Exhibition spaces being closed as a result of the COVID-19 lockdown brings unforeseen new concerns for the museum. Digital visitor interaction influences the engagement with objects and artworks...Show moreExhibition spaces being closed as a result of the COVID-19 lockdown brings unforeseen new concerns for the museum. Digital visitor interaction influences the engagement with objects and artworks within the exhibition. This change of interaction has consequences for the relation between visitors and the artwork, and how these relate to each other. Visitors gain new forms of power in curating the exhibition without the original crafted outlines by the museum. Especially during a pandemic where sudden changes in society are compulsory, it is a necessity to research the influences caused by these changes. The digitization causes digital reproduction that have not been (as much of) a struggle for the museum as before the global pandemic. Digital interaction and reproduction cause adaptations in authenticity and the carefully crafted authority of the museum over the centuries. This role and status the museum has in society is mutating because of digitization.Show less
Research master thesis | Literary Studies (research) (MA)
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This thesis examines a possible contribution to the narratological analyses as carried out within the field of Law and Literature by both signalling narrative speaker functions in analyses by James...Show moreThis thesis examines a possible contribution to the narratological analyses as carried out within the field of Law and Literature by both signalling narrative speaker functions in analyses by James Boyd White (1990) and Jeanne Gaakeer (1998) and locating these them in case law. The assumption that lies at the core of this thesis is that with the help of systematic analysis, it is possible to distinguish between four different speaker functions that manifest themselves in written case law: an authoritative author of legal decisions (chapter II), a narrator of the verdict (chapter III), characters that take part in the legal process and that are reflected upon in the judgment (chapter IV) and the text of the judgment itself (chapter V). These four possible speaking entities need to be disentangled to understand what authority or authorities we see when analysing judgments and to systematically conduct comparative research within the field of law and literature.Show less
This thesis analyses the authority of international law from the perspective of international legal positivism. The traditional approach that takes the state’s will as the foundation of...Show moreThis thesis analyses the authority of international law from the perspective of international legal positivism. The traditional approach that takes the state’s will as the foundation of international law is problematic as it results in the voluntarist dilemma. For international law to have objective power, a state should be incapable of escaping its authority by its own will even though this will is what constituted international law in the first place. The incompatibility of this would mean that international law’s authority is actually based on a ‘special’ will that is external to the wills of states. Georg Jellinek devised a theory of international law that supposedly accounts for international law’s objective authority while maintaining the state’s will as its foundation. His theory is built on what he calls “the normative force of the factual”, but falls short as it cannot withstand Hume’s law. Herbert Hart’s theory of law is more promising as it leaves the state’s will out of the equation and focuses on legal practice to understand the necessary features of a legal system. International law, however, is “law” but not a legal system. This thesis challenges Hart’s understanding of international law as “law” and argues that there is an international legal system consisting of primary and secondary rules.Show less
Fidel Castro’s leadership and legacy in Cuba has been a fascinating and mystifying topic of matter in the field of International Relations. Much has been written and contended on how Fidel came to...Show moreFidel Castro’s leadership and legacy in Cuba has been a fascinating and mystifying topic of matter in the field of International Relations. Much has been written and contended on how Fidel came to be the charismatic leader of Cuba and how he was able to maintain staying power and achieve legitimacy. The concepts of authority and legitimacy are attributed to the phenomenon of leadership and development of a society. This thesis will look at the roles of society, of Cuba in the twentieth century, and discourse and visual elements in the social construction of charisma in Fidel’s leadership. In addition, there will be an overview of Fidel’s background and how the approaches of gender, age, class, and race facilitated the social construction of Fidel’s charismatic leadership and the social reality of Cuba. The theoretical framework of constructivism and the methodological approach of content analysis will be utilized in order to examine how Fidel go to be the charismatic leader of Cuba.Show less
In order to win a war, one must know its enemy intimately. It goes in a phrase by Tsun Zu as, “to know your enemy, you must become your enemy.” During the periods of colonization, the Dutch...Show moreIn order to win a war, one must know its enemy intimately. It goes in a phrase by Tsun Zu as, “to know your enemy, you must become your enemy.” During the periods of colonization, the Dutch authority in Dutch East Indies (now Indonesia) had reflected such ideas through its language policy. This policy established in 1818 and was intended to exercise the colonial authority by utilizing the language. The departement voor Inlandsche Zaken was established in order to connect the domains of the indigenous and colonial government in Dutch East Indies. By this, the agency was obliged to study the language and culture in the archipelago. During the first five years of the Inlandsche Zaken, it had showed remarkable achievements in the unification of local vernaculars and the standardization of Malay. In this paper, I will provide several analyses on translation of documents from the archives of the Inlandsche Zaken kept at the National Archives of the Republic of Indonesia. By this, I will examine the differences between two similar documents-each documents contains Dutch texts and they are translated into Malay (Dutch texts in these two documents are similar but the Malay translations are different) produced by the Dutch colonial government. My central research question is, to what extent language was utilized as a tool of subordination towards the indigenous society in Dutch East Indies? In addition, I try to demonstrate that the Inlandsche Zaken had played a determinant role in bridging the two worlds in Dutch East Indies-namely the colonial government and the indigenous societies, and also had used such knowledge to exercise the colonial authority.Show less
The purpose of this study is to investigate the influence of digital technologies such as computers, iPads and digital textbooks on the authority of the teacher in Dutch primary schools. The used...Show moreThe purpose of this study is to investigate the influence of digital technologies such as computers, iPads and digital textbooks on the authority of the teacher in Dutch primary schools. The used methods were a research of the available literature and a simplified version a Delphi Panel. It was concluded that the authority of the teacher is undermined by the use of digital technologies in the classroom, because the teacher is at risk of losing control over the classroom and it is hard for the teacher to keep up with the increasing pace at which digital technologies are introduced.Show less
Research master thesis | History: Societies and Institutions (research) (MA)
open access
Beginning under the Flavian dynasty, large quantities of river personifications start to appear in Roman art and coinage, a trend which lasts until the third century A.D. These images are often...Show moreBeginning under the Flavian dynasty, large quantities of river personifications start to appear in Roman art and coinage, a trend which lasts until the third century A.D. These images are often regarded as little more than fashionable decorative items. This thesis argues however that, far from being merely decorative pieces, river personifications give us a unique insight in Roman ideas on geography, imperial power and civilization.Show less
