This thesis analysed how recreational divers' interactions with underwater cultural heritage (UCH) can positively add to UCH's narrative, values, and safeguarding. Investigation on this topic...Show moreThis thesis analysed how recreational divers' interactions with underwater cultural heritage (UCH) can positively add to UCH's narrative, values, and safeguarding. Investigation on this topic included the creation of interactions and values coupled with a review of the relevance of current laws and scuba schools’ education pertaining to UCH. Nonetheless, recreational scuba divers are recurrently sidelined as stakeholders in preserving the longevity of UCH, oftentimes due to a lack of knowledge and awareness, despite them being the core community able to interact with UCH. As a piece of collective history, cultural heritage belongs to the community and should be an accessible experience. Methods of investigation included both desk-based and ethnographic research. Observations from desk-based research on ocean dynamics highlighted the anthropocentric mindset of current understandings of legislation and education, which influences individuals' interactions and values. These experiences are all subjective to the beholder, shifting the discussion from 'how do we value' to 'how do we live' with UCH. While ethnographic research in the form of interviews with recreational dive professionals emphasised the need to adhere to simple mottos to instil proper etiquette while diving on UCH, regardless of the dive site (nature vs culture) and call for more accountability from scuba schools to relay universal guidelines. Questionnaires from maritime archaeologists and heritage managers gave a professional perspective on the recreational dive community and their interactions with UCH, demonstrating that personal narratives shift the interpretation of our affiliation regardless of how objective one can be on a subject. By taking into account the issue of recreational divers' impact having a direct bearing on UCH, it can be deduced that with training and education, the negative effects may be greatly minimised. Achieving this will be an ongoing process that requires continual monitoring while keeping an open and ongoing dialogue, ensuring no voices remain unheard. Finally, by advocating that UCH is a resource of economic benefit, the scuba diving industry's potential within the Blue Economy is valued. Ultimately, making UCH more accessible will ensure its longevity and survival.Show less
Confucianism has a long history in China, and its reach continues to grow. Confucianism is the practice of following the ideology of Confucius (551 B.C. – 479 B.C.), who was a Chinese philosopher...Show moreConfucianism has a long history in China, and its reach continues to grow. Confucianism is the practice of following the ideology of Confucius (551 B.C. – 479 B.C.), who was a Chinese philosopher and teacher. In memory of him, the many Confucian temples in China not only display the importance of Confucius and his philosophy but also teach visitors about Confucius and Confucianism. These are temples where people can pay their respects to Confucius, honor him, and learn more about his life and thoughts. The Confucius Temple in Qufu was built a year after Confucius’ death, in 478 BC, at the location thought to have been his residence. The Temple is advertised in many tourist guides as the largest and most famous Confucian temple in China, and as one of the three greatest ancient building complexes in the country. This study tries to understand how the Temple contributes to the understanding that visitors gain from visiting the Temple, by conducting questionnaires and interviews.Show less
