The cemetery of Putten had a close relation between structure and chronology. Even though the cemetery has not been completely excavated in the twenties of the 20th century, it is possible to make...Show moreThe cemetery of Putten had a close relation between structure and chronology. Even though the cemetery has not been completely excavated in the twenties of the 20th century, it is possible to make several assumptions based on the available data. A newer plan has been included in the attachment, showing not earlier published structures of the cemetery. These newly added parts offer a great help with the analysis of structure and chronology. The eldest part of the excavated cemetery can be connected to small circular structures consisting of postholes or ditches, which encircled a cremation. A possible new start of a cemetery seemed to have been made after the cremation burials were no longer in use and a transition was made to inhumation graves. This new start was located more to the east of the cemetery and consisted of rich graves. Here a distinction could be made between graves that belonged to females and males. These graves could have been encircled by either a single or double circular ditch. Finds included weaponry, pottery, brooches, etc. Around this core a younger zone was situated. These graves contained burials joined only by the combination of knives with buckles or necklaces. The amount of finds that was in the older zone has been reduced to the above combination only. A distinction between genders is no longer possible to make. No skeletal material was collected from any inhumation graves, mostly due to the poor condition they were in when they were excavated and an assumption cannot be made on finds alone. This zone and the older zone with the ‘rich’ graves also had postholes around the graves. Other elements were also situated in these two zones, such as: double graves and differently orientated graves. This disappeared over time with the circular ditches and the burial gifts. The outer zone of the excavated cemetery is a zone without any finds.Show less
In this thesis the difference in fracture pattern between women and men are investigated. The material originates from 10 early Anglo-Saxon settlements situated in the United Kingdom (Alton, Butler...Show moreIn this thesis the difference in fracture pattern between women and men are investigated. The material originates from 10 early Anglo-Saxon settlements situated in the United Kingdom (Alton, Butler’s Field, Kingsworthy, Chichester, Great Chesterford, Castledyke South, Blacknall Field, Mill Hill, Norton and Buckland). This research relies on the analysis of the osteologist reports of these cemeteries. The early Anglo-Saxon period is a transitional phase from the Late Roman to the Anglo-Saxon period and dates from AD 450-650. We do not know much about the social and economic change that happend in this period. We see the abandonment of urban settlements from the Roman period to adaption of small rural settlements in the early Anglo-Saxon. This research is interesting because this research has not been done before and will hopefully give us new insights in the early Anglo-Saxon period. The results from this thesis show that there is a significant difference between fractures of men and women in the cranium, clavicle and fibula. However, as most of the fractures did not contain a proper description of the fractures, an explanation could not be given to the clavicular and fibular fractures. The cranium could be analysed. Eighty-four per cent of the cranial fractures could be appointed to interpersonal violence. These cranial fractures occurred significantly more often in males than in females.Show less
