In the fall of 2012, in reaction to proposed legislation by the Canadian government, the actions of four women, three of which of First Nations descent, led to a grassroots activist movement called...Show moreIn the fall of 2012, in reaction to proposed legislation by the Canadian government, the actions of four women, three of which of First Nations descent, led to a grassroots activist movement called ‘Idle No More’. This movement has since inspired many people to take action for Indigenous rights and environmental preservation. In this thesis I will research which historical, social, economical, environmental and political factors contributed to the origination and the continuing impact of the Idle No More movement to answer the question: who is Idle No More, and what does being Idle No More mean to those involved?Show less
Psychopathy causes a great burden for both the patient, his or her caregivers and for the rest of society. Secondary psychopathy seems to be environment-related and secondary psychopaths may...Show morePsychopathy causes a great burden for both the patient, his or her caregivers and for the rest of society. Secondary psychopathy seems to be environment-related and secondary psychopaths may therefore benefit from treatment. An important topic of psychopathy research is to examine what causes the development of secondary psychopathy in children. The prevalence of personality disorders is higher in ethnic minority groups within Western Europe. A possible explanation for the increased risk of personality disorders in ethnic minority groups is lower self-esteem, which can be caused by the experience of being isolated from a group. This study focused on the relationship between implicit and explicit self-esteem and secondary psychopathic traits in adolescents between 12 and 17 years and the effect of ethnicity on this relationship. Questionnaires were used to measure psychopathic traits and explicit self-esteem, respectively by the Youth Psychopathic Traits Inventory and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale. Implicit self-esteem was determined with the aid of a computer task, the Implicit Association Task Self-Esteem, in which the reaction time was measured. As predicted, low self-esteem in Moroccan youth was correlated with higher levels of psychopathic traits and vice versa, which might be explained by the social-defeat model. On the contrary, this relationship wasn’t found for native Dutch adolescents. There seems to be no effect of social defeat for native Dutch adolescents. The ethnic differences in the relationship between self-esteem and psychopathic traits could not be explained by differences in socio-economic background. These results demonstrate that self-esteem is important in predicting secondary psychopathic traits in Moroccan youth. The social-defeat model gives an explanation for this relationship. In the future preventive programs should focus on increasing self-esteem, especially among ethnic minority groups, to reduce the chance of developing secondary psychopathic traits and psychopathy.Show less
In dit onderzoek is gekeken naar verschillen in het niveau van reflectief functioneren (RF) en problemen in de emotieregulatie tussen (aanstaande) moeders van 17 tot en met 25 jaar uit een laag- en...Show moreIn dit onderzoek is gekeken naar verschillen in het niveau van reflectief functioneren (RF) en problemen in de emotieregulatie tussen (aanstaande) moeders van 17 tot en met 25 jaar uit een laag- en een hoog-risicogroep en naar de mate waarin problemen in de ER verklaard kunnen worden door het niveau van RF. Daarnaast is gekeken naar verschillen in de mentale ontwikkeling tussen kinderen van 6 maanden oud uit een laag- en hoog-risicogroep en naar de mate waarin de mentale ontwikkeling voorspeld kan worden op basis van RF en ER bij de moeder. Aan het onderzoek hebben 125 moeders deelgenomen (laag-risicogroep: 72, hoog-risicogroep: 53), waarvan gegevens van 56 moeders en kinderen zijn meegenomen in het onderzoek naar de mentale ontwikkeling (laag-risicogroep: 32, hoog-risicogroep: 24). Gegevens zijn verkregen door middel van het Pregnancy Interview, de Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale en door de mentale schaal van de Bayley Scales of Infant Development. Uit dit onderzoek komt naar voren dat moeders uit de hoog-risicogroep een significant