In deze scriptie is onderzoek gedaan naar hoe jonge Nederlandse journalisten van kleur diversiteit en inclusiviteit ervaren op de redacties waar ze werken. Beide thema’s krijgen in het...Show moreIn deze scriptie is onderzoek gedaan naar hoe jonge Nederlandse journalisten van kleur diversiteit en inclusiviteit ervaren op de redacties waar ze werken. Beide thema’s krijgen in het medialandschap de afgelopen jaren geregeld aandacht, maar toch slagen veel redacties er niet in om hun berichtgeving en personeelsbestand representatief in te richten in overeenstemming met hun doelgroep. In deze context is het nog niet eerder voorgekomen dat specifiek jonge journalisten, van 35 jaar of jonger, aan het woord komen bij dit onderwerp. Deze groep journalisten van kleur heeft een kwetsbare positie, aangezien ze over het algemeen nog weinig werkervaring hebben opgedaan in het medialandschap. Dat neemt niet weg dat juist deze groep over een unieke vorm van kennis beschikt die een wezenlijke toevoeging kan zijn aan de oplossing om het Nederlandse medialandschap succesvol te diversifiëren en inclusief te maken. Door juist met de mensen in gesprek te gaan die vaker worden uitgesloten en overgeslagen of zich vaker moeten aanpassen, kan in beeld worden gebracht op welke manier redacties terreinwinst kunnen boeken. Door twaalf semigestructureerde diepte-interviews met jonge Nederlandse journalisten van kleur af te leggen, is laten zien hoe deze journalisten kijken naar de diversiteit en inclusiviteit op hun redacties. Deze ervaringen lopen sterk uiteen en zijn in vijf categorieën ondergebracht. Elke categorie wordt besproken aan de hand van verschillende ervaringen. Door te laten zien waar het bij de negatieve ervaringen tekortschiet, kan worden blootgelegd hoe machtsverhoudingen bij deze tekortkomingen een cruciale rol spelen. Dominante redactieculturen kunnen er op deze manier voor zorgen dat een deel van de geïnterviewden zich uitgesloten voelt en zich genoodzaakt ziet om zich continu aan te passen. Dat is op zijn minst zorgwekkend te noemen en daarom is er actie nodig.Show less
Een cultuurhistorische analyse van Nederlandse diplomaten in de twintigste eeuw, waarbij in de eerste plaats op basis van diplomatieke memoires een beeld geschetst wordt van de grote veranderingen...Show moreEen cultuurhistorische analyse van Nederlandse diplomaten in de twintigste eeuw, waarbij in de eerste plaats op basis van diplomatieke memoires een beeld geschetst wordt van de grote veranderingen in de habitus en persona van de de diplomaat en de diplomatieke cultuur in Nederland tussen 1900-2000. Tegen de achtergrond van een democratiserende maatschappij bleef het corps diplomatique lange tijd een bastion van adel en patriciaat, waarbij een belangrijke brugfunctie was weggelegd voor corporale studentenverenigingen. Na de Tweede Wereldoorlog begint een decennialange transformatie, waarbij het aristocratische karakter van de diplomatie geleidelijk aan plaatsmaakt voor een meer bureaucratische bedrijfscultuur.Show less
In 2017, the documentary film "Landless Moroccans" was released which shed light on the expulsion of the Guich Oudaya tribe from their land in the capital city of Rabat as well as their protest...Show moreIn 2017, the documentary film "Landless Moroccans" was released which shed light on the expulsion of the Guich Oudaya tribe from their land in the capital city of Rabat as well as their protest against this expulsion. This thesis investigates what the film can reveal about political claim-making and state-society struggles in contemporary Morocco. By focusing on how the state is addressed and claims are attempted to be legitimized, it argues that the film produces a good vs. bad dichotomy between the monarchy and the state which uncovers the authoritarian environment within which dissent is voiced in Morocco. This dichotomy reflects a state discourse aimed at diverting state critique from the monarchy to the government and other executive authorities. Applying Pierre Bourdieu's field theory, this research illustrates that the film's reproduction of state discourse is at once a proof for its internalization as well as a strategy to position the protest safely vis-à-vis the regime. The discursively produced dichotomy identified in this thesis can thus give further insights into the ways in which civil society actors may navigate protest in authoritarian settings.Show less
The concepts of Class and leadership have been lately neglected in the study of Social Movements. This thesis surveys the theoretical reasons to bring these two back to analyze the Lebanese October...Show moreThe concepts of Class and leadership have been lately neglected in the study of Social Movements. This thesis surveys the theoretical reasons to bring these two back to analyze the Lebanese October Revolution of 2019 (LOR). Using semi-structured interviews with relevant activists of the movement, this thesis concludes that LOR's leadership is better understood as a collective, horizontal action composed by individuals with very high cultural and social capitals but more heterogeneous economic capital.Show less
