Huidig onderzoek richt zich op de impact die menselijke nieuwsbronnen hebben op het journalistieke proces bij regionale en lokale kranten in Zuid-Holland. Uit eerder onderzoek blijkt dat een...Show moreHuidig onderzoek richt zich op de impact die menselijke nieuwsbronnen hebben op het journalistieke proces bij regionale en lokale kranten in Zuid-Holland. Uit eerder onderzoek blijkt dat een menselijke nieuwsbron op verschillende manieren invloed kan uitoefenen op een stuk, namelijk door inzage, autorisatie of veto (Bakker et al., 2013). Van verhalen uit de praktijk blijkt dat journalisten tegenwoordig vaker door de nieuwsbron worden verzocht tot inzage voor publicatie (Redactie Beroepseer, 2018; Van der Linden, 2022). De onderzoeksvraag die is geformuleerd luidt: Welke impact heeft de menselijke nieuwsbron op het journalistieke proces bij lokale en regionale kranten in Zuid-Holland? Het onderzoek richt zich daarbij ook op deelvragen die ingaan op hoeverre inzage en aanpassingen door nieuwsbronnen voorkomen, hoe journalisten hiermee omgaan en welke handelingen daarbij ontstaan. De onderzoeksvraag en deelvragen zijn onderzocht aan de hand van 11 semigestructureerde interviews met regionale en lokale journalisten in Zuid-Holland. Een deel van deze journalisten is werkzaam bij een grote redactie, een deel is gekarakteriseerd als een eenmansredactie (waar slechts één betaalde journalist de krant in elkaar zet) en enkele respondenten zijn freelancers. De resultaten wijzen uit dat inzage systematisch voorkomt in de regionale en lokale journalistiek. De mate waarin journalisten inzage toezeggen lijkt te verschillen per soort redactie. Ook aanpassingen buiten feitelijke onjuistheden om komen systematisch voor, maar in veel mindere mate dan inzage. Het proces rondom inzage en aanpassingen kost journalisten tijd terwijl zij al veel tijdsdruk ervaren. Desondanks verzetten journalisten zich nog regelmatig tegen aanpassingen door de nieuwsbron wanneer zij het hier niet mee eens zijn. Regionale en lokale journalisten rapporteren al met al dat zij nog met kritische blik naar aanpassingen door de nieuwsbron kunnen kijken.Show less
This research examines the conflict against extractivist development in Ecuador, emphasising the resistance of civil society over the past few decades. It explores into the formation of counter...Show moreThis research examines the conflict against extractivist development in Ecuador, emphasising the resistance of civil society over the past few decades. It explores into the formation of counter-hegemonic resistance and its entwinement with decolonial praxis within the Ecuadorian context. This study claims that this resistance advocates for a reimagined concept of development that demands decolonial and epistemological efforts. Through a localized analysis of this developmental paradigm, it investigates the emancipatory nature of these environmental struggles, hypothesizing that they challenge not only the dominant developmental model but also the very concept of development itself.Show less
The present thesis takes on the topic of how polarity focus works in the Catalan language. It focuses on the sequences formed by a polarity element sí “yes” or no “no”, combined with que to...Show moreThe present thesis takes on the topic of how polarity focus works in the Catalan language. It focuses on the sequences formed by a polarity element sí “yes” or no “no”, combined with que to introduce a clause, forming sí que, sí que no and no que no sentences. These sequences have been studied in the literature individually, but not a lot has been said in terms of comparison. Thus, the aim of this thesis is to compare and analyze the sentences introduced by these sequences, as well as their distribution based on their triggers and the context they appear in. The account given indicates various findings. Firstly, sí/no + que sequences can introduce answers to polarity questions, as well as respond to a previous utterance indicating polarity emphasis. Moreover, they can also be used in contrastive settings. However, the three sequences cannot always appear in the same contexts unrestrictedly. Case and point, it is argued that sí que no and no que no are not interchangeable, despite both of them seemingly denoting negative polarity emphasis.Show less
This thesis investigates the visual promotion of government-constructed female identities and addresses the question of how the North Korean government visually constructs the ideal female citizen....Show moreThis thesis investigates the visual promotion of government-constructed female identities and addresses the question of how the North Korean government visually constructs the ideal female citizen. It does so to uncover the underlying narratives that the North Korean state seeks to promote about womanhood, national identity, and allegiance to the regime. It conducts extensive literature research on the current field of study to generate theories and variables to test. Using a mixed methods approach, it examines 130 North Korean propaganda posters and 272 depicted characters between 2000-2010. This study finds that the posters greatly emphasise a dichotomy between male and female duties and characteristics. The North Korean regime employs diverse strategies in symbolism and composition that equate most female identities to docile and demure and put them in charge of delegating traditional culture. It can be interpreted that the regime seeks to visualise nationalised womanhood that connects the citizens through tradition, culture, and community.Show less
