Members of a group often show ingroup bias: the tendency to favor one’s own group. An important factor moderating ingroup bias is culture. Hofstede introduced several cultural dimensions, of which...Show moreMembers of a group often show ingroup bias: the tendency to favor one’s own group. An important factor moderating ingroup bias is culture. Hofstede introduced several cultural dimensions, of which indulgence versus restraint (IVR) is one. There has already been extensive research on most of these dimensions and their influence on ingroup bias and prosocial behavior, but less is known about the influence of IVR on ingroup bias. Due to this research gap, this paper aims to answer the question whether the degree to which an individual is indulgent or restrained affects their ingroup bias. Students (N = 75) participated in a three-part experiment. First, a minimal group paradigm was created. Then, a dictator game was played. Finally, participants filled in a questionnaire measuring personal IVR score. A significant ingroup bias was found using a simple T-test. However, no correlation was found between IVR and ingroup bias after performing a simple linear regression. This suggests that the degree to which a person is indulgent or restrained does not have an influence on the person’s ingroup bias. However, the results are inconsistent with previous research, so more research needs to be conducted.Show less
The current study focuses on the relationship between agreeableness and conflict tactics in intergroup conflict. Intergroup conflict arises when multiple groups have incompatible needs. Individuals...Show moreThe current study focuses on the relationship between agreeableness and conflict tactics in intergroup conflict. Intergroup conflict arises when multiple groups have incompatible needs. Individuals can invest in intergroup conflict at their own cost through conflict tactics such as ingroup bias or outgroup harm. The trait agreeableness may be an important predictor in the choice for conflict tactics. I hypothesized that agreeableness was positively associated with ingroup bias and negatively associated with outgroup harm. This study operationalized intergroup conflict with the Intergroup Prisoner’s Dilemma Maximizing-Differences (IPD-MD) (N = 126). The results supported the first hypothesis that indeed, highly agreeable people show more ingroup bias in intergroup conflict than their less agreeable counterparts. However, the second hypothesis was not supported by our results, as no relationship was found between agreeableness and outgroup harm. Finally, this study includes several theories to explain these results, as well as directions for future research.Show less
