Stereotypes that existed years before, were used in campaigns and extended its premises. This paper investigates its consequences for policymaking, as the measures aiming to curb fraud were harming...Show moreStereotypes that existed years before, were used in campaigns and extended its premises. This paper investigates its consequences for policymaking, as the measures aiming to curb fraud were harming the poor.Show less
In this thesis, research has been done into the role that the US Radio broadcast played before and during the Hungarian Revolution of 1956. The overarching research question was: Does the United...Show moreIn this thesis, research has been done into the role that the US Radio broadcast played before and during the Hungarian Revolution of 1956. The overarching research question was: Does the United States share part of the blame for the Hungarian Revolution because of the anti-communistic radio propaganda they send to the Hungarian people before and during the Revolution in 1956? Two methods were used to find an answer to this question. Firstly, a wide variety of literature to determine the state of the historiographical field and a stand in the discussion if the US shares part of the blame. With this literature, the essential background information was provided to be able to understand the historical setting of the primary sources. Secondly, a case study was carried out while reviewing a good amount of primary material (93 interviews with Hungarian Refugees in the U.S. provided by the Columbia University Research Project on Hungary (CURPH) in 1957 and 1958) in a qualitative way. With this combination, new information about the thoughts and views of the Hungarian people on the Western radio broadcast and their influence embedded in the existing debate was provided. The final conclusion of this thesis is that the Hungarian people enjoyed listening to the radio programs that were sent to them by the U.S. It gave them news and entertainment from the outside world and therefore a sense of freedom. Yet, they did not believe everything they heard and remained critical, especially on the RFE. The influence of the anti-communistic propaganda was that most people expected help from the western world, especially the U.S., if a revolt were to take place. During the Revolution, the U.S. radio broadcast kept giving the Hungarian people this hope, but the U.S. did not intervene in the Revolution. Therefore, many Hungarians were rightly disappointed in the U.S. It can therefore be stated that the U.S. does indeed share part of the blame for the Hungarian Revolution.Show less
De Parijse occulte en symbolistische kringen stonden bekend om de traditionele waarden die zij propageerden tegen onder andere de feministen van het fin-de-siècle. Joséphin Péladan (1858-1918)...Show moreDe Parijse occulte en symbolistische kringen stonden bekend om de traditionele waarden die zij propageerden tegen onder andere de feministen van het fin-de-siècle. Joséphin Péladan (1858-1918) lijkt hierin geen uitzondering wegens zijn conservatieve, traditionele, en christelijke gedachtegoed. Maar heeft hij met Sémiramis wellicht zijn eigen misogyne tendens, en daarmee ook de bestaande stereo- en archetypen van zijn tijd doorbroken?Show less