The central research question of this thesis is ‘How can we define the concept of integrity for the purpose of realizing an adequate tool to normatively assess the actions of public officials in...Show moreThe central research question of this thesis is ‘How can we define the concept of integrity for the purpose of realizing an adequate tool to normatively assess the actions of public officials in both a desirable and feasible way?’. The thesis aims to: (1) demonstrate how the relevant norms, values, virtues and principles relate to integrity in a fundamental way; (2) contribute to reducing the ambiguous nature of integrity of governance; (3) advance the ongoing process of defining integrity as an ‘essentially contested concept’. First, the thesis establishes that integrity should be regarded as an ‘essentially contested concept’, according to the conditions set out by Gallie (1956). Second, the thesis develops a ‘multidimensional account of integrity of governance’, as I contend that it is possible to formulate a sufficient definition of integrity in regard to particular contexts. The multidimensional account defines integrity of governance on the basis of five aspects, which are indebted to existing philosophical accounts of integrity, and operate jointly as necessary elements to explain the wholeness of integrity of governance: (1) communityidentification (FL), which constitutes the formal limits; (2) community-constitution (ML 1) and standing for community values (ML 2) as the moral limits; and (3) the fundamental principles and moral norms and values (MC 1) and the framework of virtuous judgement (MC 2) as the moral content. Third, the thesis will exemplify how the multidimensional account accounts for several criticisms inherent in the existing philosophical theories of integrity, as well as argue that the potential objections of demandingness, disagreement, and indistinctiveness do not invalidate the multidimensional account.Show less
Deze scriptie onderzoekt de associatie van seksuele problematiek en buitenlandse werknemers in de periode 1967-1970. In deze kritische discoursanalyse staat de Commissie Seksuele Problematiek...Show moreDeze scriptie onderzoekt de associatie van seksuele problematiek en buitenlandse werknemers in de periode 1967-1970. In deze kritische discoursanalyse staat de Commissie Seksuele Problematiek Buitenlandse Werknemers centraal. Uit het onderzoek komt naar voren welke seksuele problematiek met deze groep werd geassocieerd en waarom, en wordt duidelijk waarom gemengde relaties tussen buitenlandse mannen en Nederlandse vrouwen geproblematiseerd werden. Hiermee draagt het zowel bij aan literatuur over arbeidsmigratie als literatuur over gemengde relaties.Show less
Nederlandse troepen zetten in voormalig Nederlands-Indië veelvuldig brand als wapen in, onder andere tijdens de Atjehoorlog en de dekolonisatieoorlog. In deze scriptie wordt in een diachrone...Show moreNederlandse troepen zetten in voormalig Nederlands-Indië veelvuldig brand als wapen in, onder andere tijdens de Atjehoorlog en de dekolonisatieoorlog. In deze scriptie wordt in een diachrone vergelijking geanalyseerd welke motieven militairen in hun egodocumenten opvoerden voor de inzet van brand. Vervolgens zal worden onderzocht of en hoe deze motieven zich laten duiden binnen een bepaald raamwerk, bijvoorbeeld binnen de environcide-these van historicus Emmanuel Kreike, of binnen militair-strategische kaders. Zo beoogt deze scriptie niet alleen inzicht te bieden in de vraag of er sprake was van continuïteit dan wel verandering wat betreft de inzet van brand als wapen in voormalig Nederlands-Indië, maar ook in de vraag of en hoe de opgevoerde motieven zich laten categoriseren.Show less
The tritone paradox is a compelling auditory illusion discovered by Diana Deutsch in 1986. Upon hearing a tritone interval (i.e. a tone pair related by half an octave) such as A#-D, any one...Show moreThe tritone paradox is a compelling auditory illusion discovered by Diana Deutsch in 1986. Upon hearing a tritone interval (i.e. a tone pair related by half an octave) such as A#-D, any one listener might hear it ascend, whilst another listener might hear the same interval descend. The illusion is based on Shepard tones (1964), which are simple to identify in terms of pitch class, but complex in terms of specific relative tonal height. This makes it difficult for two of such tones spaced at an equal distance to determine which tone is higher than the other. However, much remains unknown about the different interpersonal factors that contribute to the mental strategies that lead to deciphering the complex intervals as either ascending or descending. Previous research suggests that not someone’s musicality, but the language variation spoken and heard during childhood might influence their perception of the tritone paradox. More specifically, it is thought that experience pertaining to the pitch range of a language would shape our general interpretation of which pitch classes are heard as higher or lower than others, in turn affecting our perception of the tritone illusion (Deutsch, 1987, 1990, 1994, 2004, 2007; Deutsch