This thesis explores the power structures in the formation of the canon of Surrealism. The question why female artists are still excluded from the master narrative of Art History is researched...Show moreThis thesis explores the power structures in the formation of the canon of Surrealism. The question why female artists are still excluded from the master narrative of Art History is researched through the actors who were involved in the formation of the canon of Surrealism and in the writing of Art History. The Surrealist art scene in 1930s and 1940s New York is the main topic of this research, together with the question of rereading, differencing or rejecting the canon and the move towards an inclusive Art History anno 2018.Show less
This thesis examines the buying behaviour of Dutch women during the eighteenth century and determines whether a change can be detected in the kinds of works that women bought. The research is based...Show moreThis thesis examines the buying behaviour of Dutch women during the eighteenth century and determines whether a change can be detected in the kinds of works that women bought. The research is based on the female customers that came to Luchtmans, an academic bookshop in Leiden, and thus the main source of this study is the extensive archive that the firm has left behind. At the start of the eighteenth century, a wealthy mother primarily visited the shop to purchase school books for her young children. However, as the century progressed, an increasing number of unmarried women came to buy newspapers and novels, as they had more freedom to pursue their own interests. Although these women were certainly not representative of the general female population in Leiden, an interesting shift presented itself when comparing women from two time periods in the eighteenth century.Show less
The literature on women’s inclusion in peacebuilding has not only raised much criticism about women’s poor involvement, but also hopes for what their inclusion could entail. This research aims to...Show moreThe literature on women’s inclusion in peacebuilding has not only raised much criticism about women’s poor involvement, but also hopes for what their inclusion could entail. This research aims to unravel the question of whether involving local women's groups in the official peace process will lead to women's political, legal and economic emancipation in post-conflict societies. This is done with a case study of Liberia, as it has become well-known for its active women’s peace movement, and election of the first woman president in Africa. The 2003 Comprehensive Peace Agreement was somewhat gender-sensitive, and also involved a regional women’s organization— MARWOPNET— as one of the signatories. Yet, while the gender agenda has been present in several programs and policies in Liberia’s reconstruction, the results so far have been moderate. This thesis argues that local women’s involvement in official peace processes will lead to gender issues being more present in countries’ post-conflict reconstruction. However, to achieve their goals, women’s organizations need support from other actors, and the focus should be on their involvement both in quality and quantity.Show less
This edition contains 26 letters from the Doesburg Letter Collection (1777 -1822) focusing on its female correspondents. The letters give an exceptional insight into the personal lives of men and...Show moreThis edition contains 26 letters from the Doesburg Letter Collection (1777 -1822) focusing on its female correspondents. The letters give an exceptional insight into the personal lives of men and women from all layers of the population in a time in Dutch history that was marked by almost constant war and the subsequent political, social and economic changes that came with these conflicts. Many of the letters are signed by women, which make the letter collection a rare source, since not many writings have been preserved from women living in this period, especially not from the lower class. For this reason, this edition focuses entirely on the female correspondence of the collection. The letters for this edition were chosen based on their geographic variation in order to give a broad picture not only of the lives of women from Doesburg, but from all over the Netherlands in the regarding period. To place the letters into context, this edition includes: an overview of the history of the Netherlands and Doesburg in the eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries, of reading and writing in the Low Countries, of the position of women in the Netherlands, and provides a sketch of the Dutch postal system between 1777-1822.Show less
93% of the participants of the Brazilian Conditional Cash Transfer Programme is female. This makes the BFP an interesting case study because it raises the question if the programme has had an...Show more93% of the participants of the Brazilian Conditional Cash Transfer Programme is female. This makes the BFP an interesting case study because it raises the question if the programme has had an impact on the empowerment of its female beneficiaries. The main question that has been answered in this thesis is, therefore: Has the Bolsa Família programme empowered its female beneficiaries or has it reinforced traditional gender stereotypes?Show less
Het percentage van vrouwen in een managerspositie was in 2011 in Japan 6,8%. Deze scriptie geeft een overzicht van de problemen die vrouwen ondervinden tijdens het maken van carrière in Japan....Show moreHet percentage van vrouwen in een managerspositie was in 2011 in Japan 6,8%. Deze scriptie geeft een overzicht van de problemen die vrouwen ondervinden tijdens het maken van carrière in Japan. Shiseido wordt gebruikt als casestudy om te laten zien dat er bedrijven zijn die oplossingen hebben gevonden op deze problemen. Het aantal vrouwen in een managerspositie bij Shiseido was in april 2015 27,7%. Dit aantal is ver boven het gemiddelde van Japan. Hoe lost Shiseido de problemen op voor haar vrouwelijke werknemers?Show less
The purpose of this research is to examine what distinguishes Japanese women who have attained managerial positions from those who haven't, with a specific focus on social capital. The main...Show moreThe purpose of this research is to examine what distinguishes Japanese women who have attained managerial positions from those who haven't, with a specific focus on social capital. The main question is “How did Japanese women in managerial positions negotiate their surroundings and utilized their social capital for their career advancement?”, which we have attempted to answer through the conduct of through life-history research. We found that all informants were supported by their parents in various life choices, such as education and job perspectives. This equipped them not only with the cultural capital needed to find employment, but we also suggest this has influenced their attitude towards work and may have provided them with certain non-cognitive skills that helped them in their career advancement. Moreover, the roles of social networks became particularly explicit in the context of negotiating childcare with the full-time job responsibilities. It was however not a matter of expanding the network, but strengthening the already existing ties that was essential for these women. Finally, we saw that the composition of the family also played a significant role in the women's career advancement: in particular the husband's occupation and help from the parents enabled working mothers to combine their careers with childrearing activities.Show less
The 'kizuna' discourse in Japan is about bonding as people. After the 3.11 disaster this bonding became more important. The women in the disaster areas were faced with the pressure this discourse...Show moreThe 'kizuna' discourse in Japan is about bonding as people. After the 3.11 disaster this bonding became more important. The women in the disaster areas were faced with the pressure this discourse placed on the gender role women have. With all the stress they themselves already went through, it was still their responsibility to care for everyone. There was hardly any particular attention for the needs of women in disaster areas. This thesis discusses first the theory on disaster and how such an event affects women in particular. Next a history of women and the role they take in society is discussed, followed by the situation of women after the disaster and during recovery.Show less
Een onderzoek dat tracht een uitspraak te doen over hoe de 13e-eeuwse tekst 'L'Histoire de Guillaume le Maréchal' geïnterpreteerd moet worden; is het een non-fictieve biografie of een fictieve...Show moreEen onderzoek dat tracht een uitspraak te doen over hoe de 13e-eeuwse tekst 'L'Histoire de Guillaume le Maréchal' geïnterpreteerd moet worden; is het een non-fictieve biografie of een fictieve ridderroman? De invalshoek die wordt gehanteerd is William Marshals omgang met vrouwen. Door weer te geven hoe Marshals omgang met vrouwen beschreven wordt in de 'Histoire', tracht dit onderzoek een uitspraak te doen over hoe de 'Histoire' als geheel geïnterpreteerd moet worden.Show less
This thesis discusses the role of film and star persona in relation to the dominant ideology of the 1950s. Judy Holliday is used as an example in this matter to demonstrate in what ways a female...Show moreThis thesis discusses the role of film and star persona in relation to the dominant ideology of the 1950s. Judy Holliday is used as an example in this matter to demonstrate in what ways a female star persona reflected cultural expectations for American women in film.Show less
