Shame and guilt are moral emotions that arise when people evaluate their behaviour as morally right or wrong. These emotions are critical for the display of prosocial behaviours, or else, social...Show moreShame and guilt are moral emotions that arise when people evaluate their behaviour as morally right or wrong. These emotions are critical for the display of prosocial behaviours, or else, social competence. However, the relation between moral emotions and social competence in preschool children has not been studied extensively in typically hearing (TH) populations, let alone in deaf or hard-of-hearing (DHH) children. The present study investigated whether TH and DHH preschoolers differ in their levels of shame, guilt, and social competence. Furthermore, the association between moral emotions and social competence, for these two groups, was examined. This study is a part of a larger longitudinal cross-cultural project, which aims at understanding the (early) social-emotional developments of children with hearing loss and autism in China and the Netherlands, while also exploring cultural and societal factors. A total of 282 TH and DHH Chinese preschoolers, between the ages of 1.5-6.5 years old, participated in the study. The data were collected via parent-report questionnaires, where parents reported online or on paper the levels of the studied variables in their children. The results showed that DHH preschoolers expressed less shame and guilt, while also displaying lower levels of social competence than the TH group. For both groups, no relation was found between shame and social competence, while guilt was found to be positively related with social competence. Notably, this positive relation was stronger in DHH than in TH preschoolers, revealing the potentially crucial role of guilt for the promotion of social competence in DHH children. This study serves as a preliminary step toward understanding the relations between moral emotions and social competence for TH and DHH preschoolers, while also providing recommendations for future research.Show less
This research hypothesized that using video evidence with audio, compared to without audio, would lead to a higher estimated likelihood of guilt and more final judgments of guilt. Furthermore, this...Show moreThis research hypothesized that using video evidence with audio, compared to without audio, would lead to a higher estimated likelihood of guilt and more final judgments of guilt. Furthermore, this research hypothesized that a written bias warning could help reduce a possible bias. These hypotheses were tested in four groups, with either video evidence with audio or without audio and either a bias warning or no bias warning. The participants were asked to fill in an online survey. Mixed evidence was found for the estimated likelihood of guilt and final judgments of guilt when comparing video evidence with audio to without audio. In addition, no evidence was found for an existing bias. It was also hypothesized that video evidence with audio would lead to a higher feeling of presence and vividness, compared to without audio. Video evidence with audio led to a higher feeling of presence, compared to video evidence without audio. No evidence was found for vividness. Limitations and implications of this research will be discussed.Show less
This master thesis is a case study of Aleksandr Tvardovsky, a famous Soviet poet and chief editor of the literary magazine Novyi Mir. This is a research on how Tvardovsky, who had loyally supported...Show moreThis master thesis is a case study of Aleksandr Tvardovsky, a famous Soviet poet and chief editor of the literary magazine Novyi Mir. This is a research on how Tvardovsky, who had loyally supported Stalin during his regime but later became an important actor in the destalinization, was able to come to terms with having supported Stalin’s system of terror. By analysing primary sources like his Working Notebooks, autobiographical poems and his brother’s autobiography, and by analysing his documented behaviour both during Stalin’s regime and after, this thesis will portray how Tvardovsky dealt with the aftermath of Stalin’s terror. In doing so, this research will make use of Hellbeck’s theory regarding writers’ loyalty to the regime despite state violence and the theory of the heroisation-demonisation phenomenon in mass dictatorships. This thesis aims to shed more light on how Soviet citizens adjusted during the Thaw.Show less
