The term “Latin America” is used as the common denominator that encompasses a large region with several countries whose traditions, language, and colonial background share a set of common...Show moreThe term “Latin America” is used as the common denominator that encompasses a large region with several countries whose traditions, language, and colonial background share a set of common characteristics. The paper explores the meaning of Latin American archaeology through the examples of Peruvian and Argentinian national archaeologies—the historical development of both countries and their respective archaeologies from the Colonial period to the present. The countries are first analyzed separately with a focus on their socioeconomic status and the influx of foreign theoretical trends and their impact on the development of archaeology within the context of colonialism and post-colonialism. At the beginning of the twentieth century the focus shifts on onto the “functioning” of archaeology through its legislative frameworks, university training programmes, and public archaeology. These elements are used to compare the archaeologies of Peru and Argentina to reveal their characteristic, and potentially the way in which colonialism and subsequent historical events pushed the development of archaeology. Four cases are presented with the intention of providing insight into how the theory is applied in practice. It was concluded that the pre-colonial history of the countries and their subsequent treatment significantly impacted the development of two markedly different national archaeologies who appear similar in theory but diverge in practice—when the current situation of archaeological practice and the most rudimentary elements keeping “Latin America” together are put into perspective, the archaeologies of the two countries appear to have less in common than they do at first glance.Show less
Russia and Argentina have been, for different reasons, two important international actors over the course of the 20th century. During the 1990s, both countries have undergone a process of economic...Show moreRussia and Argentina have been, for different reasons, two important international actors over the course of the 20th century. During the 1990s, both countries have undergone a process of economic restructuring guided by the International Monetary Fund, at the end of which both experienced a financial crisis (Russia in 1998, Argentina in 2001). This thesis tries to place these events in historical perspective and share a snapshot on the similarities and differences of these experiments, according to the principles of world-system theory. The aim of the research is to determine whether there was a causal relationship between the neoliberal policies implemented at the beginning of the decade and the crises. A central finding of the research is that there is a specific trajectory of economic development and institutional response in semi-peripheral areas, which builds on the presence of weak democratic institutions and debt spirals.Show less
This thesis analysed the hydropolitical relations between Argentina and Paraguay during the period from 1960-1994. More specifically, it applied the framework of hydro-hegemony on the hydroelectric...Show moreThis thesis analysed the hydropolitical relations between Argentina and Paraguay during the period from 1960-1994. More specifically, it applied the framework of hydro-hegemony on the hydroelectric Yacyretá Dam, shared by Argentina and Paraguay. By analysing semi-structured interviews and secondary sources, it was found that Argentina aimed to establish its hegemony over Paraguay and to consolidate the Yacyretá Dam's resources during the period under scrutiny. It did not succeed in this endeavor, however, since Argentina was balanced by Brazil, for which Paraguay could maintain pendular diplomacy.Show less
This study investigates the manifestation of Islamophobia in Argentina’s capital of Buenos Aires and its effect on the Muslim communities. By looking at the historical context of migration and the...Show moreThis study investigates the manifestation of Islamophobia in Argentina’s capital of Buenos Aires and its effect on the Muslim communities. By looking at the historical context of migration and the current visibility of the community, this study demonstrates that Islamophobia is only limited experienced by the Muslim communities in the city due to a generally low level of islamophobia and high degree of efficient integration. Comparatively analysing the case of Buenos Aires to other case studies from predominantly catholic countries with an Islamic minority, this study finds that the current tendency of Islamophobia does not affect the integration of Muslims in the society of Buenos Aires. Furthermore, the Argentinean national identity and the Islamic religious identity co-exist and are currently not threatened by Islamophobia.Show less
Cash conditional transfer programs have become a popular policy option in developing and middle-income countries to both decrease poverty and increase human capital. Through the use of a difference...Show moreCash conditional transfer programs have become a popular policy option in developing and middle-income countries to both decrease poverty and increase human capital. Through the use of a difference in difference quantitative analysis, this article analyzes how the Asignación Universal por Hijo (a CCT program implemented in Argentina in 2009) has affected both school enrolment rates and youth work since its implementation. The main argument of this research is that, due to the increase in income for eligible families and the conditions of the program, there should have been an increase to school enrolment and a decrease to youth work. The findings of the article suggest that work and school are fully substitutable for one another as the results show that the program resulted in an increase in school enrolment that was matched by a similar decrease in youth work. Specifically, the program seems to have been particularly effective in reducing work and increasing school enrolment of teenage males.Show less
