This thesis investigates the absence of FTAs between Japan and China. It does this by putting the focus on two particular trade agreements. The first of which is the recently signed Regional...Show moreThis thesis investigates the absence of FTAs between Japan and China. It does this by putting the focus on two particular trade agreements. The first of which is the recently signed Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership agreement (RCEP), an FTA with fifteen participating countries. The second is an agreement that has yet to become a reality; the China, Japan, South-Korea, China agreement.Show less
Japan is het meest vergrijsde land ter wereld met 28,2% bevolking boven de 65 jaar in 2020. Ten gevolge van het vruchtbaarheidscijfer dat sinds 2013 reeds onder het vervangingsniveau ligt, en de...Show moreJapan is het meest vergrijsde land ter wereld met 28,2% bevolking boven de 65 jaar in 2020. Ten gevolge van het vruchtbaarheidscijfer dat sinds 2013 reeds onder het vervangingsniveau ligt, en de Japanse bevolking de hoogste levensverwachting ter wereld heeft, dreigt de vergrijzing verder toe te nemen. Hetzelfde geldt voor de Japanse gevangenispopulatie. In 1989 was slecht 2,4% van alle tot detentie berechte personen 65 jaar of ouder. In 2018 was dit percentage 12,2%, oftewel een toename van ruim 900 procent in bijna 30 jaar. In de White Paper of Crime 2008 gaf het Japanse Ministerie van Justitie reeds aan dat de ontwikkelingen omtrent de criminele betrokkenheid van ouderen redenen zijn voor verontrusting. Zo wordt er vermeld dat onderzoek naar oudere delinquenten noodzakelijk is en de werkelijke oorzaak van de toename in kaart moet worden gebracht, aangezien de toename namelijk niet aangeschreven kan worden door de verouderende maatschappij. In deze studie wordt dan ook getracht de factoren te identificeren die bijdragen tot de vergrijzing van de Japanse gevangenispopulatie.Show less
By investigating the ODA approaches of both Japan and the Republic of Korea considering the human rights crisis in Myanmar, the East Asian Development Model seems to hold. Both countries prioritize...Show moreBy investigating the ODA approaches of both Japan and the Republic of Korea considering the human rights crisis in Myanmar, the East Asian Development Model seems to hold. Both countries prioritize economic development over human rights issues, although they differ in their motivations. This theory-testing case analysis dives into a descriptive account of the actions of Japan and the ROK considering the Rohingya Crisis. While Japan struggles to deal with its imperial past and continues to argue for a kakehashi approach, it is found how human rights have taken second place behind economic development projects. Similarly, the ROK strives for recognition by trying to establish itself as a leader, yet simultaneously fails to lead the way when it comes to standing for the OECD/DAC norms. The descriptive account of both countries shows how human rights issues are snowed under by the importance given to economic development and a favorable relationship with the government of Myanmar.Show less
This thesis analyses how previously demilitarized states are pressured to remilitarize and tries to find a middle ground in the fragmented debate on this issue. The case study used to study this...Show moreThis thesis analyses how previously demilitarized states are pressured to remilitarize and tries to find a middle ground in the fragmented debate on this issue. The case study used to study this topic is Japan from the end of the Second World War until the present day. The two primary pressures through which the research is conducted are economic competition with the protector and the rise of new perceived threats. By reviewing both government sources and secondary literature it is apparent that external forces linked to economic competition and rising threats are consistently motivating remilitarization efforts. However, remilitarization is not one-dimensional. This paper observed both increased multilateral efforts and domestic military upgrading. These different facets interact with each other and provide a mixed-mode of remilitarization that does not neatly fit the existing polarized narratives.Show less
This thesis looks at the role of Japan during the negotiations of a large-scale free trade agreement in the Asia-Pacific region, namely the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP)....Show moreThis thesis looks at the role of Japan during the negotiations of a large-scale free trade agreement in the Asia-Pacific region, namely the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP). Previously, academic discourse such as the pivotal state theory by Solís and Katada has focused on role of Japan during mega-FTAs. However, most of this research has been focused on Japan during CPTPP negotiations. This thesis looks at Japan’s role within RCEP, as it is the first mega-FTA with China. How does Japan’s influence compare to China during RCEP negotiations? By way of methodological triangulation, this thesis will measure the influence of Japan. While there are limitations, Japan was able to influence some regulations, especially regarding tariff reduction, intellectual property and e-commerce. That being said, while Japan hoped to include India within RCEP, India withdrew in the last stage of negotiations. This is because that Japan’s position within negotiations was hampered among others by its interventionist agricultural lobby. As Japan’s influence within RCEP was limited, it remains an unlikely pivotal state while China’s influence grows. With its analysis, this thesis will contribute to a broader academic discourse on the pivotal state theory, as well as the developments of mega-FTA negotiations in general.Show less
This thesis focuses on the Ainu, the indigenous people of Hokkaido Japan, and how they were represented in visual sources from the early modern period. The analysis features twelve prints and...Show moreThis thesis focuses on the Ainu, the indigenous people of Hokkaido Japan, and how they were represented in visual sources from the early modern period. The analysis features twelve prints and scrolls that show the Ainu as inferior or 'other' to their Japanese neighbors. Furthermore, the sources involve the concepts of racial stereotyping and power conflicts.Show less
Een kort samenvattend overzicht van de gebeurtenissen rondom de christenvervolging op Japan in de 17e eeuw. Hierbij is er gekeken naar de aanleidingen die er voor hebben gezorgd dat de Portugezen...Show moreEen kort samenvattend overzicht van de gebeurtenissen rondom de christenvervolging op Japan in de 17e eeuw. Hierbij is er gekeken naar de aanleidingen die er voor hebben gezorgd dat de Portugezen niet meer welkom waren op Japan wegens de geloofsverspreiding en hoe het de Nederlanders gelukt is om deze handelspositie met Japan van de Portugezen over te nemen met betrekking tot religieuze verschillen.Show less
