De twee slagen bij de Guararapesbergen in 1648 en 1649 bleken een omslag in de geschiedenis van de WIC-kolonie in Nederlands-Brazilië. Het beleid omtrent die twee slagen van de Hoge Raad ofwel de...Show moreDe twee slagen bij de Guararapesbergen in 1648 en 1649 bleken een omslag in de geschiedenis van de WIC-kolonie in Nederlands-Brazilië. Het beleid omtrent die twee slagen van de Hoge Raad ofwel de Nederlandse regering in Nederlands-Brazilië is nog weinig onderzocht. Wel hield Van Hoboken er een negatieve mening op na met betrekking tot het beleid dat de Raad had gevoerd. L'Honore-Naber stelde al in 1925 dat hoe meer wij weten over het beleid van deze regering, hoe positiever ons oordeel - waarschijnlijk - zou zijn. Den Heijer herhaalde dat in 2005. Naar aanleiding daarvan is het beleid van de Raad in bredere zin bekeken door in de periode van de beide slagen het gehele beleid van de Raad in kaart te brengen aan de hand van de Dagelijkse en de Secrete Notulen. Doordat de hulp uit de Republiek te beperkt was en er een constant tekort was van middelen en troepen, kan er verklaard worden waarom de Hoge Raad er niet in kon slagen de kolonie van haar ondergang te behoeden. Zo beaamt deze scriptie de veronderstelling van L'Honoré-Naber en Den Heijer. Daarnaast blijkt de interpretatie van Van Hoboken over het beleid van de Raad te negatief en niet altijd in overeenstemming met de Notulen. Aangezien Boxer in zijn werk zich ook baseerde op Van Hoboken, voegt deze scriptie een nieuwe kijk op de Raad toe aan de geschiedschrijving over Nederlands-Brazilië.Show less
Between 1945 and 2001 possibilities for homosexual men to move to the Netherlands improved considerably. This thesis examines how and why this development took place. In 1967 for the first time men...Show moreBetween 1945 and 2001 possibilities for homosexual men to move to the Netherlands improved considerably. This thesis examines how and why this development took place. In 1967 for the first time men were allowed to stay in the Netherlands officially, despite their sexuality. From 1974 partner migration became possible, allowing the foreign partner to stay 'because' of his sexuality. In 1981 the Netherlands was the first country that allowed asylum seekers to be granted refugee status on the basis of their sexuality. Main reasons for this change are the secularisation of the Netherlands, a liberalisation of family law, progressive politics in the 1970s because of the social (and sexual) revolutions in the 1960s. Also very important was the emergence of the gay emancipation movement in the Netherlands which became politically active in the 1970s. Nevertheless, implementation of these novel opportunities to settle in the Netherlands proved more difficult. Local police forces applied their own moral judgments on immigrants and it took until the 1990s before a homosexual asylum seeker was granted refugee status for his sexuality. This thesis therefore argues that the Netherlands wanted to show abroad how progressive its policies were, while practically, the results of the policies were not so progressive at all. Nevertheless, the Netherlands became to be known abroad as a safe haven for homosexual men. This was an image that the Dutch government tried to avoid in the 1960s, while it embraced the image in the 1990s. This thesis adds to the debate of policy change, as well as to the debate around the difference between policy and practice, taking immigration of homosexual men as a case study.Show less
Advanced master thesis | Political Science (Advanced Master)
open access
An investigation into whether or not the economic success of the past 20 years for the BRICS can be attributed to the implementation of sustainable development. It is found that this is not the...Show moreAn investigation into whether or not the economic success of the past 20 years for the BRICS can be attributed to the implementation of sustainable development. It is found that this is not the case but neither was the growth due to the creation of a pollution haven.Show less
