Children grow up in a world full of consciously, explicit and unconsciously, implicit gender stereotypes. This thesis focusses on de implicit stereotypes of children and their parents. Children are...Show moreChildren grow up in a world full of consciously, explicit and unconsciously, implicit gender stereotypes. This thesis focusses on de implicit stereotypes of children and their parents. Children are influenced by implicit stereotypes by constantly being exposed to these in society, in schools or by their parents. By unconsciously expressing these implicit stereotypes, parents influence the interests, and thus the professional interests, of their children. This study, with a cross-sectional design, examined whether children's implicit gender stereotypes mediates the relationship between parents' implicit gender stereotypes and gender stereotyped occupational interests. 100 Dutch families were visited at home for this study. The data of 100 children, 99 mothers and 98 fathers was used for the mediation analysis. All of the children were 11 or 12 years old and were the second child in the family. To research the implicit gender stereotypes, the arts-science version of the Implicit Association Test was conducted on both parents and the child. In addition, the children were asked about their stereotyped occupational interests using a Dutch version of the Occupation, Activity, Traits – PM. The main analysis consisted of a mediation analysis using the causal steps method of Baron and Kenny (1986). And both the mother’s and the father’s stereotypes were examined separately. The regression analyses showed that parental stereotypes did not predict the professional interests of children (hypothesis 1). Also, no relation was found between the implicit stereotypes of parent and child (hypothesis 2). Furthermore, the children implicit stereotypes did not predict the children’s professional interests (hypothesis 3). Therefore, the conclusion of this thesis is that parents don’t seem to affect their children professional interests with their implicit stereotypes about gender (hypothesis 4). Implications for this research could be that we need more insight about how the communication between parent and child occurs.Show less
Fishing played an important role in the subsistence economy of the Indigenous people of the Caribbean. Therefore, a lot of research has focused on the fishing techniques and tools that were used by...Show moreFishing played an important role in the subsistence economy of the Indigenous people of the Caribbean. Therefore, a lot of research has focused on the fishing techniques and tools that were used by these peoples before 1492. Already, a lot is known about which fishes were caught, how they were caught, and which tools were used to catch these fishes. However, one particular tool has often been overlooked and, thus, received little attention as of yet. As this thesis will show, Pre-Columbian Caribbean shell fish hooks are a relevant artifact of which its importance needs to be recognized. The gaps of knowledge that current are strongly present in Caribbean shell fish hook literature will be filled up by the means of a comparative analysis. There will be looked at shell fish hooks from three other regions: Hawaii, Australia, and California. The shell fish hooks from these regions have been studied more thoroughly than the Caribbean fish hooks, meaning that a comparison will prove useful. Within this comparison, special attention will be given to the manufacturing process of the shell fish hook, its use, the created typology and the role of men and women in relation to the artifact. It has become clear that certain aspects of the Pre-Columbian shell fish hook, of which the role of males and females is most notable, must be re-evaluated. The role of females in Pre-Columbian society is largely studied with a western bias in mind, something that researchers must stop doing. Women from all the other regions have played a large role in the collection of marine resources and sometimes also the manufacture of shell tools, meaning that the role of women must not be underestimated. It can be concluded that there is a lot of information to be gained of the largely unstudied Pre-Columbian Caribbean fish hook by looking at similar fish hooks from various regions across the globe. These results, furthermore, are expected to result in a more attentive focus on the recognition of the Caribbean shell fish hook during research. This thesis can be the starting point of further detailed research into the Indigenous peoples of the Caribbean through the analyses of the Pre-Columbian Caribbean shell fish hook. This tool can be used to track the diaspora of peoples into the Caribbean and can, furthermore, be explored even further in attempts to connect the Caribbean with mainland South and North America.Show less
Master thesis | Classics and Ancient Civilizations (MA)
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This thesis provides an examination of the representation of gender roles in the Salmacis and Hermaphroditus scene in Ovid's Metamorphoses. Ovid thoroughly plays with gender roles and expectations...Show moreThis thesis provides an examination of the representation of gender roles in the Salmacis and Hermaphroditus scene in Ovid's Metamorphoses. Ovid thoroughly plays with gender roles and expectations of gender roles in the scene. The scene is examined in the light of intertextuality with other stories in Ovid's Metamorphoses, Odysseus' speech to Nausicaa in Homer's Odyssey and several similes.Show less
Throughout the 20th century, the discussion on abortion in Latin America has spurred multiple controversies which persist today primarily due to the significant role the Catholic Church plays in...Show moreThroughout the 20th century, the discussion on abortion in Latin America has spurred multiple controversies which persist today primarily due to the significant role the Catholic Church plays in the area. Despite the recent advances achieved through decriminalization, the region’s percentage of unsafe abortions is the highest in the world. Chile’s case appears particularly insightful in analyzing the discrepancy between the law and the practice of abortion reforms due to the recent evolvement of the legislative debate in September 2017. During Michelle Bachelet’s second presidency, the long-awaited Law 21.030 reversed a 28-year ban in place since Pinochet’s regime. Despite the de jure significance of the law, which formally decriminalized abortion in three specific circumstances, many legal, cultural, political and economic impediments persist to undermine the effectiveness of the law, severely affecting Chilean women’s access to safe abortion services. In this manner, women are continuously led to risk their lives by undergoing abortions in clandestine and unsafe conditions. This thesis attempts to gain a nuanced understanding of such trends. By adopting a multidisciplinary approach, this thesis presents a legal and cultural analysis of three of the main obstacles to women’s access to safe and legal abortions in Chile: the right of health providers to claim conscientious objection, the legacy of traditional gender roles and abortion stigma, and the impact of socio-economic inequality.Show less
