The Black Panther Party grew out of the civil rights era in the 1960s to form a movement aimed at protecting African-Americans from police brutality and the social injustices that stemmed from...Show moreThe Black Panther Party grew out of the civil rights era in the 1960s to form a movement aimed at protecting African-Americans from police brutality and the social injustices that stemmed from living in a racist society hellbent on ensuring the underdevelopment of Black communities. In seeking to explore and understand the growth of the International section of the Black Panther Party (BPP) from its base in Oakland, California to the Mediterranean coast of Algeria, this project will come across a variety of primary and academic sources that address the various influences and actions partaken in this journey. Whilst relatively short lived in its mission, the internationalisation of the BPP involved numerous actors, among whom, many have released autobiographies and memoirs detailing the unfolding of events that occurred between the years 1969-1972, alongside video speeches and declarations pertaining to such events. Yet, in order to truly appreciate this often forgotten part of the Black Panthers’ history, the years of revolutionary struggle dedicated to fighting for the rights of Black people across the world, and in the case of this project notably in the United States, albeit not solely, must also be taken into account. This is particularly important as tracing the influences of Black philosophical thinkers of the 20th Century such as W.E.B. Du Bois, Frantz Fanon and Malcolm X on more contemporary movements, such as the Black Panther Party, is often not done so to the extent that such major influences deserve. The usefulness of highlighting the actions partaken by the BPP prove timely in assessing the current political climate faced by members of the African diaspora all over the globe, notably in the United States with the continued growth of the Black Lives Matter movement.Show less
Emancipation Struggle and the Use of during the Early Black- and Red Power Movement, a Comparative Analysis Based on the Lives of Robert F. Williams, Malcolm X, Dennis Banks and Russel Means
Investigates the lives of Coretta Scott King and Betty Shabazz before, during, and after their marriage with their husbands, Martin Luther King Jr. and Malcolm X. Growing up in an environment...Show moreInvestigates the lives of Coretta Scott King and Betty Shabazz before, during, and after their marriage with their husbands, Martin Luther King Jr. and Malcolm X. Growing up in an environment characterized by social injustice, both women found their duty in challenging these injustices, although Coretta much earlier than Betty. However, both women were faced with gender norms in the 1950s and -60s which restricted them socially. After the death of their husbands, Coretta and Betty were determined to preserve the legacy of their husbands, and to build up a career for themselves, which they succeeded in.Show less
Dit werkstuk behandeld het ontstaan en de ontwikkeling van de eerste grote Afro-Amerikaanse bendes van Los Angeles, gedurende de periode 1940-1970. Deze 'fight' clubs vormden de proto-bendes voor...Show moreDit werkstuk behandeld het ontstaan en de ontwikkeling van de eerste grote Afro-Amerikaanse bendes van Los Angeles, gedurende de periode 1940-1970. Deze 'fight' clubs vormden de proto-bendes voor latere groepen zoals de Bloods en de Crips in het begin van de jaren 70. Dit werkstuk beargumenteert dat toenemende rassengeweld, als reactie op toenemende integratie van Afro-Amerikanen in blanke scholen en blanke woonwijken in LA, ervoor zorgde dat zwarte jongeren zich defensief gingen organiseren in zwarte sociale clubs, of gangs.Show less
