This bachelor thesis undertakes a normative analysis of the Energy Charter Treaty (ECT) within the framework of climate distributive justice and focuses on the European Union's position. The...Show moreThis bachelor thesis undertakes a normative analysis of the Energy Charter Treaty (ECT) within the framework of climate distributive justice and focuses on the European Union's position. The research reveals a misalignment between the current provisions of the ECT and climate distributive principles. Corporations are granted significant autonomy for self-regulation through Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) in the current climate regime, which leads to unjust distributions of climate burdens. Through an in-depth examination of the text of the treaty this thesis proposes a formal regulatory approach that emphasizes states’ legislative responsibility. This approach aims to bridge the gap between current ECT provisions and climate distributive justice imperatives, ensuring a more equitable distribution of climate burdens among corporations and state actors. The thesis outlines a strategic pathway for the EU to address these issues, emphasizing the necessity for an amendment of the ECT. The proposed amendments call for a re-evaluation of the treaty's provisions to align with climate distributive justice principles and hold states accountable for more rigorous legislative measures. The analysis further concludes that, given the urgency of climate action, the EU should expedite its departure from the ECT if the proposed amendments are not implemented. By advocating for a comprehensive re-evaluation and amendment of the ECT, this research contributes to the discourse on climate distributive justice. The proposed changes seek to ensure that international energy agreements adhere to distributive justice principles, promoting a more equitable global climate regime.Show less
This thesis investigates the relationship between the concept and implementation of good governance policies and environmental outcomes within the unique context of authoritarian states, with a...Show moreThis thesis investigates the relationship between the concept and implementation of good governance policies and environmental outcomes within the unique context of authoritarian states, with a specific focus on Vietnam. It examines how non-democratic regimes are often characterized by components contrasting with GG, such as centralization of power and limited political freedoms. Typical principles of good governance include transparency, accountability, credibility, and collective action. The thesis delves into the evaluation of good governance in sixty-three provinces in Vietnam and assesses the effectiveness of good governance on the reduction of ambient air pollution in an authoritarian setting. Through a combination of theoretical analyses and a subnational study of Vietnam, this research aims to provide a nuanced understanding of democratic and non-democratic regimes combating climate change and facilitating positive environmental outcomes. The findings offer insights into future governance recommendations, specifically in mitigating environmental outcomes. With suggestions for reform and innovation in good governance regarding authoritarian political systems and contributing to broader discussions on political governance and its impact on public health.Show less
Het India-Pakistan conflict is een van de langstlopende conflicten in de periode na de Tweede Wereldoorlog. Een van de factoren die invloed heeft op dit soort rivaliteitsconflicten is het...Show moreHet India-Pakistan conflict is een van de langstlopende conflicten in de periode na de Tweede Wereldoorlog. Een van de factoren die invloed heeft op dit soort rivaliteitsconflicten is het regimetype van de betrokken landen. In 2008 heeft zich in Pakistan een proces van democratisering plaatsgevonden. In de literatuur is geen eenduidigheid over de mogelijke invloed van een dergelijk proces. In dit onderzoek wordt met een analyse van interviews met politieke leiders gekeken of deze democratisering invloed heeft gehad op de manier hoe Pakistan en India zich tot elkaar verhouden. In lijn met de verwachtingen van de democratic peace theory stelt dit onderzoek dat de democratisering van Pakistan een de-escalerende werking op het conflict heeft gehad.Show less
The existing philosophical debate in pornography regulation is between liberals and radical feminists. However, this debate is currently stuck in a position where neither side is willing to...Show moreThe existing philosophical debate in pornography regulation is between liberals and radical feminists. However, this debate is currently stuck in a position where neither side is willing to incorporate the other side's concerns. This thesis aims to further this debate by viewing the debate from a new lens. It argues that neo-republicanism, specifically their understanding of freedom as non-domination, is a useful way of understanding the effects of pornography. Through this analysis, this thesis aims to assess whether pornography regulation is justifiable in a neo-republican approach.Show less
The question of whether wealthier states should give aid to developing states is on the agenda of most political debates and is also highly discussed in the academic world. Within the luck...Show moreThe question of whether wealthier states should give aid to developing states is on the agenda of most political debates and is also highly discussed in the academic world. Within the luck-egalitarian theory, scholars disagree about whether the wealthier states are causing, at least partly, poverty within the developing states. This research will provide a normative answer to the question of whether wealthier states are morally obligated to provide distributive justice towards developing states. The crux of this essay involves the question of whether poverty is, at least partly, a form of brute luck imposed upon the developing states by the wealthier states. To conclude, this thesis claims that by abusing their borrowing privilege and resourcing privilege, the wealthier states are, at least partly, responsible for the plight of the developing states and therefore are morally obligated to provide distributive justice towards the developing states.Show less