lager niveau van RF hebben, F (1, 123) = 39.86, p < .001, en significant meer problemen in de ER hebben, F (1, 123) = 10.24, p = .002, dan moeders uit de laag-risicogroep. Problemen in de ER worden voor een klein deel verklaard door het niveau van RF, F (1, 123) = 4.98, p = .027, maar voor een groter deel door de risicogroep, F (1, 123) = 15.59, p < .001. Kinderen uit de risicogroepen verschillen niet significant van elkaar in hun mentale ontwikkeling. Een significant effect voor de invloed van RF en ER bij de moeder op de mentale ontwikkeling van het kind is niet gevonden. Door de gevonden relatie tussen de risicogroep, RF en ER kunnen interventies in de praktijk effectiever ingezet worden. Meer onderzoek naar het effect op de mentale ontwikkeling van het kind is nodig om meer duidelijkheid over deze relatie te krijgen.Show less
This study attempted to investigate the influence of frustration tolerance on the coping strategies of boys with disruptive behavior disorders (DBD). The participants were recruited in regular and...Show moreThis study attempted to investigate the influence of frustration tolerance on the coping strategies of boys with disruptive behavior disorders (DBD). The participants were recruited in regular and special primary schools in the Netherlands. Forty-one children with DBD were compared with a control group of thirty-eight children. The frustration tolerance is measured by using the 'Amsterdamse Neuropsychologische Taken; Delay Frustration' (ANT-DF). The coping strategy is measured by using questionnaires. To determine the emotion regulation, the 'Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire' (CERQ) is used. The coping strategies are analyzed by using the 'Behavioral Anger Response Questionnaire' (BARQ). Results show that boys with DBD do not differ in frustration tolerance compare to the control group. The effect of negative feedback results in more frustration for both groups. There is a difference between the DBD and control group in using the strategies 'avoidance' and 'diffusion'. Boys with DBD use less often these strategies compared with the control group. In addition, they do not avoid the stress situation but seek more often confrontation. Also, they focus on their anger. The DBD group is split into boys with a low frustration tolerance and boys with a high frustration tolerance because there was no difference between the DBD group and the control group. Of all strategies, DBD boys with a low frustration tolerance only use less often an avoidance coping strategy compared with the control group. Based on this study, it can be concluded that boys with DBD use other coping strategies compared with the control group. Specially boys with a low frustration tolerance, avoid stress situations less often and seek confrontation.Show less
Het doel van dit onderzoek is om te onderzoeken of er een verschil is tussen mannen en vrouwen in middelengebruik (tabak, alcohol, softdrugs en harddrugs) en hun motieven. De steekproef betrof n =...Show moreHet doel van dit onderzoek is om te onderzoeken of er een verschil is tussen mannen en vrouwen in middelengebruik (tabak, alcohol, softdrugs en harddrugs) en hun motieven. De steekproef betrof n = 514 respondenten in de leeftijd van 14-30 jaar met een gemiddelde leeftijd van 21.80 jaar, waarbij n = 199 mannen en n = 315 vrouwen. In het onderzoek is gebruik gemaakt van een algemene vragenlijst over middelengebruik, de Vragenlijst Effecten Middelengebruik en de BISBAS. Uit de resultaten van ANOVA’s blijkt dat mannen meer tabak roken (F(1,512) = 1,187, p = 0.01), alcohol drinken (F(1,512) = 0.664, p < 0.001), softdrugs (F(1,512) = 67.40, p < 0.001) en harddrugs (F(1,512) = 29.88, p < 0.001) gebruiken dan vrouwen. Tevens blijkt uit MANOVA’s dat er verschillen zijn in motieven. Mannen gebruiken middelen meer om te ontspannen dan vrouwen (F(2,513) = 12.55, p < 0.001) en mannen zijn meer sensatiezoekend (F(2,513) = 10.83, p < 0.001) en gedreven (F(2,513) = 5.321, p = 0.02). Vrouwen daarentegen zijn strafgevoeliger (F(1,512) = 82.33, p < 0.001). Uit ANCOVA blijkt dat het verschil tussen hoeveel mannen en vrouwen tabak roken verklaard wordt door onderliggende motieven Risk and Agression, Self Perception, BAS Drive, BAS Fun Seeking, BAS Reward Responsiveness en BIS (F(1,505) = 0.43, p = 0.47). Dit betekent dat het verschil in tabak verklaard wordt door onderliggende motieven, maar voor alcohol, softdrugs en harddrugs wordt het verschil niet verklaard door motieven. Deze bevindingen over het verschil in motivatie en middelengebruik door mannen en vrouwen kunnen van belang zijn bij het voorkomen van overmatig middelengebruik en het behandelen ervan.Show less
