Aims and objectives. This study aims to describe behavioural aspects, cognition, and epilepsy course and identify predictors for Quality of Life (QoL) in adolescents and adults two to ten years...Show moreAims and objectives. This study aims to describe behavioural aspects, cognition, and epilepsy course and identify predictors for Quality of Life (QoL) in adolescents and adults two to ten years after achieving remission from epileptic encephalopathy with spike-wave activation in sleep (EE-SWAS). Background. Children with EE-SWAS, a childhood epilepsy syndrome, often experience neurodevelopmental arrest or regression, which consists of a heterogeneous combination of behavioural and cognitive deficits. Three-quarters of the patients in EE-SWAS remission have permanent deficits. Long-term follow-up studies are scarce but suggest a relation between the aetiology, EE-SWAS duration, and use of corticosteroid treatment with neurodevelopmental outcome of patients in remission. Design. This study utilised a cross-sectional observational design with questionnaires and retrospective data collection. Methods. Parents or caregivers of patients digitally filled out the Epilepsy Questionnaire and the Quality of Life in Childhood Epilepsy Questionnaire-55 (QOLCE-55). Results. A total of 35 adolescents and adults with a mean age of 18.2 (SD±3.76) years were included in the statistical analysis. The participants consisted of 18 male and 17 female adolescents and adults who were in ≥ 2 years in EE-SWAS remission. An established aetiology occurred in 19 participants, the median EE-SWAS duration was 4.3 (IQR 2.0-7.0) years, and 13 participants received corticosteroid treatment. The mean QOLCE-55 score for the sample size was 50.0 (SD±16.97). A significant difference of 10.3 points between the means of the QOLCE-55 score of patients with an established (M=45.3, SD±16.20) and an unknown (M=55.6, SD±16.65) aetiology has been found (t=1.841, df=33, p=.038). No difference was found in the QOLCE-55 means between patients with and without corticosteroid treatment (t=0.831, df=33, p=.226). Moreover, no correlation was found between the EE-SWAS duration and QOLCE-55 scores (ρ= -.298, p=.052 (n=31). No statically significant predictors of the QOLCE-55 scores were found in the multivariate regression analysis with an established aetiology (B=-4.5, p=.430), duration (B=-0.1, p=.108), and corticosteroid treatment (B=3.2, p=.595). Conclusions. Although no statistically significant predictors of QoL in EE-SWAS remission in adolescents and adults were found, an established aetiology and longer duration of EE-SWAS showed a potential trend as predictors of a poorer QoL. The study’s findings confirm the presence of cognitive deficits experienced in EE-SWAS remission, aligning with previous literature.Show less
Research master thesis | Linguistics (research) (MA)
open access
The conceptual link between space and time is accounted for by two different theories: Conceptual Metaphor Theory (CMT, Lakoff and Johnson 1980) and A Theory of Magnitude (ATOM, Walsh 2003). Within...Show moreThe conceptual link between space and time is accounted for by two different theories: Conceptual Metaphor Theory (CMT, Lakoff and Johnson 1980) and A Theory of Magnitude (ATOM, Walsh 2003). Within a linguistic framework, CMT provides evidence for an asymmetric conceptual link between space and time, opposed to the symmetric link predicted by ATOM. Casasanto and Boroditsky (2008) and Casasanto (2010) presented evidence in favour of CMT from non-linguistic psychophysical tasks. Longer lines appeared to positively affect participants’ estimation of duration, analogous to metaphors for duration using spatial words such as long and short, but duration did not influence the perception of space (Casasanto and Boroditsky 2008). A subsequent study revealed language specific differences in effects of different stimulus types, parallel to the typical duration metaphors found in these languages (Casasanto 2010). The present investigation of Dutch shows that the relation between duration metaphors and the perception of space and duration is less straightforward than what might be expected on the basis of the accounts of Casasanto and Boroditsky (2008) and Casasanto (2010). The results of an experiment with speakers of Dutch reveal a symmetric link between space and duration in the case of space presented in the form of one-dimensional length, but an asymmetric link is reported in case of more-dimensional size. Overall, this provides evidence for ATOM rather than CMT.Show less
This thesis investigates the prosodic properties of the Mandarin Chinese sentence final particle ne. Frequency (F0) and duration of the particle in questions and declaratives are analyzed, as well...Show moreThis thesis investigates the prosodic properties of the Mandarin Chinese sentence final particle ne. Frequency (F0) and duration of the particle in questions and declaratives are analyzed, as well as the influence of the particle on prosodic properties of preceding syllables. It was found that the particle ne has different realizations with respect to interrogative and declarative sentences, and that it influences the prosody of preceding syllables to a certain extent.Show less
In dit onderzoek waren 22 kinderen met ASS en 26 kinderen met een taalstoornis (gemiddelde leeftijd in maanden: 24,5, SD = 6,66) betrokken. De proefpersonen namen deel aan het Screening Onderzoek...Show moreIn dit onderzoek waren 22 kinderen met ASS en 26 kinderen met een taalstoornis (gemiddelde leeftijd in maanden: 24,5, SD = 6,66) betrokken. De proefpersonen namen deel aan het Screening Onderzoek Sociale Ontwikkeling (SOSO) in het UMC in Utrecht. Bij alle kinderen werd daar een screening naar de vroege kenmerken van autisme afgenomen en kinderen met een hoge score werden geïncludeerd (ESAT; Dietz, Swinkels, Van Daalen, Van Engeland & Buitelaar, 2006). Dit onderzoek was gericht op het onderzoeken van mogelijke verschillen in spelgedrag tussen kinderen met ASS en kinderen met een taalstoornis. Spelgedrag werd hiervoor gedefinieerd als de duur van het spelen, het soort speelgoed waarmee gespeeld werd en het spelniveau (manipulatief, relationeel, functioneel en symbolisch spelniveau). Spelobservaties zijn gedaan met een observatieschaal van Baranek et al. (2005). Uit dit onderzoek bleek dat kinderen met autisme meer met de bal en de auto (motorisch stimulerend speelgoed) speelden en kinderen met een taalstoornis meer een voorkeur hadden voor een boek en een puzzel. Uit deze resultaten blijkt dat verschillen al op jonge leeftijd te vinden zijn. Interventie zou dus al vroeg gestart kunnen worden om zo, de uit eerder onderzoeken gevonden achterstanden op spelniveau op latere leeftijd, te kunnen voorkomen.Show less
