There has always been a correlation between football and violence. However, incidents at football matches lost its spontaneity in the UK during the 1960s, when groups of young supporters started to...Show moreThere has always been a correlation between football and violence. However, incidents at football matches lost its spontaneity in the UK during the 1960s, when groups of young supporters started to organize themselves in groups, giving life to football hooliganism. The advent of European football competitions and the interaction between British supporters and the ones from rest of Europe provoked the spread of football hooliganism. This thesis proposes an analysis of the development of this social phenomenon in four countries: the UK, the Netherlands, Italy, and Spain. In particular, this research will focus on the role that political ideologies have played within hooligans’ groups and will assess the motives for the major presence of politics within the stadiums of countries such as Italy and Spain, and its absence in the UK and the Netherlands.Show less
The paper provides an account of the illegal waste disposal activities committed by the three major Italian organized crimes namely Camorra, Cosa Nostra and ‘Ndrangheta. ‘Ecomafia’ is the term used...Show moreThe paper provides an account of the illegal waste disposal activities committed by the three major Italian organized crimes namely Camorra, Cosa Nostra and ‘Ndrangheta. ‘Ecomafia’ is the term used to describe the divisions of criminal networks that operate in the illegal trafficking and disposal of waste. Guided by the theoretical framework of Illegal Enterprise Theory, the paper aims to illustrate why certain Italian regions have higher incidences of the phenomenon of Ecomafia.Show less
