This thesis examines the accommodation of European merchant communities ("nations") in the Ottoman and the Mughal Empire during the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. Particular attention is...Show moreThis thesis examines the accommodation of European merchant communities ("nations") in the Ottoman and the Mughal Empire during the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. Particular attention is paid to the legal aspects of this accommodation, and the differences between the texts and actual realities on the ground.Show less