This thesis will reveal that The Road contains many literary techniques, motifs and themes that can be traced back specifically to Romantic texts in the apocalyptic tradition, as well as...Show moreThis thesis will reveal that The Road contains many literary techniques, motifs and themes that can be traced back specifically to Romantic texts in the apocalyptic tradition, as well as philosophical ideas concerning human ethics that were developed within Romantic and later science fiction literature, initially in response to Kantian ethics. These specific themes and ideas will serve as the framework of reference for this research, to be introduced and placed in context in the following subsections.Show less
“The Third Eye. Understanding Raghubir Singh and Raghu Rai” is focussing on the work of two Indian photographers. The research revolves around the question whether the work of Raghubir Singh and...Show more“The Third Eye. Understanding Raghubir Singh and Raghu Rai” is focussing on the work of two Indian photographers. The research revolves around the question whether the work of Raghubir Singh and Raghu Rai contains specific cultural characteristics concerning the selection of subject matter and photographic genre. This involves the purpose of their work, the influence of visual culture, and the technical approach. Chapter One offers a description of specific features of Indian visual culture and perception in order to put Singh and Rai in context and outline their distinctive position as photographer. Elements from Indian spiritual life and arts are being connected to findings in neuroscience research related to perception of people. This concerns the question whether the photography by Raghubir Singh and Raghu Rai contains specific Indian visual and cultural elements. The work of Singh and Rai is varyingly described as street photography and documentary photography. In Chapter Two various definitions and descriptions of these genres are analysed and compared. Researched is if Singh and Rai have an approach that can be identified as either street or documentary photography. Both photographers once met and were inspired by Henri Cartier-Bresson. Having determined the visual context and denominated the photographic genre of Raghubir Singh and Raghu Rai, Chapter Three investigates whether and how Cartier-Bresson influenced both photographers, in which the concept of the ‘decisive moment’ inevitably is a point of attention as well. The research indicates that Singh and Rai’s photographic work is authentic. They have adapted photographic genres developed in Western culture to suit the Indian context and the purpose of their work. The implications however are that not all viewers will perceive their work. Comprehension is dependent on the level of familiarity with Indian culture. Furthermore, researchers applying Western theories of photography should be aware of potential bias in these concepts. As specific Indian historical and comparative research and theorization regarding Indian photography is not yet initiated further research in this field is recommended.Show less
In this thesis I investigate the development of a supplementary design in Chinese ceramics, the plantain leaf design. I propose that the triangles on archaic bronzes do not represent (plantain)...Show moreIn this thesis I investigate the development of a supplementary design in Chinese ceramics, the plantain leaf design. I propose that the triangles on archaic bronzes do not represent (plantain) leaves and thus should not be referred to as jiāoyèwén ‘plantain leaf design’. During the Yuan dynasty, however, one specific type of banded leaf design is developed that can be consistently referred to as jiāoyèwén ‘plantain leaf design’. I map out the developments of the different banded leaf designs, and seek to show that the triangle design on archaic bronzes played an integral part in the development of the plantain leaf design of the Yuan dynasty. These developments are discussed in light of ‘the uses of the past’ initially described by David Lowenthal.Show less
