This research explored students' trust in ChatGPT, in answering challenging trivia questions on an online multiple-choice questionnaire. Despite extensive research on ChatGPT's capabilities, a...Show moreThis research explored students' trust in ChatGPT, in answering challenging trivia questions on an online multiple-choice questionnaire. Despite extensive research on ChatGPT's capabilities, a significant gap in the literature remains regarding human trust in this AI system, particularly in educational contexts. This study aimed to assess to what extent do university students trust this novel AI, uncovering biases towards or against AI-generated responses. Using a between-subjects design, we manipulated answer source transparency and correctness. Each question presented participants with one human-generated and one AI-generated answer option. The results were analysed through paired samples and independent two-sample t-tests, alongside Ordinary Least Square (OLS) regression models. The findings revealed a distinct preference for human-generated content, which persisted even when answers were incorrect. This indicated a lower level of trust in ChatGPT among our participants, implying that they did not over-rely on AI-generated content. Surprisingly, the trend leaned towards an over-reliance on human-generated responses.Show less
In dit onderzoek wordt er gekeken naar neolithisatie in huidig rugklaseducatie en hoe het zich verhoudt tot wetenschappelijk onderzoek over dit onderwerp. Dit wordt gedaan omdat dit onderwerp van...Show moreIn dit onderzoek wordt er gekeken naar neolithisatie in huidig rugklaseducatie en hoe het zich verhoudt tot wetenschappelijk onderzoek over dit onderwerp. Dit wordt gedaan omdat dit onderwerp van belang is en goed behandeld moet worden. De geaccepteerde basiskennis wordt uit de afgelopen 10 jaar van onderzoek gehaald en vergeleken met wat er wordt gedoceerd op de MAVO, HAVO en het VWO. De basiskennis relateert zich aan de verspreidingsmethode van neolithisatie, de interacties tussen jager-verzamelaars en boeren en boeren onderling, en de impact die neolithisatie had op de omgeving. Verder worden er suggesties voor veranderingen in het onderwijs gedaan, zoals het verwijderen van incorrecte en gedateerde informatie en meer betrokkenheid van archeologen in het onderwijs. Verder worden er suggesties gedaan voor vervolgonderzoek. Uit dit onderzoek komt dat er overlap is tussen de huidige geaccepteerde basiskennis in de wetenschap en de lesmethodes, maar dat er ook punten zijn die missen en beter kunnen.Show less
The launch of the advanced language model ChatGPT has raised many concerns among teachers and educators as they fear the students will use it to do their written assignments for them. An initial...Show moreThe launch of the advanced language model ChatGPT has raised many concerns among teachers and educators as they fear the students will use it to do their written assignments for them. An initial response might be to ban the technology, such that the students have to write every word themselves again. However, one can also take one step back and question what it means that the work a student is expected to do is replaceable by a chatbot. Also, there seems to be a problem with their intrinsic motivation to learn. The fixation on tests and results seems to be one of the main causes for these two issues, as the focus on the end product makes it easy to skip the learning process leading to it, while that process is what motivates students to learn and grow. To revisit the aim of learning and teaching, I will draw upon the insights of the Chinese philosopher Confucius. His ideas on moral education will be used to create a better understanding of the current education system and the role of technologies such as ChatGPT within that. Most important are the emphasis on self-reflection, life-long learning and the role of the dialogue.Show less
This paper researches Burkina Faso, an African country that is known for its performance of Female Genital Mutilation (FGM), a form of violence against women and girls. Does a higher level of...Show moreThis paper researches Burkina Faso, an African country that is known for its performance of Female Genital Mutilation (FGM), a form of violence against women and girls. Does a higher level of education for women decrease the performance of FGM in developing countries? The research is about FGM in Burkina Faso which eventually allows us to say more about the influence of educational levels on the performance of FGM in general. In Burkina Faso, we have seen a decrease in the prevalence of FGM over the last 10 years. Even though FGM has been banned since 1996 the practice is still very common. Even now more than 70% of girls and women underwent this operation (Equality Now, 2021). We will do a statistical analysis to show the relationship between education and the prevalence of FGM. We also highlight the social norms and convention theory that lay behind this causation. The findings indicate that a higher level of education increases the chance that a woman is uncircumcised, controlling for Type of Place of Residence, Religion, Worked in the Last 12 Months, Ever Heard of Female Cutting, Wealth, and Husbands/Partner’s Education. We also found that the odds of being uncircumcised rise when women have educated partners. When educated men become more willing to marry an uncircumcised woman it suggests a break, caused by education, from the social norms and beliefs that form the traditional practice of FGM within Burkina Faso.Show less
