This thesis is an overview of problems of violence towards indigenous people across the world and seeks to analyze how these groups protect themselves through lack of government support. Then,...Show moreThis thesis is an overview of problems of violence towards indigenous people across the world and seeks to analyze how these groups protect themselves through lack of government support. Then, there will be looked into the problems of violence within Brazil and how it relates to environmental crime. The indigenous groups Pataxó and Tupinambá will be used as a case study to look into the violence in the Northeast of Brazil. There will be an analysis of how the Brazilian indigenous protect themselves against violence from land owners invading their lands.Show less
Muralism is known as a highly politicised form of art in Post-revolutionary Mexico. The movement is best known for works by painters such as Diego Rivera, David Alfaro Siquieros and José Clemente...Show moreMuralism is known as a highly politicised form of art in Post-revolutionary Mexico. The movement is best known for works by painters such as Diego Rivera, David Alfaro Siquieros and José Clemente Orozco; together referred to as Los Tres Grandes. The last of these three, Orozco, refutes any political interpretation of his work, but is that justified? The thesis shows that, in Katharsis, through visual language and subject matter, suggestions are generated about the artist’s views on Mexico’s sociopolitical context at the time. These reflections are in line with elements of anarchist theory.Show less
The present thesis investigates the interplay of media narratives and political transitions in Brazil by focusing on the specific press coverage of the Amazon’s conservation and indigenous security...Show moreThe present thesis investigates the interplay of media narratives and political transitions in Brazil by focusing on the specific press coverage of the Amazon’s conservation and indigenous security throughout Jair Bolsonaro and Lula da Silva’s terms. The research examines whether the change in presidency influenced the press’ narratives on these critical issues. The study analyzed a variety of articles from Folha de S. Paulo, O Globo and R7 – three of Brazil’s most read outlets – using Critical Discourse Analysis. The findings showcase a significant shift in the discourses used by both Folha and O Globo associated to the change in President. During Bolsonaro’s presidency, both Folha and O Globo portrayed the politician as undermining the rule of law and democracy, drawing on authoritarian discourses, and strongly criticizing policies detrimental to the Amazon and indigenous communities. Since Lula’s re-election, both news outlets changed their discourses, considerably more positive. Despite this, the three news outlets remain critical and skeptical of the new president’s ability to uphold his promises, and maintain their watchdog reporting role. The research underscores the influential role of media in shaping discourses and shed lights on the evolving journalistic practices responding to political change. Ultimately, this thesis contributes to studies of the relation between the politics and the press in Brazil by illustrating the press’ ability to mitigate their narratives adapting to political transitions.Show less
In the complex landscape of Latin American politics, the interactions and relationships between non-state actors and the authorities, and the influence these have on the creation and implementation...Show moreIn the complex landscape of Latin American politics, the interactions and relationships between non-state actors and the authorities, and the influence these have on the creation and implementation of policies relating to public security remains a topic which could benefit from further academic exploration. This research aims to provide insight into the complexity through examining the evolution of non-state actors, their roles and the influence this had had on public security strategies during the presidencies of Hugo Chávez and Nicolás Maduro in Venezuela.Show less
This paper examines the historical and cultural background of Cinema Novo, an important film movement in Brazil. The study explores the factors that sparked the movement, such as the political...Show moreThis paper examines the historical and cultural background of Cinema Novo, an important film movement in Brazil. The study explores the factors that sparked the movement, such as the political tensions and oppressive military dictatorship that followed the coup d'état in 1964, as well as the economic inequalities brought on by the economic miracle of 1968. The study looks at the sociological changes, class disputes, and tensions in Rio de Janeiro, tracing them to earlier occasions like tax demonstrations and societal changes brought on by the abolition of slavery and the establishment of the Republic. It emphasizes the division between the ruling class—whose aspirations were based on European ideals—and the working class, who suffered as a result of their oppressive behavior. As a member of the Third Cinema movement, Cinema Novo sought to defy the stereotype of being perceived as "lesser" and "barbaric" by giving voice to the downtrodden and straying from Hollywood's formulaic filmmaking. The impact of Brazil's economic dependence on Europe on its social and political dynamics is also covered in the article. It places a strong emphasis on film Novo's contribution to altering Brazilian film as a response to Brazil's economic and political difficulties. The research examines the creative and political aspects of influential films from the movement, including "Deus e diabo na terra do sol" ("Black God, White Devil"), "Terra em Transe" ("Entranced Earth"), and “O Bandido da Luz Vermelha” ("The Red Light Bandit").In order to criticize Brazilian society and the dominant power structures, these films broke with established narrative conventions, looked into sociopolitical topics, and used cutting-edge technology. The significance of film Novo's long-lasting influence on Brazilian film and its pivotal role in creating a new mindset that reflects a nation in transition are emphasized in the paper's conclusion.Show less
