Elif Shafak’ın en son Kıbrıs’taki anlaşmazlık hakkında olan kitabı ‘Ağaçları kayıp olan Ada’daki hatıra söylemleri olmaktadır. Yirminci asrın başlangıcında Rum ile Türk Kıbrıslıların arasında gerilimlerin ortaya çıkmasıyla, şimdiki siyasi hedeflere ulaşmak için geçmişle şimdiki zaman hakkında çeşitli hikayeler oluşturulmuştur. Bu hikayeler çoğunlukla Sağ ile Sol siyasal akımlarına göre ayırt edilebilir; Sağdakiler kendi etnik grubunun katlanması gereken haksız eziyetini vurgularken ve milliyetçi düşünceleri savunurken, Soldakiler ortak eziyeti vurgular ve milliyetçiliği aşmak ister. Bu hikayeler hatıra bilimleri bölümünde ‘hatıra söylemleri’ olarak bilinir ve aynı olaylar hakkında farklı gruplar tarafından çeşitli hatıraların oluşturulmasına atfetmektedir. Shafak’ın kitabı Kıbrıs’taki anlaşmazlık hakkında olan ilk roman olduğuna göre, anlaşmazlığın edebiyattaki sunması hakkında bugüne dek hiçbir akademik araştırma yapılmamıştır. Bu nedeniyle, bu araştırmanın amacı Shafak’ın kitabında belirli bir hatıra söylemi kullanıp kullanmaması ve kullanmışsa Kıbrıs’taki anlaşmazlığın hakkında olan hatıra söylemlerine uyup uymadığını ortaya çıkarmak olmaktadır. Bu araştırmanın metodolojisi qualitative content analysis, yani kategorizasyon aracılığıyla elde edilmiş verilerin derinlemesine analiz olmaktadır. Bu yöntemin bulguları Shafak’ın Sağcı ve milliyetçi düşüncelerinin romanında tanımlaması, ama desteklememesi olmaktadır. Aksine, kitap milliyetçiliği karşılamak amacıyla çoğunlukla milliyetçiliği aşan ve hem Rum hem Türk Kıbrıslılar için ortak bir Kıbrıslı kimlik sağlamaktadır.Show less
Het doel van deze scriptie is om de impact van de COVID-19-pandemie op het Turkse onderwijs te onderzoeken. Het Turkse onderwijs kampte al voor de pandemie met ernstige problemen, zoals...Show moreHet doel van deze scriptie is om de impact van de COVID-19-pandemie op het Turkse onderwijs te onderzoeken. Het Turkse onderwijs kampte al voor de pandemie met ernstige problemen, zoals kansenongelijkheid. Door kansenongelijkheid hadden sommige leerlingen geen toegang tot ICT-voorzieningen. Tijdens de pandemie werd er overgestapt naar het afstandsonderwijs, waardoor de verschillen in toegang tot technologie, oftewel de digitale kloof, verergerden. Alhoewel de digitale kloof impactvol was voor alle middelbare scholieren, was het mogelijk problematischer voor 12e-klassers. Zij bereidden zich namelijk voor op de toelatingstoets voor de universiteit. Er zijn echter geen onderzoeken die de gevolgen voor 12e-klassen in de context van de digitale kloof onderzoeken. Om dit (gedeeltelijk) tegemoet te komen, is een enquête gehouden. Uit de enquêteresultaten bleek dat onvoldoende technologische mogelijkheden het grootste obstakel vormde. Leerlingen konden hun lessen niet bijwonen of voortzetten door verbindingsproblemen met het netwerk/systeem, dat werd veroorzaakt door het ontbreken van een (stabiele) internetverbinding. De digitale kloof, en kansenongelijkheid, had aanzienlijk meer gevolgen voor leerlingen die in een dorp woonden, en/of naar openbare scholen gingen. Ook is geconstateerd dat door COVID-19 kansenongelijkheid is toegenomen, doordat sommige leerlingen privélessen kregen of naar een dershane gingen en anderen niet. Tot slot speelt ongelijkheid in onderwijskwaliteit tussen 12e-klassers van tijdens COVID, en 12e-klassers van voorgaande jaren.Show less
This paper discusses that Saudi Arabia is undergoing a transformation as they implement many liberal reforms. These reforms are not isolated but are part of a strategic framework called Vision 2030...Show moreThis paper discusses that Saudi Arabia is undergoing a transformation as they implement many liberal reforms. These reforms are not isolated but are part of a strategic framework called Vision 2030. This is to ensure that Saudi Arabia becomes more attractive to the Western world as a tourist hotspot and to do business with. This paper analyzes some of these reforms within the framework of vision 2030.Show less
Recent is er hernieuwde aandacht voor de studie naar sociale mobiliteit in premoderne islamitische samenlevingen. In navolging hiervan onderzoekt dit werkstuk de sociale mobiliteit van vier artsen...Show moreRecent is er hernieuwde aandacht voor de studie naar sociale mobiliteit in premoderne islamitische samenlevingen. In navolging hiervan onderzoekt dit werkstuk de sociale mobiliteit van vier artsen die in de twaalfde eeuw studeerden in Abbasidisch Bagdad, daarna in Damascus carrière maakten als arts en in dienst gingen van het Zengidische of Ayyubidische hof. In deze periode kwam Damascus op als centrum voor geneeskunde. Artsen gaven de voorkeur aan Damascus ten opzichte van Bagdad. Door de sociale mobiliteit van de artsen te bestuderen en contextualiseren wordt inzichtelijk gemaakt welke sociale, politieke en economische factoren in beide steden hieraan ten grondslag liggen.Show less