Bitcoin, since its birth in 2009, has been subject to large debates on multiple dimensions, especially on the question whether it embodies a viable monetary alternative to fiat currencies. Previous...Show moreBitcoin, since its birth in 2009, has been subject to large debates on multiple dimensions, especially on the question whether it embodies a viable monetary alternative to fiat currencies. Previous research has suggested that in countries dealing with severe inflation, Bitcoin can indeed have helpful monetary implications. This thesis is concerned partly with finding out the exact relationship between inflation and Bitcoin usage via regression analysis, as empirical support for the notion that they are positively associated is currently lacking. Additionally, a case study considering Argentina is conducted to gain a deeper understanding about the possible correlation between inflation and Bitcoin usage. Argentina is an example of a country under enormous inflationary pressure, and the literature indicates that Bitcoin is being used here to evade value losses from depreciation of the domestic currency. Two ways can be deduced from theory about the exact way Bitcoin fulfills this role, involving either its “store of value” or its “vehicle currency” function. Via a survey design combined with a content analysis, there is aimed to identify which role is more significant in the Argentinian context. Finally, there is reflected on the findings in the light of preceding theory, and implications are discussed for a range of different actors.Show less
This research aims to examine the impact of the abortion rights movement on Argentinian society in the feminist struggle for the legalization of abortion and the broader demand for the recognition...Show moreThis research aims to examine the impact of the abortion rights movement on Argentinian society in the feminist struggle for the legalization of abortion and the broader demand for the recognition of sexual and reproductive rights. The findings of this research are based on several semi-structured interviews with female scholars and members of women's and/or feminist organizations carried out in the period of September-October 2020. It considers the concepts of biopolitics and feminist activism to assess the strategies, objectives, obstacles, and achievements of the abortion rights movement.Show less
Recent feminist movements, such as Ni Una Menos, have been protesting Argentina’s gendered social structure since 2015, which has been challenged and evolved over the past 40 years through the...Show moreRecent feminist movements, such as Ni Una Menos, have been protesting Argentina’s gendered social structure since 2015, which has been challenged and evolved over the past 40 years through the actions of other social movements. As Argentina entered a new period of economic uncertainty in 2018, Ni Una Menos emerged as a key actor in opposing the government’s economic policies, seemingly drifting away from its original goal to advance women’s rights in the country. This thesis therefore analyses the movement’s motivations behind its involvement in protesting the current debt crisis in Argentina. It finds that economic crises undoubtedly impact women to a higher extent than men, explaining Ni Una Menos’ involvement. Furthermore, an analysis of the declaration of strike of March 8th, 2020, suggests that the movement might be motivated by a desire to increase its mobilisation base. By using the consequences of the economic crisis and the implications of the debt to foster critical consciousness in the Argentine population, it can increase protests and advocate for deeper structural change.Show less
This paper describes the transitions of the last four decades in the Pampa region in Argentina, which happened through international interference. It gives a coherent explanation on how...Show moreThis paper describes the transitions of the last four decades in the Pampa region in Argentina, which happened through international interference. It gives a coherent explanation on how multinational corporations based in other countries than Argentina, have grown in the last couple of decades, and expanded their power in the rural Pampas, and how this affected the personal and financial situations in the region.Show less
At times of both authoritarian and democratic rule, Latin American cities have witnessed the outpouring of unconventional artistic expressions. Therefore, the thesis is positioned in an area...Show moreAt times of both authoritarian and democratic rule, Latin American cities have witnessed the outpouring of unconventional artistic expressions. Therefore, the thesis is positioned in an area overlooked by academic work: the region’s multifaceted history of political defiance. Specifically, it explores the political impact of urban artistic practices in the popular struggle to end the impunity in the Argentina of the 80s and 90s. The thesis argues these practices have the potential to problematize the institutional narrative regarding what truth should be told about the last military dictatorship. As such, the thesis presents the close reading analysis of “silueteadas” and “señales viales”. These are two different modes of street art that were developed in Buenos Aires urban landscape during the last year of the dictatorship and the post dictatorship period, respectively. After providing the necessary historical background as well as the theoretical overview in relation to the intersection of arts and politics, I explore the ways in which the “silueteadas” and “señales viales” succeeded to publicly punish the perpetrators of state-supported terrorism.Show less