et al, 1991). In an attempt to unravel this psychoacoustic mystery further, this study examines the relationship between musical, spoken, and perceptive behaviour of people who had grown up in the Netherlands speaking Dutch as their first language. Therefore, a group of 29 native Dutch participants were recruited for an online experiment. After completing a short background survey, the participants received a perception task in which they needed to identify tritone paradox intervals as either ‘falling’ or ‘rising’, and they were asked to record themselves reading aloud a passage of text, from which F0 measurements were drawn. Additionally, participants were presented with a tailored version of the Musical Ear Test (Correia et al., 2021, adapted from Wallentin et al., 2010), a standardised test to index their level of musicality. Based on the findings from these tasks, it was concluded that a) Dutch listeners of the tritone paradox follow a perception pattern similar to Californian American listeners (their mental orientations of the pitch class circle, reflecting which pitches they generally perceive as relatively higher than others, are both centred around peak pitch classes C-C#); b) level of musicality is not a key factor in someone’s perception of the tritone paradox; and c) (Dutch) pitch range in speech does not correlate with perception of the tritone paradox. Nevertheless, since the (confirmed) hypothesis that Dutch and Californian listeners react similarly to the illusion was based solely on pitch range literature, it is expected that future replication of the study with a larger and more balanced participant population, and an improved methodology pertaining to spoken data collection could find more conclusive support for the theory that spoken pitch range influences tonal perception. Doing so would further contribute to gaining insight in the psychological connections between our spoken language and how we personally experience the auditory world around us.Show less
Songbirds are used as a model of language acquisition due to the parallels between birdsongs and human language. While previous comparative research has focussed on syntax, phonetics, and phonology...Show moreSongbirds are used as a model of language acquisition due to the parallels between birdsongs and human language. While previous comparative research has focussed on syntax, phonetics, and phonology, prosody remains understudied in this context. Intensity is significantly present both in human language and in zebra finch songs. In human language, it is part of prosody which is used for conveying meaning and as part of a language’s phonology. In both humans and songbirds, vocalisations are learned and comparative studies on different aspects of vocal learning processes contribute to a greater understanding of the learning process. This thesis studied seventeen zebra finch nests to analyse whether intensity levels were based on the position within song units or based on the element type. Structured levels of intensity could indicate a pattern resembling prosodic patterns in human language. The results show a strong correlation between the intensity levels based on element type and a slightly less strong correlation between intensity levels and the position in the motif. This suggests that incorporating intensity in a song is part of the vocal learning process for zebra finches, similar to human language, indicating a suprasegmental role.Show less
When individuals receive compliments, they often want to accept them while maintaining modesty, creating a dilemma in how to respond. Studies on compliment responses have demonstrated various...Show moreWhen individuals receive compliments, they often want to accept them while maintaining modesty, creating a dilemma in how to respond. Studies on compliment responses have demonstrated various strategies that people employ in these situations. Given that text messages have become a large part of communication nowadays, it is interesting to determine which compliment response strategies are utilised in text messaging, as it has different response possibilities and limitations than face-to-face interaction, and has not been studied yet. Therefore, this study examines the responses to compliments (among acquaintances) via text messages. These responses are categorised to provide an overview of the strategies used in written communication. The results indicate that ‘accepting’ strategies were the most frequently employed, with ‘thanking’ being the most common response, generally accompanied by an emoji or affectionate words (e.g., “aww,” “my love,” “homie”). Even ‘deflecting’ strategies were predominantly only used in combination with an accepting strategy.Show less
Dit onderzoek neemt zestiende-eeuwse vroedvrouwen in Vlaamse en Brabantse steden onder de loep. Vanuit Foucaults theorie over biopolitiek wordt er onderzocht waarom autoriteiten, specifiek de...Show moreDit onderzoek neemt zestiende-eeuwse vroedvrouwen in Vlaamse en Brabantse steden onder de loep. Vanuit Foucaults theorie over biopolitiek wordt er onderzocht waarom autoriteiten, specifiek de stadsraden en de Katholieke Kerk, vroedvrouwen en vroedkundige praktijken poogden te reguleren aan de hand van stadsordonnanties. In dit onderzoek wordt een evolutie van vroedkundige reguleringen uitgediept en genuanceerd.Show less
