The U.S. military has undergone a profound shift since the end of the Cold War. This shift has largely coincided with the neoliberal and privatisation wave following the 1980s. Following this shift...Show moreThe U.S. military has undergone a profound shift since the end of the Cold War. This shift has largely coincided with the neoliberal and privatisation wave following the 1980s. Following this shift, PMCs were able to predominate, and contracts awarded by the government to PMCs allowed them to rapidly expand. Said expansion was also helped by the growing U.S. military budgets post 9/11, and to the big contracts awarded by the U.S. government to companies like KBR. In search for cheap labour, PMCs started to look at migrant labour from lesser developed countries to cater for these contracts. By tying into existing migrant networks, like those in the Gulf States and South-East Asia, PMCs were able to attract large quantities of labour. Most migrants left to Iraq because of economic incentives such as a high salary. The ability to earn a relatively good salary and therefore provides a good future for families back home. In addition, the offshoring of migrants resulted in substandard legal rights for TCNs which left many to fall into a legal grey zone where neither U.S. or local labour laws applied.Show less
This thesis analyses how environmental degradation caused by the oil exploitation by oil companies in the Niger Delta has an effect on the Niger Delta Crisis. It focuses on both political as well...Show moreThis thesis analyses how environmental degradation caused by the oil exploitation by oil companies in the Niger Delta has an effect on the Niger Delta Crisis. It focuses on both political as well as economic aspects of the Crisis, and tries to describe how the exploitation of oil not only worsens the quality of the environment in the region, but consequently also worsens the livelihoods of the inhabitants in various ways.Show less
This paper aims to explore how the Sino-Afghan relationship can be defined in terms of benevolence versus exploitation, and how the non-interference policy plays a role in this relationship. The...Show moreThis paper aims to explore how the Sino-Afghan relationship can be defined in terms of benevolence versus exploitation, and how the non-interference policy plays a role in this relationship. The paper does this through a positivist analysis of three dimensions of the Sino-Afghan relationship: security, economic, and political relations. The concluding paragraph of the thesis states that the findings are in line with the idea of developmentalism.Show less
