This thesis analyses the role of the socio-political landscape for the constantly changing burial rituals of mainland Spain during the early medieval period. Mainland Spain contains a highly...Show moreThis thesis analyses the role of the socio-political landscape for the constantly changing burial rituals of mainland Spain during the early medieval period. Mainland Spain contains a highly complex socio-political landscape, with different kingdoms, cultures, and religions entering and spreading across the urban and rural areas alike. The related burial practices of these socio-political units are all identified and well-known, but this information lacks accessibility and an overview. Therefore, a simple, yet extensive overview in the form of an open database was created for this research, with the goal of visualizing different transformations in burial rituals and practices. 14 unique archaeological sites were selected, resulting in 15 database entries. Besides general burial information and rituals, four common burial practices were used to display any change or continuation within the dataset, being grave goods, location within the wider landscape, body position, and grave furniture. I found that the dataset mostly coincides with the standard burial rituals of the related cultures and religions. Changes in the socio-political landscape, such as the introduction of monotheistic religions (i.e. Christianity, Islam), heavily coincide with large transformations in burial rituals. Almost every funerary aspect changes according to the standardized burial rituals forced upon by the elites in power, in the form of top-down processes. However, a multitude of exceptions, such as unique burial practices, were present in the dataset. These irregularities were most likely caused by either an admixture of populations, causing burials to combine into different separate burial practices, or rural populations resisting both top-down processes and the admixture of populations, by practicing local beliefs and traditions in mostly isolated burial areas. The effect of the environment on burial rituals is also an important factor, as certain unique burial practices were the sole result of the buriers adapting to specific environments. Thus, this thesis has shown the influence of the socio-political landscape on burial practices, resulting in change, continuation, and irregularities to occur, while also providing a database that can be expanded in the future by adding more sites and funerary aspects, which will increase in accessibility of this information to researchers and the public alike.Show less
Bachelor thesis | Film- en literatuurwetenschap (BA)
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De politieke ontologie van het individu als netwerk laat zien hoe een rouwproces komt te fungeren als een vorm van verzet in de korte film _when_scrolling_becomes_scrying (Janilda Bartolomeu, 2023)...Show moreDe politieke ontologie van het individu als netwerk laat zien hoe een rouwproces komt te fungeren als een vorm van verzet in de korte film _when_scrolling_becomes_scrying (Janilda Bartolomeu, 2023). Aangezet door de rouw om de plotselinge dood van haar vader, dwaalt Janilda door online datasporen en, al dan niet bewust op zoek, treft ze een digitaal nalatenschap van fragmenten van vroegere aanwezigheid aan. Hoe gaan we in de hedendaagse genetwerkte wereld om met (on)sterfelijkheid online? De scriptie brengt verschillende aspecten van _when_scrolling_becomes_scrying in verband met verschillende academische concepten. Enkele van de theoretici die voornamelijk aangehaald zullen worden zijn Lev Manovich (databasevorm) in hoofdstuk 1, Gilbert Simondon (metastabiele individuatie) in hoofdstuk 2, en Gilles Deleuze (virtualiteit) in hoofdstuk 3. Alle aspecten zullen samen komen in een conclusie over de plek van rouw in de genetwerkte wereld en de weerstand die het daarin kan bieden.Show less
The main purpose of this thesis is to investigate in how and why encyclopedic projects by archival based photographers, challenge and counter the figure of the digital database. The yearning for...Show moreThe main purpose of this thesis is to investigate in how and why encyclopedic projects by archival based photographers, challenge and counter the figure of the digital database. The yearning for collecting or ‘archive fever’ (as defined by Jacques Derrida) is still found in some contemporary art projects. Consequently, in a world where more and more objects, documents and photographs are stored digitally, the question remains why some photographers resort to the archive as their working method and continue to display their works through analogue techniques such as the book and the installation. In order to understand the working method these artists adopt, this thesis shares them under the position of ‘the-photographer-as-archivist’. This thesis considers two case studies, firstly Parallel Encyclopedia #1 (2007) by Batia Suter (1967) and secondly The Universal Photographer (2018) by Anne Geene (1983) and Arjan de Nooy (1965). Their projects are assessed visually as well as theoretically, using the method of visual research as proposed by Gillian Rose. This method bases itself on the three modalities of technology, composition and social elements that surround visual imagery. The research has shown that both of the explored works, contain anti-database characteristics such as physicality, materiality and narrativity as their most prominent features. This means that in terms of discourse they comment on the structure, active accumulation, the usage and functioning of the digital database.Show less
This master’s thesis focusses on fake objects within a museum context. Theoretical and practical methods are combined to create a complete overview of both proposed views on fake objects as well as...Show moreThis master’s thesis focusses on fake objects within a museum context. Theoretical and practical methods are combined to create a complete overview of both proposed views on fake objects as well as the practical ways fake objects are handled within museums in order to compare theory and practice. Theoretical research focusses on the way authenticity can be determined in archaeological objects, display methods of fake objects, and views on how fake objects should be handled. Practical research took place in the National Museum of Antiquities in the Netherlands, here curators and the director of the museum were interviewed about their stance on fake objects. Would a known inauthentic object be displayed in exhibitions? What prerequisites would a fake object have to meet to be displayed? What ways of determining authenticity take priority? Are fake objects handled in any way different from authentic objects? The museum database has been thoroughly searched for fake objects and whether or not they are mentioned to be fake at all, and in the case that they are, in which category of the database they are indicated to be fake. During research, it was discovered that the use of the database is mostly unstructured which means that the term fake might be in any category. As a result, it was possible to deduce where the employees of the museum thought it was best to mention the object was fake. Comparison between the database within the museum and the one open to the public from the website of the museum also provided insight into how much of this information is available to people outside of the museum. This thesis shows there are some fundamental differences between how authentic objects, and those objects that are seen as inauthentic are handled within the museum. First and foremost, within the database.Show less
De vondsten uit Wijchen-Berendonk behoren tot de zogenaamde 'werkvoorraad' van het Odyssee-programma. Deze werkvoorraad bestaat uit inventarisaties van oude (nood) opgravingen die nooit zijn...Show moreDe vondsten uit Wijchen-Berendonk behoren tot de zogenaamde 'werkvoorraad' van het Odyssee-programma. Deze werkvoorraad bestaat uit inventarisaties van oude (nood) opgravingen die nooit zijn uitgewerkt. Men heeft - verspreid over verschillende opgravingscampagnes - voor 4 jaar opgegraven tussen de periode van 1976-1980. Tijdens het aanleggen van enkele proefputten stuitten men al op enkele stukken vuursteen die destijds werden aangemerkt als 'Vlaardingencultuur'. Deze scriptie is met name gericht op het beantwoorden van enkele basale vragen als: waaruit bestaat het vuursteen en over welke cultuurgroepen/perioden spreken we? Uit het onderzoek bleek dat er met name uitgangsmatriaal, productiemateriaal en diverse werktuigen zijn gevonden. Verder bleek met zekerheid dat er Neolitisch materiaal aanwezig is maar er twijfel bestaat of er ook Mesolitisch en/of Bronstijd materiaal aanwezig voorkomt. Duidelijke bewoningspsoren - op basis van het onderzoek naar vuursteen - ontbreken voor zowel het Mesolithicum als het Neolithicum.Show less