The mythical half-snake, half-woman creature named Shahmeran from the Middle East has made an appearance in a controversial artwork highlighting LGBTQ+ oppression and faithbased misogyny during the...Show moreThe mythical half-snake, half-woman creature named Shahmeran from the Middle East has made an appearance in a controversial artwork highlighting LGBTQ+ oppression and faithbased misogyny during the Boğaziçi University student protests in early 2021. Shahmeran is an old and known symbol in the region, especially in the diverse areas of south-eastern Turkey, northern Iraq and Iran. She is most probably a remainder of ancient mother goddesses, and was changed overtime to be adopted by the Islamic community with her own story with the help of early Indo-Iranian literary culture, thus making her a pre-Islamic phenomenon. Traditionally, Shahmeran is used primarily for oral storytelling, literature, and art, but also serves as an important talisman for protection against the evil eye and adversity, as well as for happiness and prosperity. The use of Shahmeran in a student protest at a famous university to highlight social issues is a significant change compared to her traditional roles in the region’s folk beliefs. In response to these events, I based my research on the use of Shahmeran as a political symbol for minority groups such as the LGBTQ+ community and the Kurds. This research was conducted by analysing existing Turkish literature, various artworks and news articles. Shahmeran is an inherently non-binary creature, with both female and male sexual characteristics, making her an important symbol for the LGBTQ+ community and gender expression in general. For Kurds, Shahmeran is used as a symbol of resistance against the Turkish state. Both minority groups in Turkey use art with her in it to express their political realities.Show less
This thesis looks at the postcapitalist potential of NGO practices in the occupied Palestinian territories. Specifically, this thesis discusses the Palestinian NGO Ma’an Development Center and to...Show moreThis thesis looks at the postcapitalist potential of NGO practices in the occupied Palestinian territories. Specifically, this thesis discusses the Palestinian NGO Ma’an Development Center and to what extent it promotes a specific form of postcapitalism known as the Community Economy in the context of the Palestinian NGO sector as a whole. The goal of this thesis is two-fold: 1) adding a new dimension to the study of NGOs in the occupied Palestinian territories and 2) enriching postcapitalist scholarship with a case study from an understudied geographical area.Show less
In 2015 former president Reuven Rivlin claimed that Israel needs a redefinition of Israeliness to preserve the Israeli society. According to him, a new national identity must be created, with which...Show moreIn 2015 former president Reuven Rivlin claimed that Israel needs a redefinition of Israeliness to preserve the Israeli society. According to him, a new national identity must be created, with which all citizens can identify. When looking at the Israeli educational system, it becomes apparent that such a redefinition is necessary. As multiple studies have shown, the Arab- Palestinian community in Israel is not only marginalized in terms of the quality of the educational system, but also with regards to the contents of the education, mainly -but not limited to- in the field of history education, which amongst others ignore Palestinian perspectives on the ongoing Arab-Israeli conflict and which deny Palestinian belonging to the country. As this thesis shows, bilingual schools in Israel offer a radical alternative historical narrative that includes Palestinian perspectives, that treats Jewish and Palestinian identities on an equal basis and that at the same time creates an overarching narrative (or if you wish Israeliness) which connects both communities. At the same time however, this thesis argues that the success of the alternative historical narrative at bilingual schools is limited due to the same inequalities the education tries to counter, namely the lack of classes on Palestinian/Middle Eastern history, the continuing dominance of Jewish-Israeli frameworks for teaching history and the dominance of the Hebrew language. Nonetheless, although progress can still be made, the alternative approach to education of bilingual schools provide an inspirational basis for redefining Jewish-Palestinian relationships in the future.Show less