There is a decisively limited amount of attention paid in English scholarship towards the lived experience of the 1999 NATO bombing of Yugoslavia by the citizens of Belgrade. Even more so, there is...Show moreThere is a decisively limited amount of attention paid in English scholarship towards the lived experience of the 1999 NATO bombing of Yugoslavia by the citizens of Belgrade. Even more so, there is a very little amount of scholarly examination of the series of concerts held by the city council of Belgrade in response to the bombings, titled “Song Has Kept Us” (Pesma Nas Je Održala), and the intriguing manner in which they contributed to the political landscape of Yugoslavia under the Milošević era. This thesis aims to address this gap in the literature to highlight the value of cultural production to Slobodan Milošević’s regime by uncovering the fascinating way in which stylistic and sonic choices regarding the concerts and the historical context in which the concerts took shape helped produce a desired political meaning and identity that benefited the state. I will argue that these concerts were organized in such a way to promote unity and nationalism amongst the Yugoslavian people, cultivate resistance against NATO forces, and advance a historical narrative that depicted Yugoslavia (or Serbs) as the innocent and just victims of aggression despite strong (Western) criticism of military and police violence in Kosovo and, previously, the Yugoslav wars. It appears convincing that the political outcomes of the concerts were meant to directly or indirectly contribute to upholding state hegemony in Yugoslavia. The series of concerts are discussed within the context of Belgrade as an arena of sonic warfare, wherein the concerts counteracted NATO sonic booms that were meant to weaken morale and induce fear. Although the relationship of music to politics is traditionally recognized for music’s utility as a method of resistance against the political status quo, the series of concerts illustrate how these same qualities can be utilized by the state to maintain support whilst uplifting the people. The case will hence illustrate how state-organized concerts can act as a powerful political weapon amid international conflict.Show less
This thesis is about the social recovery of Japanese elderly after disasters, more specifically after the 3.11 disaster. The theory of Pierre Bourdieu was used to analyze the difficulty of elderly...Show moreThis thesis is about the social recovery of Japanese elderly after disasters, more specifically after the 3.11 disaster. The theory of Pierre Bourdieu was used to analyze the difficulty of elderly to recover on a social level from disasters by looking at the amount of social capital that elderly might have before the disaster and what social capital they could lose as a result of that. It appears that the elderly do not necessarily have more difficulty to recover socially from a disaster because of the amount of social capital they generally possess. This forms a contrast with the general stereotypes of the elderly.Show less
This Master Thesis is written for the master Arts and Culture at Leiden University, with the specialization Early Modern and Medieval Art. In 2013, the canals of Amster-dam celebrated their 400th...Show moreThis Master Thesis is written for the master Arts and Culture at Leiden University, with the specialization Early Modern and Medieval Art. In 2013, the canals of Amster-dam celebrated their 400th birthday, a fact that inspired several authors in publishing books on this subject, most of them discussing several houses on the canals. This Thesis focuses on one canal house in Amsterdam, with address Amstel 218. This specific canal house is nowadays the location of one of Holland's largest and most important private art collections, the Six Collection. This collection has been located on Amstel 218 since 1915, and this study handles the period before this time. The chosen period is 1665-1800, from the moment the house was built until the end of the eighteenth century. This focus on the eighteenth century derives from, first of all, the fact that the Dutch seventeenth century or Golden Age has been rewarded much more attention in the existing (art)historical literature. Next to this, in the literature that does focus on the eighteenth century, a strong opinion is visible deeming this century less interesting from cultural historical viewpoint than its predecessor. This Thesis aims to bring focus to this period and hopefully uncover the lives of the people that owned a canal house in Amsterdam. The aim is to find out who lived in such a