This study examines the language used in RTLM broadcasts during the Rwandan Genocide, conducting sentiment analysis with the Python tool VADER to explore the role of propaganda in disseminating...Show moreThis study examines the language used in RTLM broadcasts during the Rwandan Genocide, conducting sentiment analysis with the Python tool VADER to explore the role of propaganda in disseminating hate speech. The research investigates the changing rhetoric and discourse targeted towards the Tutsi ethnic minority, seeking to understand the role of language in intensifying ethnic polarization. By decoding the destabilizing effects of the broadcast language, the research aims to answer the research question: "How did the use of language towards the Tutsi minority group in the RTLM broadcasts change throughout the Rwandan genocide?" The findings contribute to understanding the powerful influence of propaganda on intergroup relations and the perpetuation of genocidal sentiments.Show less
Despite mounting ethnic polarization worldwide and research pointing to the benefits of building inter- ethnic ties, civil society organization’s role in abating polarization through the bridging...Show moreDespite mounting ethnic polarization worldwide and research pointing to the benefits of building inter- ethnic ties, civil society organization’s role in abating polarization through the bridging of people in ethnically divided societies is still under researched. Yet, how these organizations can work on cross- cutting issues in ethnically polarized countries is both impacted by, and could perhaps help counter, ethnic divisions. This thesis explores whether civil society organizations have the potential to diminish polarization through their work on cross-cutting issues such as gender-based violence. This is done through investigating the cases of three Indian civil society organizations working on its elimination: Astitva Samajik Sansthan, SAHAYOG and HUMSAFAR. Drawing on Putnam’s theory of social capital it is found that through uniting people around a shared threat, shared commitments, norms and mutual benefits, CSOs do have the potential to facilitate bridging between their members. Thus, it is concluded that CSOs working on cross-cutting issues of universal importance, which builds social capital and unites people over a common cause, could potentially provide opportunities for ethnic polarization to be reduced. Further research is however needed on the actual impact such organizations could have.Show less