A socio-historical, comparative curriculum study in both time (1945-2010s) and space (France, Italy, Luxembourg and the Netherlands) concerning the representation of European identity in two types...Show moreA socio-historical, comparative curriculum study in both time (1945-2010s) and space (France, Italy, Luxembourg and the Netherlands) concerning the representation of European identity in two types of secondary school curricula: the formal curricula of these four Western European countries and the so-called 'ideological curricula' consisting out of international recommendations from the Council of Europe and UNESCO. The starting point of the research is that a majority of citizens in the European Union consider themselves to feel 'European' in one way or another according to Eurobarometer surveys. The thesis further explores the relationship with curriculum reforms and international educational organisations since 1945. The idea of having complementary, international forms of identity and citizenship requires the increase of international understanding among citizens over time. Meanwhile, fostering international understanding has generally been the main purpose of UNESCO. Curriculum construction is a comprehensive, unfathomable process, but the four cases of formal curricula demonstrate the rise of a global scope in history education throughout the decades. The thesis suggests that education can be understood as a gearwheel accelerating the processes of European integration that were already in place.Show less
Bachelor thesis | Liberal Arts and Sciences: Global Challenges (LUC) (BA/BSc)
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School segregation potentially harms social cohesion and increases inequality of educational attainment. In much of the literature, school segregation is considered to be a direct reflection of...Show moreSchool segregation potentially harms social cohesion and increases inequality of educational attainment. In much of the literature, school segregation is considered to be a direct reflection of residential segregation. However, in the unique context of Dutch cities, scholars also look at the effects of school-choice mechanisms and discriminatory admission policies on school composition. This capstone project will examine how changes in residential patterns affect the composition of pupils in schools in Rotterdam, the second-largest city in the Netherlands. It will assess quantitatively the degree to which neighborhood composition predicts primary school composition, both in terms of ethnic background and parental educational attainment. Furthermore, it will measure changes in residential and school segregation in the period from 2010 until 2020. This contributes to the little knowledge we have about urban segregation trends during this timeframe in the Netherlands. Only focusing on the city Rotterdam allows for a more in-depth and local analysis of these trends. It finds that while residential composition does have a strong significant effect on school composition, the strength of this relationship has decreased over time, suggesting that parental school-choice mechanisms or discriminatory admission policies have gained importance. Furthermore, while residential segregation generally and ethnic school segregation specifically have gone down, segregation in terms of parental educational attainment has gone up. This could be a result of the increase in the average educational level in Rotterdam, but this cannot be confirmed.Show less
In dit onderzoek is er gekeken naar de relatie tussen de mate van overheidsinvesteringen in percentages van het GDP en het percentage vrouwen in de top van het openbaar bestuur. De dataset is...Show moreIn dit onderzoek is er gekeken naar de relatie tussen de mate van overheidsinvesteringen in percentages van het GDP en het percentage vrouwen in de top van het openbaar bestuur. De dataset is samengesteld uit de Worldbank database. De sample bestaat uit 26 OECD aangesloten landen en de data is gemeten over een tijdsperiode van 12 jaar, cohort 2006-2017. De lineaire regressie liet zien dat er een positieve correlatie is tussen de onderzochte variabelen. Dit resultaat is verder bestudeerd aan de hand van literatuuronderzoek. Hoewel dit onderzoek geen causaal verband kan aantonen, laat het wel zien dat het consistent is met de gestelde verwachtingen. Dit biedt mogelijkheden voor vervolgonderzoek.Show less
This thesis discusses the topic of the competitive Korean education system visualised in K-dramas that deal with the societal pressures on Korean youth and their parents regarding educational...Show moreThis thesis discusses the topic of the competitive Korean education system visualised in K-dramas that deal with the societal pressures on Korean youth and their parents regarding educational background. To do so, it offers an elaborate analysis of the K-drama SKY Castle (2018) embedded in a theoretical framework of identity building and the field of cultural production while using 'classical' Bordwellian film analysis. By using concepts from fields such as Media-Studies, Area-Studies, Identity/Gender studies and Sociology, this research offers a multi-disciplinary approach to explore questions regarding studies on Korean identity, Korean popular culture and the relation between the two. In this respect, it illustrates how one can understand Korean popular cultural products as emerging spaces of Korean identity construction.Show less
