The people’s voting choice is not only influenced by political parties, but also by the individual politicians themselves. This personalization of politics could be due tot certain character traits...Show moreThe people’s voting choice is not only influenced by political parties, but also by the individual politicians themselves. This personalization of politics could be due tot certain character traits of politicians, but also due to their personal characteristics. This thesis researches the latter at a municipal election in The Netherlands in 2022. A regression analysis has been conducted using the election results from The Hague and the composition of the different neighborhoods in terms of migration backgrounds. More specifically, it has been explored whether intraparty preference voting is influenced by the migration backgrounds of the voter on the one hand and the candidate on the other hand. The results of this research suggest that voters with a migration background are more likely to cast a preference vote for candidates that also have a migration background. This is shown by the effect that in neighborhoods that have relatively more residents with a migration background, more votes are casted on candidates with a migration background. This has implications for the way parties should compose their electoral lists and could raise the question whether the preferential threshold should be lowered to increase diversity in representative bodies.Show less
This research has investigated the classical rhetorical concept of ‘ethos’. While the notion of ethos has been recognised and studied since Classical Antiquity, there has been a lack of...Show moreThis research has investigated the classical rhetorical concept of ‘ethos’. While the notion of ethos has been recognised and studied since Classical Antiquity, there has been a lack of methodological means to identify and evaluate specific ethos-techniques. In addition, various terminologies have been used interchangeably to describe ‘ethos’, which has led to confusion. This study has addressed both issues by investigating classical and modern notions of ethos. Conclusively, this research has broken down the concept of ethos into the term ‘invented ethos’ (also called ‘persona’) and ‘reputation’ (also called ‘situated ethos’). Accordingly, a new method was developed to determine one’s reputation, identify ethos-techniques in one’s speeches, and evaluate one’s overall ethos. As a means to test this new model, a case study was conducted of two Dutch, relatively young politicians – Thierry Baudet and Jesse Klaver – who, as new party leaders, despite their young age and relative lack of experience, won a significant number of seats for their parties, in the Dutch House of Representatives in the 2017 elections. The corpus consisted of four speeches: two speeches of each politician. The analysis suggested that Baudet scores high when it comes to his expertise, but lower on sympathy and reliability. This can be explained by the fact that, contrary to the classical and modern advice, Baudet is not very modest and uses complex language. Klaver on the other hand, scores high on sympathy, low on reliability, and average on expertise. Looking at the total scores, the theorised ethos-advices were mostly reflected in Klavers’ speeches, who also had the highest reputation score. The analysis further showed that the two politicians maintain similar ethos-aims. They are both portraying themselves as the underdogs: outsiders who are part of the public and who are fighting the political elite. Still, certain unexplored ethos-techniques were employed by both politicians. Most prominently, both make significant use of ‘namedropping’, yet with a different result. Baudet’s namedropping of inter alia literary authors and classical music, seems to be aimed at underlining his expertise, which is also stressed by his use of flowery and grandiloquent language. Contrarily, Klaver seems to employ namedropping of famous (Dutch) persons, in order to put more emphasis on his popularity and likeability, which is also supported by his more conversational tone and his casual look. Nevertheless, Baudet’s and Klaver’s growing ethos and overall popularity suggests that lack of experience of expertise is not that important. Future research is recommended to further assess the effects of self-praising, self-mockery, and namedropping, on one’s ethos. KEYWORDS: Ethos, Credibility, Reputation, Rhetoric, PoliticsShow less
In deze scriptie is onderzocht in hoeverre de publieke opinie over terreurorganisatie Islamitische Staat (IS) invloed heeft gehad op de verkiezingscampagnes voor de parlementsverkiezingen van 2015...Show moreIn deze scriptie is onderzocht in hoeverre de publieke opinie over terreurorganisatie Islamitische Staat (IS) invloed heeft gehad op de verkiezingscampagnes voor de parlementsverkiezingen van 2015 in Israël en in Turkije. Hiertoe is de presentatie van IS in de Israëlische en Turkse media gedurende de verkiezingsperiode geanalyseerd en is geanalyseerd hoe belangrijke verkiezingskandidaten hierop hebben gezinspeeld. Uit dit onderzoek blijkt dat Netanyahu tijdens zijn campagne IS stelselmatig heeft aangehaald en hierbij voornamelijk heeft gedoeld op andere terreurdreigingen. In tegenstelling tot de situatie in Israël blijkt dat in Turkije de terreurorganisatie tijdens de verkiezingscampagnes juist is aangehaald door de kleinere oppositiepartijen. In hun campagnes brachten zij de terreurorganisatie voornamelijk in verband met de slechte reputatie van Turkije in de strijd tegen IS.Show less
Bachelor thesis | Hebreeuwse en Joodse Studies (BA)
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In deze scriptie is onderzocht in hoeverre de publieke opinie over terreurorganisatie Islamitische Staat (IS) invloed heeft gehad op de verkiezingscampagnes voor de parlementsverkiezingen van 2015...Show moreIn deze scriptie is onderzocht in hoeverre de publieke opinie over terreurorganisatie Islamitische Staat (IS) invloed heeft gehad op de verkiezingscampagnes voor de parlementsverkiezingen van 2015 in Israël en in Turkije. Hiertoe is de presentatie van IS in de Israëlische en Turkse media gedurende de verkiezingsperiode geanalyseerd en is geanalyseerd hoe belangrijke verkiezingskandidaten hierop hebben gezinspeeld. Uit dit onderzoek blijkt dat Netanyahu tijdens zijn campagne IS stelselmatig heeft aangehaald en hierbij voornamelijk heeft gedoeld op andere terreurdreigingen. In tegenstelling tot de situatie in Israël blijkt dat in Turkije de terreurorganisatie tijdens de verkiezingscampagnes juist is aangehaald door de kleinere oppositiepartijen. In hun campagnes brachten zij de terreurorganisatie voornamelijk in verband met de slechte reputatie van Turkije in de strijd tegen IS.Show less
