Since the 2010's Psychology is in a replication crisis. There is an active debate within the discipline to "solve" the crisis. I argue that so far, most of the debate has been ignorant about the...Show moreSince the 2010's Psychology is in a replication crisis. There is an active debate within the discipline to "solve" the crisis. I argue that so far, most of the debate has been ignorant about the real problem causing the crisis. Roughly the crisis literature be grouped into a replication, a normativity and a validity crisis (Lundh, 2019). Most authors focus on the first to issues. While in reality the current crisis is a validity crisis, the method’s of psychology pass by the nature of its problem (chapter 1). I show through the work of Edmund Husserl how the problem arises as a consequence of the Galilean method of natural science (chapter 2). Then, I show how in psychology’s history the naturalism, which arose with the scientific revolution, kept it stuck in a perpetual crisis causing a perpetual cycle of revolutions (Introspectionism, Behaviorism, Cognitivism, Enactvisim) (chapter 3). Lastly, I sketch out Husserl’s proposed solution to break the cycle and arrive at scientific psychology on new terms which capture the essence of the mind as essentially subjective (chapter 4).Show less
Two types of personal knowledge are identified: physical/tacit knowledge and knowledge from personal experience. Both types of knowledge seem to deal with the same problems in natural science: they...Show moreTwo types of personal knowledge are identified: physical/tacit knowledge and knowledge from personal experience. Both types of knowledge seem to deal with the same problems in natural science: they are not accepted as scientifically relevant, and they are not easily translated into words. However, they seem to be of great importance for the decision making and scientific success of scientists (in the field of nanobiology). In this thesis, it is argued that both tacit personal knowledge and personal knowledge from experience should be accepted as scientifically relevant, based on arguments from feminist philosophy of science, and thus incorporated into the scientific practice and communication amongst scientists. Furthermore, empathy is put forward as a possible method for transmission of personal knowledge, based on the account of Edith Stein and other contemporary work on the function and effects of empathy in the practice of natural science.Show less
This thesis broadly reviews the current literature on voice-like thought. I observe two major lines of explaining the phenomenon of inner speech (‘the little voice inside our heads’), which are...Show moreThis thesis broadly reviews the current literature on voice-like thought. I observe two major lines of explaining the phenomenon of inner speech (‘the little voice inside our heads’), which are perception-based and action-based approaches. The former focuses on inner speech as an auditory experience, and the latter focuses on inner speech being an act of speaking. This thesis discusses a currently dominant action-based model on inner speech (the forward model). The model includes a theory of how errors in inner speech generation can lead to clinical symptoms commonly found in people diagnosed with schizophrenia, such as auditory verbal hallucinations (‘hearing voices’). The way I will approach the topic is to find key assumptions on which the forward model is based, and discuss the concepts used in these assumptions. I argue mainly that inner hearing as a concept should be considered in further developing the model, and that the definitions of sense of agency, sense of ownership, intention, and source-monitoring need to be sharpened. This review aims to contribute to mapping our verbal mental experiences and their interrelations, which will ultimately be useful in clinical contexts. Hence, this work is meant to guide future research projects and inspire ongoing discussion about our verbal mental experiences.Show less
An analysis of several passages from Nietzsche's 'Thus Spoke Zarathustra' is used to explore possible reasons for the attractiveness of videogame worlds.
