Crime and crime prevention are significant problems in today's society. The recidivism rate in the Netherlands is quite high, despite the fact that the number of detainees is quite low in...Show moreCrime and crime prevention are significant problems in today's society. The recidivism rate in the Netherlands is quite high, despite the fact that the number of detainees is quite low in comparison to other countries, which results that the recidivism rate in the Netherlands is problematic. Due to the disguised nature of one’s rejection for help, those who have engaged in delinquent behavior are usually considered to be a difficult-to-reach group. However, when felons experience supervision during the reintegration processes the number of felons that reoffend are less. In order to supervise and guide former felons during the reintegration process, representative bureaucracy may be an important feature for the view of recipient towards the decision-maker. This thesis aims to analyze the relation of symbolic representation through lived experience and it impact on trust in decision-making from the perspective of ordinary citizens and employees of reintegration centers.Show less
This study had the objective to see the effect between the gender of a police officer and their likelihood to report on domestic violence. In order to answer the research question, “To what extent...Show moreThis study had the objective to see the effect between the gender of a police officer and their likelihood to report on domestic violence. In order to answer the research question, “To what extent does gender affect a police officer’s likelihood to file a report on domestic violence?”, an experimental survey was conducted, which was focussed on the likelihood to report as well as the credibility of the victim. It was expected that female police officers would be more likely to report alleged domestic violence if the victim was a woman and male police officers were expected to be more likely to report if the victim was male, due to their match of gender, which was based on the representative bureaucracy theory. For conclusion, it can be stated that this hypothesis (H1) is not true, as both genders tend to be more likely to report if the victim is a woman. Moreover, it was expected that female victims would be more credible to both male and female officers. When analysing the means of the outcomes, the second hypothesis (H2) seemed true. However, reliability has been a concern as the data is not statistically significant, meaning that for both statements, the null hypothesis cannot be rejected. This has occurred because of a Type II error, due to insufficient sampling. The ration men-women has not been executed well, resulting in to less male participants compared to female participants.Show less
When discussing predictive policing, the focus usually lies on the method’s potential effect on policing outcomes. In contrast, this paper aims to add to the literature by providing an analysis of...Show moreWhen discussing predictive policing, the focus usually lies on the method’s potential effect on policing outcomes. In contrast, this paper aims to add to the literature by providing an analysis of the potential effect of predictive software on the process of policing. At the centre is the question: “How does predictive policing influence citizen perceptions of procedural justice during police encounters?”. For this purpose, citizen perceptions of procedural justice are operationalised as complaints and allegations against officers of the New York City Police Department (NYPD). In addition to a paired t-test, a random-effects model is used, to test for the overall effect of predictive policing and the influence of a person’s race. The seven years before and after the introduction of predictive policing in 2013 thereby serve as the main independent variable. The results of the analysis do not reveal a clear negative correlation between predictive policing and citizen perceptions of procedural justice. Overall, encounters perceived as negative were less likely during the second period. However, an increase in the severity of individual complaints indicates partial support for the hypotheses derived from the literature. In addition, regarding the effect of race, the likelihood to perceive abuses of power increased disproportionately for Black and Hispanic citizens.Show less