In my BA thesis I analyze two novels, The House of Mirth by Wharton and The Yellow Wallpaper by Gilman. I illustrate how the novels describe that women needed personal autonomy and how they wanted...Show moreIn my BA thesis I analyze two novels, The House of Mirth by Wharton and The Yellow Wallpaper by Gilman. I illustrate how the novels describe that women needed personal autonomy and how they wanted to escape patriarchal oppression. In order to do so I distinguish two selves within the female protagonists, namely the rebellious self and the obedient self. The rebellious self wants to break free from patriarchal oppression and its gender roles, whereas the obedient self adheres to these societal standards. Whilst analyzing these two selves in the novels, a link will be established between these selves and gothic imagery in order to illustrate women's precarious position in the American Victorian era.Show less
During the Egyptian Revolution in 2011, protesters and dissident behaviour were severely condemned by agents of the state. Among the protesters were women who were subjugated to gender-specific...Show moreDuring the Egyptian Revolution in 2011, protesters and dissident behaviour were severely condemned by agents of the state. Among the protesters were women who were subjugated to gender-specific violence to the criticism of many Egyptians. As awareness of misconduct towards women grew during the Egyptian revolution, it can be argued that the revolution also instigated a shift in thinking about the role of women in Egyptian society, since it opened up a new space for women to express themselves in the process of self-definition. Therefore, I will argue that a gendered analysis of the revolution will help us understand resistance better while interrogating the gender-dynamics in revolutionary Egypt. Hence, I will investigate how the revolution contributed to a shift in the construction of gender roles for women in Egypt. The research problem is understanding how the previously assigned gender roles, framed by nationalist ideologies, played a role in the way women were treated during the public protests. In order to answer this question, I will focus on Egypt under Mubarak and under the SCAF who reigned until 2012. Secondly, I will investigate the role of the state, its patriarchal character and its adherence to a security regime. Thirdly, I will analyse how women protesters were changing the status quo by their acts of protest and how it provoked a different way of thinking about women. The latter, has been aided by female graffiti artists too who used their graffiti as a way of 'speaking back'. This will be contextualised by an analysis of a selection of graffiti made by women during the Egyptian Revolution.Show less
In this thesis, I have taken a look at military conscription in South-Korea and how the system intersects with and is influenced by gender and citizenship. To do so, I have used the Korean military...Show moreIn this thesis, I have taken a look at military conscription in South-Korea and how the system intersects with and is influenced by gender and citizenship. To do so, I have used the Korean military variety show 'Real men' as a case study, analyzing this show and the way in which it portrays both masculinity and gender roles. I argue that military conscription in Korea is a system deeply shaped by concepts of hyper masculinity and socially constructed gender in relation to citizenship. At the same time, conscription amplifies these concepts and processes of gender creation, and thus works as an intermediary and magnifier of hyper masculinity and gendered citizenship within Korean society.Show less
Gothic Literature forms an important piece of the foundation of feminism and gender-equality movements that are existent today; throughout the centuries literature has been a vehicle for commentary...Show moreGothic Literature forms an important piece of the foundation of feminism and gender-equality movements that are existent today; throughout the centuries literature has been a vehicle for commentary (even in times when outright protest could be dangerous), and the Gothic is no exception. As such, Gothic Literature forms a representation of the society that formed its’ base, and a study of the gender roles as portrayed within the novels allows for an understanding of the gender roles within Gothic society- even more importantly, the novels of the time contain the bases of the changes that marked the period. The writers of the Gothic commented on the old patriarchy through their prevalently male adversaries warring against young heroines, and called for a new form of patriarchy that would rid women of the sometimes violent oppressions they suffered under outdated notions of gender roles. The heroines of the Gothic as such become the embodiment of a new generation of women that treaded outside their traditional sphere, demanding education and rights, even if remaining under the protection of their fathers and husbands. This commentary on patriarchy, and the representation of proto-feminism in Gothic Literature will form the core of my research, and this thesis.Show less
This thesis explores the correlation between gender roles and the use of the high rise pattern in declarative sentences, and whether the High Rising Terminal is an indicator of insecurity, as...Show moreThis thesis explores the correlation between gender roles and the use of the high rise pattern in declarative sentences, and whether the High Rising Terminal is an indicator of insecurity, as Lakoff (1973) suggests. The Introduction gives an overview of the field and the relevant issues and literature and the concepts of gender roles (particularly the phenomenon of the ‘power woman’) and the High Rise are explained. The Methodology for the research consists of two tests. First, five minutes of speech of twenty women in Dutch media were analysed for frequencies of the End Rise. The two women who displayed the highest and lowest frequencies were then subjected to further research (with transcribed speech samples consisting of ten minutes) to investigate the nature and context of their End Rises and whether these End Rises constitute occurrences of the High Rise. The results for both tests, which show that there is little correlation between the High Rise and assumed insecurity, are presented in the Results chapter. In the Conclusion, the results are discussed in relation to the research questions and the implications of the research and its results are also discussed.Show less
In dit onderzoek wordt er gekeken naar de verschillen in genderrollen tussen animeseries uit de jaren ’80 en recente series rond 2010 op basis van vier case studies. De verwachting was dat huidige...Show moreIn dit onderzoek wordt er gekeken naar de verschillen in genderrollen tussen animeseries uit de jaren ’80 en recente series rond 2010 op basis van vier case studies. De verwachting was dat huidige animeseries sterk geseksualiseerd zijn ten opzichte van series uit de jaren ‘80. De uiteindelijke conclusie is dat genderrollen iets zijn veranderd, en dat recente animeseries inderdaad sterk geseksualiseerd zijn, maar ook dat de mannelijke identiteit problematisch is geworden.Show less
Dungen, Boudewijn Sebastiaan Thibault van den 2013