The European Union (EU) imports Genetically Modified (GM) Staple Crops (SC) for animal feed and to be used in food chain production. GM SC are imported mostly from the United States, Canada, Brazil...Show moreThe European Union (EU) imports Genetically Modified (GM) Staple Crops (SC) for animal feed and to be used in food chain production. GM SC are imported mostly from the United States, Canada, Brazil and Argentina. However, this is generally not public knowledge. This is partly due to EU policy on the cultivation of GM being highly regulated. Hence the belief of some that the EU is a GM-free zone. On a global perspective, the EU is one of the most conservative users of GM. One could talk of a European culture of anti-GM. For some, this culture has been intervening with science and has been prospering misinformation and mystification of GM. This has been argued to put Food Security, Safety and Sustainability at risk. Hence, the current model of Agricultural Policy in the EU is not Responsible. It is therefore important to deconstruct the culture that has formed around GM in the EU to be able to understand the discourse narrative and to analyse the decision to not cultivate but import GM SC.Show less
This study investigates interactions between Argentine and Spanish anarchist educationalists at the beginning of the 20th century. Drawing on the concepts of transnationalism and cultural transfer,...Show moreThis study investigates interactions between Argentine and Spanish anarchist educationalists at the beginning of the 20th century. Drawing on the concepts of transnationalism and cultural transfer, this paper demonstrates that Argentine rationalist educationalism was a transnational phenomenon. Iberian mediators brought the teachings of the Catalan pedagogue Francisco Ferrer to the Southern Cone through physical migration or anarchist media. In Argentina, local anarchists received his alternative educational ideas and adapted them to local socio-political conditions.Show less
This thesis discusses the reinvigoration of the Malvinas/Falklands claim during the Kirchner administrations(2003-2015) in Argentina. It shows how the Malvinas issue can serve as a tool for...Show moreThis thesis discusses the reinvigoration of the Malvinas/Falklands claim during the Kirchner administrations(2003-2015) in Argentina. It shows how the Malvinas issue can serve as a tool for populist and nationalist policies and strategies. In a more general sense, this thesis dives into what the Malvinas issue means for the Argentinians and why it remains an important part of Argentina's foreign policies.Show less
In recent years the International Monetary Fund (IMF) has evidenced an increased attention to inequality, directly responding to concerns about adverse impacts of IMF fiscal consolidation policies....Show moreIn recent years the International Monetary Fund (IMF) has evidenced an increased attention to inequality, directly responding to concerns about adverse impacts of IMF fiscal consolidation policies. This thesis explores whether and to what extent the increased attention to inequality observed in the agency’s public presentation has been accompanied by substantive changes in its policies. It does so through an exploration of continuity and change in the IMF’s operations in Argentina. With its recent history of recurrent fiscal crises and turbulent politics, Argentina is a particularly interesting context in which to explore continuity and change in the IMF’s policy and practices. The thesis finds that while the IMF’s increased attention in equality is indeed reflected in its policies, the changes are modest when compared to earlier loan arrangements and that a gap remains between the agency’s rhetorical statements on inequality and the practical implications of its policies. In so doing, the thesis contributes to scholarship on the IMF and the political economy of contemporary Argentina.Show less
The following thesis uses Critical Discourse Analysis to perform a qualitative examination of four statements made by pro-choice campaigners during the 2018 abortion legalisation campaign in...Show moreThe following thesis uses Critical Discourse Analysis to perform a qualitative examination of four statements made by pro-choice campaigners during the 2018 abortion legalisation campaign in Argentina. On August 8th, 2018 the Argentinian Senate held a historic vote in which they rejected the request to make reproductive laws less restrictive. The following work hypothesises that the statements released by pro-choice campaigners were made to rebel against the concepts of marianismo and motherhood in order to attempt to reconstruct the traditional female gender identity in Argentina. It finds that the campaigners used the discourse within their statements to try to create a new framework for Argentinian women in which they could rebel against the traditional constraints of marianismo and redefine their position in society. Furthermore, within the statements, the research identifies the formation of a collective sisterhood against patriarchal institutions and oppressive structures.Show less