Accredited Parliamentary Assistants are ‘eyes and ears’ of Members of the European Parliament, yet their influence on MEPs and role as a backstage support has not been widely discussed. The scope...Show moreAccredited Parliamentary Assistants are ‘eyes and ears’ of Members of the European Parliament, yet their influence on MEPs and role as a backstage support has not been widely discussed. The scope of APAs tasks and employment status prevent unequivocal categorisation. This paper draws from the literature on ‘policy professionals’ and three types of knowledge provision: problem formulation; process expertise; information access to shed more light on their work and environment which they operate. To answer the research question, six hypotheses were formulated and descriptive statistics and statistical analysis were applied. The anonymous, online survey was conducted among APAs and the set of data was collected (N = 116). The thesis concluded that APAs share similarities with policy professionals – yet they differ in their attitude towards academic education and on-the-job training.Show less
Primary school textbooks are filled with images and text that provide information about other countries, even if the intention of those books is not to teach about world orientation, but how to...Show morePrimary school textbooks are filled with images and text that provide information about other countries, even if the intention of those books is not to teach about world orientation, but how to read and write. This thesis studied Dutch “Lijn 3” reading and writing books of Malmberg through Multimodal Critical Discourse Analysis (MCDA), which encompasses both textual Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) and Visual Discourse Analysis (VDA), and found that there is a significant amount of information on China within them. This information is often stereotypical, and corresponds to existing prejudice and humour on China and the Chinese ethnic minority in the Netherlands. Furthermore, interviews with teachers showed that they are aware of harmful effects of stereotypes and prejudice, but they are reluctant to intervene when they encounter stereotypes in books. They prefer to ignore stereotypes because they argue that children do not see them. This incorrect observation, that children are unable to see and understand stereotypes, creates a non-critical environment for children and teachers, in which stereotypes and prejudice teach children a power hierarchy. In this hierarchy, the Caucasian Dutch are dominant, and the rest is subordinate. This thesis suggests that stereotypes in textbooks need to be acknowledged by teachers, and communicated to children, or illustrators and authors need to eliminate stereotypes out of books, in order to change this problematic power hierarchy.Show less
Cash conditional transfer programs have become a popular policy option in developing and middle-income countries to both decrease poverty and increase human capital. Through the use of a difference...Show moreCash conditional transfer programs have become a popular policy option in developing and middle-income countries to both decrease poverty and increase human capital. Through the use of a difference in difference quantitative analysis, this article analyzes how the Asignación Universal por Hijo (a CCT program implemented in Argentina in 2009) has affected both school enrolment rates and youth work since its implementation. The main argument of this research is that, due to the increase in income for eligible families and the conditions of the program, there should have been an increase to school enrolment and a decrease to youth work. The findings of the article suggest that work and school are fully substitutable for one another as the results show that the program resulted in an increase in school enrolment that was matched by a similar decrease in youth work. Specifically, the program seems to have been particularly effective in reducing work and increasing school enrolment of teenage males.Show less
This thesis identifies the ideals of risshin shusse ("Rising in the world") as portrayed within Meiji period sugoroku boardgames targeted at elementary school students. It compares the actual...Show moreThis thesis identifies the ideals of risshin shusse ("Rising in the world") as portrayed within Meiji period sugoroku boardgames targeted at elementary school students. It compares the actual realities of children at the time to that which is portrayed in the sugoroku and places the primary sources in their historical context.Show less
This thesis compares two Indonesian cash transfer programs, the Bantuan Langsun Tunai (BLT) and the Program Keluarga Harapan (PKH), in order to find whether conditional or unconditional cash...Show moreThis thesis compares two Indonesian cash transfer programs, the Bantuan Langsun Tunai (BLT) and the Program Keluarga Harapan (PKH), in order to find whether conditional or unconditional cash transfer programs prove more effective in improving the future investments of participants. This is studied by looking at the effect of the program on the education and healthcare of participants, the effect on the expenditures of participants and finally on the labour incentive of participants. The study shows that the conditions applied in the PKH were slightly more effective in increasing future investments of participants, however that the complex implementation of a conditional program and the lacking of an administrative system to support this in Indonesia, prevents the program from reaching an optimal result.Show less