house, and to complete the face of these people, questions are asked such as: what did these people do professionally, were they born in a rich milieu or were they self made rich? What did their social surrounding look like, both professionally and in terms of family and friends and what were their interests, what did they do for recreation and education. To answer these questions, original eighteenth century archival documents are investigated to see what these home-owners did and what possessions they had. The goal of this Thesis is to give a face to these people, and see how the studied per-sons fit into the view that exists in current literature on the eighteenth century. This study will be carried out with the help from terms as formulated by French sociologist Pierre Bourdieu. These three terms are introduced in his book 'Distinction', that mainly deals with the topic of social stratification. The formulated terms are social, cultural and economic capital and are important in distinguishing a persons personal properties on a social, cultural and economical level. Abbreviated, social capital consists of the entire social network that a person has, both professionally and personally. Cultural capital is the collection of ones educational properties, together with for instance musical or creative talents, or the ability to speak different languages. Economic capital is the entire concrete possession of money, property and other goods or affairs that can instantly be translated into monetary value. These three terms are inextricably connected, because the growth in one specific area can influence that of the others. For example, expansion of economic capital can provide the owner with more social status. The other way around, social status or connections can provide jobs or other financial support and thus influence the economic capital. The first chapter elaborated these terms further, as well as it discussed Bourdieus influence on (art)historical literature. It also discussed the work of histori-ans Maarten Prak and Thera Wijsenbeek-Olthuis, whose literature on the Dutch eighteenth century is very important in this Thesis’ aim to draw an image of the lives of people in this period. ` The second chapter discussed the house itself and the entire history of its inhabitants. Amstel 218 was built in circa 1665, and archival documents show who owned the house from that day until today. As well as the history of the inhabitants, the chapter discussed all known architectural adjustments that the house has seen through the ages. This chapter unveiled that there were large differences in the duration of the ownership. Some owners stayed for six years, while others could last for thirty. In terms of the architectural history of the house, the extent to which the owners made adjustments to the house also differed greatly. The third chapter presented all the information found in archival documents, per owner. It discussed marriage, children, professional functions and religion of these owners, all discovered in original sources. Differences became clear in all aspects. While everyone got married, some families remained childless where others had five children. Amongst the owners were roman-catholics, Calvinists and a Baptist. The chapter discussed what these religious viewpoints meant at the time, as well as what their jobs represented. Several of the inhabitants were merchants, others had functions with the VOC and one of them worked as an auctioneer. This chapter also reviewed the information about their financial situation, derived from testaments or other financial documents. The fourth chapter discussed the lives of these people in their social historical context, guided by Bourdieus terms. In this chapter, it becomes clear that these people are exemplary of the social historical context, as formulated by different historians. The eighteenth century was defined by interest in science, a great divide between the poor and the rich, a longing for peace and quiet outside of the city and a great care for the exposition of status. Based on the original sources is concluded that these owners probably suited their time. This Thesis has tried to sketch an image of the lives of the people that lived in a grand canal house in Amsterdam, in the eighteenth century. Based on archival documents, we have learned what these people did for a living, what their social net-work could look like and what they had in terms of possessions. Although these people came from different social standings, they all owned the same house at some point. The sources disclosed that these people had more in common than just the house, for they shared some of the same interests and possessions, such as almoner ship, literature, religion, a love for the countryside and, most of all, the tendency to show off their social, cultural and economical status.Show less