In deze these wordt de verhouding tussen verschillende takken van onderzoek onderzocht. Daarbij komt niet alleen de verhouding tussen verschillende vormen van wetenschappelijk onderzoek aan bod,...Show moreIn deze these wordt de verhouding tussen verschillende takken van onderzoek onderzocht. Daarbij komt niet alleen de verhouding tussen verschillende vormen van wetenschappelijk onderzoek aan bod, maar ook de verhouding tussen wetenschappelijk onderzoek in het algemeen en onderzoek zoals zich dat voltrekt in de kunsten. Aan de hand van Dewey en Heidegger wordt een begrip van de structuur van de onderzoeksactiviteit ontwikkelt. Deze dient als alternatief voor het gangbare begrip, waarmee een onderscheid gemaakt wordt tussen verschillende takken van onderzoek (het bekendste: het onderscheid geesteswetenschappelijk en natuurwetenschappelijk onderzoek). Dat gangbare begrip van de structuur van onderzoek ontvangen we van Dilthey, het onderscheid volgt bij Dilthey uit een fundamenteel onderscheid dat hij maken moet (onder druk van Kant) tussen twee wijzen van ervaren. Het is de mogelijkheid om dit onderscheid te maken, tussen een "innerlijke" en een "uiterlijke" wijze van ervaren, die in deze these wordt geproblematiseerd.Show less
In his later work Heidegger introduces a mirror play of four spheres, something which in the first instance seems enigmatic and incomprehensible. This design, what he calls the Geviert (Fourfold),...Show moreIn his later work Heidegger introduces a mirror play of four spheres, something which in the first instance seems enigmatic and incomprehensible. This design, what he calls the Geviert (Fourfold), seems to appear out of nowhere. But on second thoughts it becomes clear that it is a continuation of his earlier work, and it is an answer to the problems of the European thinking. The main question of my study: ‘What includes Heideggers Geviert?’ The thesis consists of four chapters. The first focuses on the conception of the design of the Geviert in Heideggers earlier works, such as Sein und Zeit and Urpsprung des Kunstwerkes. The second one talks about two spheres, the earth and the sky. The third one focuses on the other two spheres, the mortal and the godlike. The fourth chapter treats the relationship and the dynamic between the four spheres. One of the insights is that each sphere contains the dynamic of Heraclit’ phusis-concept. Herewith Heidegger harks back to the origin of the Western thought to address to problems that have sprung into this thinking at the root.Show less
This is a study of a colonial economy from an agricultural perspective, focusing on the interaction and conflicts between rice and sugarcane production in Java during the late colonial period. Rice...Show moreThis is a study of a colonial economy from an agricultural perspective, focusing on the interaction and conflicts between rice and sugarcane production in Java during the late colonial period. Rice is the most important staple food, while sugarcane has been the principal cash crop between 1870s and 1920s. Since the natural habitats for two crops are similar in many respects but large-scale intercropping was precluded due to different irrigation practices, rice and sugarcane have been competing for the limited resource of land since the dawn of mass production at the end of the nineteenth century. This thesis attempts to answer whether the proliferation of sugar plantation contributed to the rice shortage in Java, and how the shortfall in rice might influence the distribution and expansion of sugar plantation in the tropical island. Besides the quantitative analysis with agricultural statistics, it also investigates the process of policy-making, in which the colonial government exerted regulatory influence over different interest groups as far as the production of rice and sugar were concerned in the 1910s and 1920s.Show less
Hoe religie en de natuur op bepaalde punten samen lijken te komen volgens Charles Dupuis en George Faber. Twee perspectieven uit dezelfde tijd. Een Franse en een Engelse gedachte zien verbanden...Show moreHoe religie en de natuur op bepaalde punten samen lijken te komen volgens Charles Dupuis en George Faber. Twee perspectieven uit dezelfde tijd. Een Franse en een Engelse gedachte zien verbanden maar ook verschillen, hoe is dit verklaarbaar?Show less
